海馬傍回
- 関
- gyrus parahippocampalis、parahippocampal
WordNet
- a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain (同)convolution
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/15 00:51:08」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Parahippocampal gyrus |
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Human brain seen from below. Parahippocampal gyrus shown in blue
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Medial view of left cerebral hemisphere. Parahippocampal gyrus shown in orange.
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| Details |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
gyrus parahippocampalis |
| MeSH |
A08.186.211.577.710 |
| NeuroLex ID |
Parahippocampal gyrus |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
g_13/14816442 |
| TA |
A14.1.09.234 |
| FMA |
61918 |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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The parahippocampal gyrus (Syn. hippocampal gyrus)[1] is a grey matter cortical region of the brain that surrounds the hippocampus and is part of the limbic system. This region plays an important role in memory encoding and retrieval.
It has been involved in some cases of hippocampal sclerosis.[2]
Asymmetry has been observed in schizophrenia.[3]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 2.1 Scene recognition
- 2.2 Social context
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Structure
The anterior part of the gyrus includes the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices[citation needed].
The term parahippocampal cortex is used to refer to an area that encompasses both the posterior parahippocampal gyrus and the medial portion of the fusiform gyrus.
Function
Scene recognition
The parahippocampal place area (PPA) is a sub-region of the parahippocampal cortex that lies medially in the inferior temporo-occipital cortex. PPA plays an important role in the encoding and recognition of environmental scenes (rather than faces). fMRI studies indicate that this region of the brain becomes highly active when human subjects view topographical scene stimuli such as images of landscapes, cityscapes, or rooms (i.e. images of "places"). Furthermore, according to work by Pierre Mégevand et al. in 2014, stimulation of the region via intracranial electrodes yields intense topographical visual hallucinations of places and situations.[4] The region was first described by Russell Epstein (currently at the University of Pennsylvania) and Nancy Kanwisher (currently at MIT) in 1998,[5] see also other similar reports by Geoffrey Aguirre[6][7] and Alumit Ishai.[8]
Damage to the PPA (for example, due to stroke) often leads to a syndrome in which patients cannot visually recognize scenes even though they can recognize the individual objects in the scenes (such as people, furniture, etc.). The PPA is often considered the complement of the fusiform face area (FFA), a nearby cortical region that responds strongly whenever faces are viewed, and that is believed to be important for face recognition.
Social context
Additional research has suggested that the right parahippocampal gyrus in particular has functions beyond the contextualizing of visual background. Tests by a California-based group led by Katherine P. Rankin indicate that the lobe may play a crucial role in identifying social context as well, including paralinguistic elements of verbal communication.[9] For example, Rankin's research suggests that the right parahippocampal gyrus enables people to detect sarcasm.
Additional images
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Animation. Parahippocampal gyrus shown red.
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Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. Parahippocampal gyrus shown in orange.
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Human brain inferior-medial view. Parahippocampal gyrus labelled as #5
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Coronal section. Parahippocampal gyrus labelled at bottom center.
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Coronal section of hippocampus. Parahippocampal gyrus labelled at bottom.
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Basal view of a human brain.
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Basal view of a human brain. Parahippocampal gyrus shown in yellow.
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Close up of parahippocampal gyrus.
References
- ^ Reuter P.: Der Grobe Reuter Springer Universalworterbuch Medizin, Pharmakologie Und Zahnmedizin: Englisch-deutsch (Band 2), Birkhäuser, 2005, ISBN 3-540-25102-2, p. 648 here online
- ^ Ferreira NF, de Oliveira V, Amaral L, Mendonça R, Lima SS (September 2003). "Analysis of parahippocampal gyrus in 115 patients with hippocampal sclerosis". Arq Neuropsiquiatr 61 (3B): 707–11. doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2003000500001. PMID 14595469.
