WordNet
- mended usually clumsily by covering a hole with a patch; "patched jeans"
- having spots or patches (small areas of contrasting color or texture); "a field patched with ice and snow"; "the wall had a spotty speckled effect"; "a black-and-white spotted cow" (同)spotty, spotted
- provide with a patch; also used metaphorically; "The field was patched with snow"
- mend by putting a patch on; "patch a hole" (同)patch up
- a piece of cloth used as decoration or to mend or cover a hole
- a short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer program
- to join or unite the pieces of; "patch the skirt" (同)piece
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (補修・補強のための)『つぎ当て』;当て布;当て板,当て金;(アップリケで縫いつけた)布切れ / (傷口などを覆う)『傷当て』 / (色などが周囲と区別できる)(…の)まだら,班点;断片,破片《+『of』+『名』》 / 小さな地面(畑) / (補修・補強のために)…‘に'『つぎ当てる』;(装飾のために)…‘に'当て布をする / …‘を'つぎ合わせて作る
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/06/29 02:40:39」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
patched 1 |
Identifiers |
Symbol |
PTCH1 |
Alt. symbols |
NBCCS, PTCH |
Entrez |
5727 |
HUGO |
9585 |
OMIM |
601309 |
RefSeq |
NM_000264 |
UniProt |
Q13635 |
Other data |
Locus |
Chr. 9 q22.1q31 |
patched 2 |
Identifiers |
Symbol |
PTCH2 |
Entrez |
8643 |
HUGO |
9586 |
OMIM |
603673 |
RefSeq |
NM_003738 |
UniProt |
Q9Y6C5 |
Other data |
Locus |
Chr. 1 p34.1 |
Patched (Ptc) is a conserved 12-pass transmembrane protein receptor that plays an obligate negative regulatory role in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in insects and vertebrates. Patched is an essential gene in embryogenesis that is important for proper segmentation in the fly embryo, mutations in which may be embryonic lethal. Patched functions as the receptor for the Hedgehog protein [1] and controls its spatial distribution, in part via endocytosis of bound Hedgehog protein, which is then targeted for lysosomal degradation.[2]
Contents
- 1 Discovery
- 2 Role in hedgehog signaling
- 3 Role in disease
- 4 References
Discovery
The original mutations in the ptc gene were discovered in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster by 1995 Nobel Laureates Eric F. Wieschaus and Christiane Nusslein-Volhard and colleagues, and the gene was independently cloned in 1989 by Joan Hooper in the laboratory of Matthew P. Scott, and by Philip Ingham and colleagues.
Role in hedgehog signaling
Patched is part of a negative feedback mechanism for hedgehog signaling that helps shape the spatial gradient of signaling activity across tissues. In the absence of hedgehog, low levels of patched are sufficient to suppress activity of the signal transduction pathway. When hedgehog is present, its cholesterol moiety binds to the sterol-sensing domain in patched, which then inhibits the activity of smoothened. Smoothened is a G protein-coupled receptor, most of which is stored in membrane bound vesicles internally within the cell and which increases at the cell surface when hedgehog is present. Smoothened must be present on the cell membrane in order for the Hedgehog signaling pathway to be activated. Among other genes, the transcription of the patched gene is induced by hedgehog signaling, with the accumulation of the patched protein limiting signaling through the Smoothened protein. Recent work implicates the cilium in intracellular trafficking of hedgehog signaling components in vertebrate cells.
Role in disease
Mutated patched proteins have been implicated in a number of cancers including Basal Cell Carcinoma, Medulloblastoma, and Rhabdomyosarcoma.[3] Hereditary mutations in the human patched homolog PTCH1 cause autosomal dominant Gorlin syndrome, which consists of overgrowth and hereditary disposition to cancer including basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma. Mice with mutations in mouse PTCH1 develop medulloblastoma.
References
- ^ Ingham PW, Taylor AM, Nakano Y (1991). "Role of the Drosophila patched gene in positional signalling". Nature 353 (6340): 184–7. doi:10.1038/353184a0. PMID 1653906.
- ^ Torroja C, Gorfinkiel N, Guerrero I (2004). "Patched controls the Hedgehog gradient by endocytosis in a dynamin-dependent manner, but this internalization does not play a major role in signal transduction". Development 131 (10): 2395–408. doi:10.1242/dev.01102. PMID 15102702.
- ^ Pasca di Magliano M, Hebrok M (2003). "Hedgehog signalling in cancer formation and maintenance". Nat. Rev. Cancer 3 (12): 903–11. doi:10.1038/nrc1229. PMID 14737121.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Anatomical and functional connections between the locus coeruleus and the nucleus tractus solitarius in neonatal rats.
- Lopes LT1, Patrone LG1, Li KY2, Imber AN2, Graham CD2, Gargaglioni LH1, Putnam RW3.
- Neuroscience.Neuroscience.2016 Jun 2;324:446-68. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.036. Epub 2016 Mar 19.
