・リイノシン・・リシチジン、・リイノシン・シチジン

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the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet (同)c
(music) the keynote of the scale of C major
a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system
the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)i

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/13 15:50:04」(JST)

wiki en

Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (usually abbreviated poly I:C) is an immunostimulant. It is used in the form of its sodium salt to simulate viral infections.^[1]

Poly I:C is known to interact with toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, which is expressed in the membrane of B-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Poly I:C is structurally similar to double-stranded RNA, which is present in some viruses and is a "natural" stimulant of TLR3. Thus, Poly I:C can be considered a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and is a common tool for scientific research on the immune system.

Chemistry

Poly I:C is a mismatched double-stranded RNA with one strand being a polymer of inosinic acid, the other a polymer of cytidylic acid.

References

^ Fortier ME, Kent S, Ashdown H, Poole S, Boksa P, Luheshi GN (2004). "The viral mimic, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, induces fever in rats via an interleukin-1-dependent mechanism". Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 287 (4): R759–66. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00293.2004. PMID 15205185.

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English Journal

Effects of prenatal immune activation on amphetamine-induced addictive behaviors: Contributions from animal models.

Borçoi AR1, Patti CL2, Zanin KA3, Hollais AW1, Santos-Baldaia R1, Ceccon LM1, Berro LF3, Wuo-Silva R1, Grapiglia SB1, Ribeiro LT1, Lopes-Silva LB3, Frussa-Filho R1.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2015 Dec 3;63:63-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.05.015. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
BACKGROUND: Prenatal environmental adversities may affect brain development and are associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, an illness with 50% comorbidity with addiction. Maternal immune activation by poly-inosinic-citidilic acid (Poly(I:C)) exposure can promote behavioral alterations con
PMID 26051209

Functional characterizations of IPS-1 in CIK cells: Potential roles in regulating IFN-I response dependent on IRF7 but not IRF3.

Feng X1, Zhang Y1, Yang C2, Liao L3, Wang Y3, Su J4.
Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2015 Nov;53(1):23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.06.005. Epub 2015 Jun 23.
IPS-1, as the sole adaptor of RIG-I and MDA5, plays a central role in innate antiviral immunity. In this study, we investigated potential roles of IPS-1 in innate immunity and the domain-requirement of IPS-1 for its signaling in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Overexpression experiment showed
PMID 26111995

The broad pattern recognition spectrum of the Toll-like receptor in mollusk Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri.

Wang M1, Wang L1, Guo Y1, Sun R1, Yue F1, Yi Q1, Song L2.
Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2015 Oct;52(2):192-201. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.05.011. Epub 2015 May 27.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are among the most studied pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) playing essential roles in innate immune defenses. In the present study, the basic features of CfTLR in mollusk Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri, including sequence homology, tissue distribution, subcellular lo
PMID 26026245

Japanese Journal

Alternaria Inhibits Double-stranded RNA-Induced Cytokines Productions through TLR3 (東邦大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科大森病院枝松秀雄教授開講10周年記念論文集)

Wada Kouta,Kobayashi Takao,Matsuwaki Yoshinori [他]
耳鼻咽喉科臨床. 補冊 (143), 117-126, 2015-07
NAID 40020529546

Defined TLR3-specific adjuvant that induces NK and CTL activation without significant cytokine production in vivo

Matsumoto Misako,Tatematsu Megumi,Nishikawa Fumiko,Azuma Masahiro,Ishii Noriko,Morii-Sakai Akiko,Shime Hiroaki,Seya Tsukasa
Nature Communications 6, 6280, 2015-02
… Here we create an RNA ligand for TLR3 with no ability to activate the RIG-I/MDA5 pathway. … This TLR3 ligand is a chimeric molecule consisting of phosphorothioate ODN-guided dsRNA (sODN-dsRNA), which elicits far less cytokine production than poly(I:C) in vitro and in vivo. …
NAID 120005619610

Alternaria Inhibits Double-stranded RNA-Induced Cytokines Productions through TLR3

Wada Kouta,Kobayashi Takao,Matsuwaki Yoshinori,Moriyama Hiroshi,Kita Hirohito
耳鼻咽喉科臨床　補冊 143(0), 117-126, 2015
… Production of IL-6, IP-10, I-TAC and IFN-β were measured by ELISA. … TLR3 mRNA and protein expression were detected by quantitative Real time-PCR and Western blot.Alternaria and poly I:C enhanced cell surface expression of MHC Class II, CD40, CD80, CD86 and OX40L, and IL-6 production in a concentration-dependent manner. …
NAID 130005084982

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リンク元	「ポリイノシン・シチジン」「ポリイノシン・ポリシチジン」
関連記事	「C」「I」「Id」「poly」「Cs」

「ポリイノシン・シチジン」

Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, sodium salt
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	poly[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate;
Clinical data
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Identifiers
CAS number	24939-03-5
ATC code	L03AX07
PubChem	CID 32744
Chemical data
Formula	(C10H10N4NaO7P)x • (C9H11N3NaO7P)x
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