血漿タンパク質
WordNet
- (physical chemistry) a fourth state of matter distinct from solid or liquid or gas and present in stars and fusion reactors; a gas becomes a plasma when it is heated until the atoms lose all their electrons, leaving a highly electrified collection of nuclei and free electrons; "particles in space exist in the form of a plasma"
- a green slightly translucent variety of chalcedony used as a gemstone
- the colorless watery fluid of the blood and lymph that contains no cells, but in which the blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes) are suspended (同)plasm, blood_plasma
- any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
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- (また『blood plasma』)血漿,リンパ漿 / 原形質
- 蛋白(たんばく)質
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/11/15 17:13:30」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Plasma proteins, also termed serum proteins or blood proteins, are proteins present in blood plasma. They serve many different functions, including transport of lipids, hormones, vitamins and minerals in the circulatory system and the regulation of acellular activity and functioning of the immune system. Other blood proteins act as enzymes, complement components, protease inhibitors or kinin precursors. Contrary to popular belief, hemoglobin is not a blood protein, as it is carried within red blood cells, rather than in the blood serum.
Serum albumin accounts for 55% of blood proteins, and is a major contributor to maintaining the osmotic pressure of plasma to assist in the transport of lipids and steroid hormones. Globulins make up 38% of blood proteins and transport ions, hormones, and lipids assisting in immune function. Fibrinogen comprises 7% of blood proteins; conversion of fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin is essential for blood clotting. The remainder of the plasma proteins (1%) are regulatory proteins, such as enzymes, proenzymes, and hormones. All blood proteins are synthesized in liver except for the gamma globulins.
Separating serum proteins by electrophoresis is a valuable diagnostic tool as well as a way to monitor clinical progress. Current research regarding blood plasma proteins is centered on performing proteomics analyses of serum/plasma in the search for biomarkers. These efforts started with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis[1] efforts in the 1970s and in more recent times this research has been performed using LC-tandem MS[2][3] based proteomics. The normal laboratory value of serum total protein is around 7 g/dL.
Families of blood proteins:-
Blood protein |
Normal level |
% |
Function |
Albumins |
3.5-5.0 g/dl[citation needed] |
55% |
maintains colloid osmotic pressure; create oncotic pressure and transport insoluble molecules |
Globulins |
2.0-2.5 g/dl[citation needed] |
38% |
participate in immune system |
Fibrinogen |
0.2-0.45 g/dl[citation needed] |
7% |
Blood coagulation |
Regulatory proteins |
|
<1%[citation needed] |
Regulation of gene expression |
Clotting factors |
|
<1%[citation needed] |
Conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin |
Examples of specific blood proteins:-
- Prealbumin (Transthyretin)
- Alpha 1 antitrypsin (neutralizes trypsin that has leaked from the digestive system)
- Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein
- Alpha 1 fetoprotein
- alpha2-macroglobulin
- Gamma globulins
- Beta-2 microglobulin
- Haptoglobin
- Ceruloplasmin
- Complement component 3
- Complement component 4
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL)
- Transferrin
- Prothrombin
- MBL or MBP
Notes
- ^ Anderson NL and Anderson NG (1977). "High Resolution Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis of Human Plasma Proteins". Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences 74 (12): 5421–5425. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5421. PMC 431746. PMID 271964.
- ^ Adkins JN; et al. (2002). "Toward a human blood serum proteome: analysis by multidimensional separation coupled with mass spectrometry". Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 1 (12): 947–955. doi:10.1074/mcp.M200066-MCP200. PMID 12543931.
- ^ Jacobs JM; et al. (2005). "Utilizing human blood plasma for proteomic biomarker discovery". Journal of Proteome Research 4 (4): 1073–1085. doi:10.1021/pr0500657. PMID 16083256.
References
- Clinical Chemistry : a laboratory perspective / [edited by] Wendy Arneson, Jean Brickell.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Influence of dietary components on Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease mediated gluten degradation.
- Montserrat V1, Bruins MJ2, Edens L2, Koning F3.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 May 1;174:440-5. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.053. Epub 2014 Nov 14.
- Celiac disease (CD) is caused by intolerance to gluten. Oral supplementation with enzymes like Aspergillus niger propyl-endoprotease (AN-PEP), which can hydrolyse gluten, has been proposed to prevent the harmful effects of ingestion of gluten. The influence of meal composition on AN-PEP activity was
- PMID 25529703
- Molecular responses of radiation-induced liver damage in rats.
- Cheng W1, Xiao L1, Ainiwaer A1, Wang Y1, Wu G1, Mao R1, Yang Y1, Bao Y1.
- Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2015 Apr;11(4):2592-600. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3051. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
- The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular responses involved in radiation‑induced liver damage (RILD). Sprague‑Dawley rats (6‑weeks‑old) were irradiated once at a dose of 20 Gy to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The rats were then sacrificed 3 days and 1, 2, 4
- PMID 25483171
Japanese Journal
- Evaluation of hypothermia on the in vitro metabolism and binding and in vivo disposition of midazolam in rats
- レチノール結合タンパク質群によるビタミンAの輸送,貯蔵,代謝の調節とその意義
Related Links
- plas·ma pro·teins dissolved proteins (>100) of blood plasma, mainly albumins and globulins (normally 6-8 g/100 mL); they hold fluid in blood vessels by osmosis and include antibodies and blood-clotting proteins. Synonym(s): serum ...
- Plasma proteins- Chemistry, functions and clinical significance ... Transcript of "Plasma proteins" 1. Biochemistry For Medicswww.namrata.co Biochemistry For Medics 7/11/2012 1 2.