perforant path

• 貫通線維 perforant fiber、perforant pathway

WordNet

1. exactly suited to the occasion; "a pat reply"
2. the sound made by a gentle blow (同)rap, tap
3. completely or perfectly; "he has the lesson pat"; "had the system down pat"
4. a way especially designed for a particular use
5. an established line of travel or access (同)route, itinerary
6. a line or route along which something travels or moves; "the hurricane demolished houses in its path"; "the track of an animal"; "the course of the river" (同)track, course

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (愛情・賞賛などを表して手のひらで)…‘を'『軽くたたく』,ポンとたたく / (へらなどで)(…の形に)…‘を'軽くたたいて整える《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / 『軽くたたくこと』 / その音 / (バターなどの)小さいかたまり《+『of』+『名』》
2. きっちりした,ぴってりの / きっちりに,ぴったりと
3. patent / patented
4. (自然にできた)『小道』,細道;庭内の道 / (人・物の)『通り道』,通路・進路,軌道《+『of』+『名』》 / (行動の方針としての)(の)道《+『of』+『名』》)への)道程《+『to』+『名』》
5. とうちゃん(papa)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/06 03:24:11」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Brain: Perforant path
Diagram of hippocampal regions. DG: Dentate gyrus. Perforant path not labeled, but would arise from the right.
Latin	Tractus perforans
NeuroNames	hier-2686

In the brain, the perforant pathway provides a connectional route from the entorhinal cortex to all fields of the hippocampal formation, including the dentate gyrus, all CA fields (including CA1), and the subiculum.

Though it arises mainly from entorhinal layers II and III, the perforant path comprises a smaller component that originates in deep layers V and VI. There is a major dichotomy with respect to the laminar origin and related terminal distribution: neurons in layer II (and possibly layer VI) project to the dentate gyrus and CA3, whereas layer III (and possibly layer V) cells project to CA1 and the subiculum via the temporoammonic pathway.

In addition to playing a role in spatial memory learning generally, the temporoammonic branch (TA-CA1) of the perforant path mediates spatial memory consolidation. The temporoammonic pathway has also been implicated in stress-based animal models of Depression (mood).

It may also play a role in temporal lobe seizures.

In rats

In rats, pyramidal and stellate cells in layer II of entorhinal cortex project through the subiculum of the hippocampus, giving rise to the name "perforant pathway". These glutamatergic fibers form a laminar pattern and terminate in the dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) region of the hippocampus. Fibers arising in the lateral portions of the entorhinal cortex show enkephalin immunoreactivity, whereas medial portions appear to contain cholecystokinin. Additionally, pyramidal cells in layer III of the entorhinal cortex send topographic projections along the perforant pathway which branch into the subiculum and CA1.

In mice

In mice, the projection to CA1, and the subiculum all come primarily from EC layer III.^{[citation needed]}

According to Suh et al. (2011 Science 334:1415) the projection to CA3 and dentate gyrus in mice is primarily from layer II of entorhinal cortex, and forms a trisynaptic path with hippocampus (dentate gyrus to CA3 to CA1), distinguished from the direct (monosynaptic) perforant path from Layer III of entorhinal cortex to CA1 and subiculum.

References

• Shepherd, GM. The Synaptic Organization of the Brain. New York: Oxford University Press. 1998.

External links

• http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_07/a_07_cl/a_07_cl_tra/a_07_cl_tra.html

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Relationships between hippocampal microstructure, metabolism, and function in early Alzheimer's disease.

• Yakushev I, Gerhard A, Muller MJ, Lorscheider M, Buchholz HG, Schermuly I, Weibrich C, Hammers A, Stoeter P, Schreckenberger M, Fellgiebel A.SourceDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany, igor.yakushev@uni-mainz.de.
• Brain structure & function.Brain Struct Funct.2011 Sep;216(3):219-26. Epub 2011 Feb 13.
• Abnormal microstructural integrity and glucose metabolism of the hippocampus are common in subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) that typically manifest as episodic memory impairment. The above-tissue alterations can be captured in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and positron emission tom
• PMID 21318476

• Electrical stimulation-induced seizures in rats: A "dose-response" study on resultant neurodegeneration.

• Norwood BA, Bauer S, Wegner S, Hamer HM, Oertel WH, Sloviter RS, Rosenow F.SourceDepartment of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany Departments of Pharmacology and Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.
• Epilepsia.Epilepsia.2011 Sep;52(9):e109-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03159.x. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
• Perforant pathway stimulation (PPS) is used to study temporal lobe epilepsy in rodents. High-frequency PPS induces acute seizures, which can lead to neuron death and spontaneous epilepsy. However, the minimum duration of PPS that induces neurodegeneration in naive rodents is unknown. Freely moving S
• PMID 21740421

Japanese Journal

• Therapeutic Potentials of an Artificial Oxygen-Carrier, Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin, for Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cerebral Dysfunction in Rats

• Kakehata Jin,Yamaguchi Taku,Togashi Hiroko,Sakuma Ichiro,Otani Hiroshi,Morimoto Yuji,Yoshioka Mitsuhiro
• Journal of Pharmacological Sciences advpub(0), 1009090446, 2010
• … Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in the perforant path–dentate gyrus synapses and anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated plus-maze test were evaluated as indices of cerebral functional outcomes in the rat with two-vessel occlusion (2VO), which was induced by 10-min clamping of bilateral common carotid arteries. …
• NAID 130000336308

• 新規性検出機能をもつ系列学習モデルの数値実験(BCI/BMIとその周辺)

• 印南 雄太郎,岩井 俊哉
• 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. NC, ニューロコンピューティング 109(280), 47-52, 2009-11-05
• 嗅内皮質(EC)・CA1領域・CA3領域・trisynaptic pathwayおよびECからCA1領域への直接の貫通路からなる海馬の機能に関する仮定と実験事実を考慮して、次の機能を持つ系列学習モデルを提案する。i)新規系列情報がECからCA3領域に入力されたとき、比較器としてのCA1領域がCA3回帰性側枝にあるシナプス可塑性でその系列の学習をさせ、学習過程の完了をコントロールする。ii)既知の系 …
• NAID 110007521498

Related Links

• Perforant path - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In the brain, the perforant pathway provides a connectional route from the entorhinal cortex to all fields of the hippocampal formation, including the dentate gyrus, all CA fields (including CA1), and the subiculum. Though it arises mainly from ...

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リンク元	「perforant fiber」「貫通路」
拡張検索	「perforant pathway」
関連記事	「path」

「perforant fiber」

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貫通線維

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perforant path

「貫通路」

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英

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英

perforant path

「perforant pathway」

　　[★]

貫通線維路

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perforant path

「path」

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• n.

• パス、通路、通り道、進路、方針

関

lane、policy