- This study was designed to investigate brain connections among chemosensitive areas in newborn rats. Rhodamine beads were injected unilaterally into the locus coeruleus (LC) or into the caudal part of the nucleus tractus solitarius (cNTS) in Sprague-Dawley rat pups (P7-P10). Rhodamine-labeled neuron
- PMID 27001176
- Unusual clinical course after surgical repair of unruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva.
- Sato Y1, Kawasaki T2, Yamano M2,3, Honda S2, Harimoto K2, Miki S2, Kamitani T2, Matoba S3.
- Journal of medical ultrasonics (2001).J Med Ultrason (2001).2016 May 21. [Epub ahead of print]
- Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are characterized by dilatation of at least one of the three aortic sinuses. We experienced a case with unruptured aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva, in which serial imaging studies were useful in assessing a rare complication after surgical repair. An asympt
- PMID 27209286
- Plumbing, philosophy and psychiatry.
- Rosenman S1.
- Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists.Australas Psychiatry.2016 May 18. pii: 1039856216649769. [Epub ahead of print]
- OBJECTIVES: To briefly examine shortcomings in the foundation concepts that underlie theory and thought in contemporary psychiatry and to argue that these shortcomings mislead research and practice.CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatry stands on a complex of ideas and concepts that cannot be reduced to a satisfyi
- PMID 27194778
- Fluorescent supracolloidal polymer chains with quantum dots.
- Chae S1, Lee S, Kim K, Jang SW, Sohn BH.
- Chemical communications (Cambridge, England).Chem Commun (Camb).2016 May 11;52(38):6475-8. doi: 10.1039/c6cc01218c. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
- We demonstrate the fabrication of fluorescent supracolloidal chains functionalized with quantum dots, which were polymerized from patched micelles of diblock copolymers by adjusting the polarity of the solvent. Supracolloidal random and block chains with green- and red-emitting quantum dots were als
- PMID 27101089
Japanese Journal
- 義歯誤飲による食道穿孔に対して胸腔鏡下手術を施行した1例
- 村瀬 秀明,大野 玲,平岡 優,吉野内 聡,石場 俊之,上田 吉宏,円城寺 恩,小畑 満
- 日本腹部救急医学会雑誌 34(8), 1475-1479, 2014
- 症例は88歳,女性。義歯をつけたまま就寝し,翌朝義歯がなくなっていたため,誤飲を疑い外来を受診した。胸部単純X線で下縦隔に有鉤義歯を確認した。内視鏡で観察すると義歯の鉤が食道右壁に刺さっていた。鉗子による摘出を試みたが,さらに食道壁に食い込み,筋層が一部露出した。CTで皮下,縦隔および後腹膜に気腫を認め,食道穿孔と診断し,手術の方針とした。左側臥位として右胸壁にポートを留置した。超音波凝固切開装置 …
- NAID 130005062570
- Epicutaneous Administration of Papain Induces IgE and IgG Responses in a Cysteine Protease Activity-Dependent Manner
- Iida Hideo,Takai Toshiro,Hirasawa Yusuke,Kamijo Seiji,Shimura Sakiko,Ochi Hirono,Nishioka Izumi,Maruyama Natsuko,Ogawa Hideoki,Okumura Ko,Ikeda Shigaku
- Allergology International 63(2), 219-226, 2014
- … Methods: Papain and Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease were patched on the backs of hairless mice. … Results: Papain and V8 protease patched on the backs of hairless mice caused skin barrier dysfunction and increased serum total IgE levels, and papain induced the production of papain-specific IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b. …
- NAID 130004477213
- 道元禅師の「まだらなる袈裟」について (曹洞宗総合研究センター学術大会紀要(第14回))
- 両眼開放で日常視を行う事が困難な患者に対する単眼視眼鏡の選定
- 山崎 幸加,麓 智比呂,松森 礼子,石井 祐子,若倉 雅登,井上 賢治
- 日本視能訓練士協会誌 42(0), 89-96, 2013
- <B>【目的】</B>プリズム眼鏡では矯正困難な複視や、片眼の大幅な視力低下や歪視などにより両眼開放で見ることが困難な症例に対し、単眼視眼鏡の選定を行った結果を報告すること。<BR><B>【方法】</B>両眼開放で見ることに困難を訴えた49例に対し、専用レンズであるOCLUA<SUP>®</SUP>や漸増遮閉膜を試 …
- NAID 130004822842
Related Links
- Patched (Ptc) is a conserved 12-pass transmembrane protein receptor that plays an obligate negative regulatory role in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in insects and vertebrates. Patched is an essential gene in embryogenesis that ...
- Patched definition, a small piece of material used to mend a tear or break, to cover a hole, or to strengthen a weak place: patches at the elbows of a sports jacket. See more. Thesaurus Translate Puzzles & Games Reference ...
- Translations of patched. patched synonyms, patched antonyms. Information about patched in the free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. patched jeans patched - definition of patched by The Free Dictionary http://www ...
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