pneumotaxic center

WordNet

1. of or belonging to neither the right nor the left politically or intellectually
2. a building dedicated to a particular activity; "they were raising money to build a new center for research" (同)centre
3. (American football) the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play; "it is a centers responsibility to get the football to the quarterback"
4. a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the jump that starts the game
5. the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game
6. a place where some particular activity is concentrated; "they received messages from several centers" (同)centre
7. the sweet central portion of a piece of candy that is enclosed in chocolate or some other covering (同)centre
8. the object upon which interest and attention focuses; "his stories made him the center of the party" (同)centre, center of attention, centre of attention
9. an area that is approximately central within some larger region; "it is in the center of town"; "they ran forward into the heart of the struggle"; "they were in the eye of the storm" (同)centre, middle, heart, eye
10. a point equidistant from the ends of a line or the extremities of a figure (同)centre, midpoint
11. a cluster of nerve cells governing a specific bodily process; "in most people the speech center is in the left hemisphere" (同)centre, nerve_center, nerve centre
12. (football) the person who plays center on the line of scrimmage and snaps the ball to the quarterback; "the center fumbled the handoff" (同)snapper
13. (basketball) the person who plays center on a basketball team
14. (ice hockey) the person who plays center on a hockey team
15. politically moderate persons; centrists
16. the middle of a military or naval formation; "they had to reinforce the center"
17. move into the center; "That vase in the picture is not centered" (同)centre
18. equally distant from the extremes (同)halfway, middle, midway
19. a fractional monetary unit of several countries
20. (American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back; "the quarterback fumbled the snap" (同)snap
21. being or placed in the center

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉『セント』(1ドルの1/100;米国・カナダの貨幣単位;《略》￠) / 〈C〉1セント銅貨 / 〈U〉(単位としての)100
2. 中軸(中心)を持つ

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/03 19:01:24」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

The pneumotaxic center, also known as the pontine respiratory group (PRG), is a network of neurons in the rostral dorsal lateral pons. It consists of the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus and the medial parabrachial nucleus. It is considered an antagonist to the apneustic center, which produces abnormal breathing during inhalation. It limits inspiration.

Respiratory effects

The PRG antagonizes the apneustic center, cyclically inhibiting inhalation. The PRG limits the burst of action potentials in the phrenic nerve, effectively decreasing the tidal volume and regulating the respiratory rate. Absence of the PRG results in an increase in depth of respiration and a decrease in respiratory rate.

The PRG regulates the amount of air a person can take into the body in each breath. The dorsal respiratory group has rhythmic bursts of activity that are constant in duration and interval. When we need to breathe faster, the PRG tells the dorsal respiratory group to speed up. When we need longer breaths the bursts of activity are elongated. All the information that our body uses to help us breath happens in the pneumotaxic center. If this was damaged or in any way harmed it would make breathing on our own almost impossible. One study on this subject was on anesthetized paralyzed cats before and after bivagotomy. Ventilation was monitored in awake and anesthetized cats breathing air or CO2. Ventilation was monitored both before and after lesions to the pneumotaxic center region and after subsequent bilateral vagotomy. Cats with pontine lesions had a prolonged inhalation duration. In cats, after anaesthesia and bivagotomy, pontine transection has been described as evoking a long sustained inspiratory discharges interrupted by short expiratory pauses. In rats on the other hand, after anaesthesia, bivagotomy and pontine transection, this breathing pattern was not observed, either in vivo or in vitro. These results suggest interspecies differences between rat and cat in the pontine influences on the medullary respiratory generator.

References

Further reading

• Levitzky, Michael G. (2002). Pulmonary Physiology (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 193–4. ISBN 0-07-138765-X. 
• Costanzo, Linda S. (2006). Physiology (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-4160-2320-3. 
• Shannon, Roger; Baekey, David M.; Morris, Kendall F.; Nuding, Sarah C.; Segers, Lauren S.; Lindsey, Bruce G. (2004). "Pontine respiratory group neuron discharge is altered during fictive cough in the decerebrate cat". Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. 142 (1): 43–54. doi:10.1016/j.resp.2004.05.002. PMID 15351303. 

External links

• Description at vcu.edu
• "Control of Breathing". 

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 濾胞性リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、診断、および予後 clinical manifestations pathologic features diagnosis and prognosis of follicular lymphoma
• 2. 原発性皮膚濾胞中心リンパ腫 primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma
• 3. 成人における骨髄異形成症候群の予後 prognosis of the myelodysplastic syndromes in adults
• 4. 濾胞性リンパ腫の病理生物学 pathobiology of follicular lymphoma
• 5. 原発性皮膚大細胞型B細胞性リンパ腫、下肢型 primary cutaneous large b cell lymphoma leg type

English Journal

• [Distribution of GABAergic neurons in pneumotaxic center nuclei in the early postnatal period in norm and in prenatal deficiency of serotoninergic system in rats].

• Khozhai LI.
• Morfologii͡a (Saint Petersburg, Russia).Morfologiia.2015;147(1):9-14.
• The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of GABAergic neurons in pneumotaxic center structures (parabrachial complex medial subnucleus and Kölliker-Fuse nucleus) in norm and in deficiency of serotoninergic system during the prenatal period of development in Wistar rats. Reduction of
• PMID 25958722

• Breathing and the nervous system.

• Urfy MZ1, Suarez JI2.
• Handbook of clinical neurology.Handb Clin Neurol.2014;119:241-50. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4086-3.00017-5.
• Breathing requires complex interactions of the central and peripheral nervous systems with the respiratory system. It involves cortical (volitional) as well as subcortical (automatic) output. Cortical output is mainly through the corticospinal tract, whereas the brainstem sends signals via the retic
• PMID 24365300

Japanese Journal

• NMDA receptor-mediated inspiratory off-switching in pneumotaxic-disconnected cats

• Neuroscience research : the official journal of the Japan Neuroscience Society 32(4), 323-331, 1998-12-01
• NAID 10006163692

• 橋呼吸調節中枢の機能 ―特に延髄腹側呼吸性ニューロン群(VRG)の橋への軸索投射様式について―

• 1990-08-01
• NAID 120001796782

Related Links

• pneumotaxic center - definition of pneumotaxic center in the ...

center /cen·ter/ (sen´ter) 1. the middle point of a body. 2. a collection of neurons in the central nervous system that are concerned with performance of a particular function. accelerating center the part of the vasomotor center involved ...

• Pneumotaxic center - wikidoc

The pneumotaxic center, also known as the pontine respiratory group (PRG), is a network of neurons in the rostral dorsal lateral pons. It consists of the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus and the medial parabrachial nucleus. [1] The PRG ...

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「呼吸調節中枢」
関連記事	「center」

「呼吸調節中枢」

　　[★]

英

pneumotaxic center

同

ラムズデン中枢 Lumsden center

関

橋

「center」

　　[★]

• n.

• センター、中心、中央、中枢、中央に置く

関

central、centre、centro、centrum、hub、medial、middle