- ^ McDonald B, Highley JR, Walker MA, et al. (January 2000). "Anomalous asymmetry of fusiform and parahippocampal gyrus gray matter in schizophrenia: A postmortem study". Am J Psychiatry 157 (1): 40–7. PMID 10618011.
- ^ Mégevand, P, Groppe, DM, Goldfinger, MS, et al. Seeing Scenes: Topographic Visual Hallucinations Evoked by Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Parahippocampal Place Area. Journal of Neuroscience. 2014;34(16):5399–5405. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5202-13.2014.
- ^ "A cortical representation of the local visual environment : Abstract : Nature". Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ "The Parahippocampus Subserves Topographical Learning in Man -- Aguirre et al. 6 (6): 823 -- Cerebral Cortex". Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ "Neuron - An Area within Human Ventral Cortex Sensitive to "Building" Stimuli". Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ "Distributed representation of objects in the human ventral visual pathway — PNAS". Retrieved 2009-11-03.
- ^ Hurley, Dan (2008-06-03). "Katherine P. Rankin, a Neuropsychologist, Studies Sarcasm - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-11-03.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parahippocampal gyrus. |
- hier-146 at NeuroNames
- http://www2.umdnj.edu/~neuro/studyaid/Practical2000/Q35.htm
- Temporal-lobe.com An interactive diagram of the rat parahippocampal-hippocampal region
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Anatomy of the cerebral cortex of the human brain
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| Frontal lobe |
| Superolateral |
| Prefrontal |
- Superior frontal gyrus
- Middle frontal gyrus
- Inferior frontal gyrus: 11
- 47-Pars orbitalis
- Broca's area
- 44-Pars opercularis
- 45-Pars triangularis
- Superior frontal sulcus
- Inferior frontal sulcus
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| Precentral |
- Precentral gyrus
- Precentral sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
| Prefrontal |
- Superior frontal gyrus
- Medial frontal gyrus
- Paraterminal gyrus/Paraolfactory area
- Straight gyrus
- Orbital gyri/Orbitofrontal cortex
- Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
- Subcallosal area
- Olfactory sulcus
- Orbital sulcus
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| Precentral |
- Paracentral lobule
- Paracentral sulcus
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| Both |
- Primary motor cortex
- Premotor cortex
- Supplementary motor area
- Supplementary eye field
- Frontal eye fields
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| Parietal lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Superior parietal lobule
- Inferior parietal lobule
- 40-Supramarginal gyrus
- 39-Angular gyrus
- Parietal operculum
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| Medial/inferior |
- Paracentral lobule
- Precuneus
- Marginal sulcus
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| Both |
- Postcentral gyrus/primary somatosensory cortex
- Secondary somatosensory cortex
- Posterior parietal cortex
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| Occipital lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Occipital pole of cerebrum
- Lateral occipital gyrus
- Lunate sulcus
- Transverse occipital sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
- Visual cortex
- Cuneus
- Lingual gyrus
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| Temporal lobe |
| Superolateral |
- Transverse temporal gyrus/Auditory cortex
- Superior temporal gyrus
- Middle temporal gyrus
- Superior temporal sulcus
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| Medial/inferior |
- Fusiform gyrus
- Medial temporal lobe
- Inferior temporal gyrus
- Inferior temporal sulcus
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Interlobar
sulci/fissures |
| Superolateral |
- Central (frontal+parietal)
- Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
- Parieto-occipital
- Preoccipital notch
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| Medial/inferior |
- Medial longitudinal
- Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
- Collateral (temporal+occipital)
- Callosal sulcus
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| Limbic lobe |
| Parahippocampal gyrus |
- anterior
- Entorhinal cortex
- Perirhinal cortex
- Postrhinal cortex
- Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
- Prepyriform area
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| Cingulate cortex/gyrus |
- Subgenual area
- Anterior cingulate
- Posterior cingulate
- Isthmus of cingulate gyrus: Retrosplenial cortex
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| Hippocampal formation |
- Hippocampal sulcus
- Fimbria of hippocampus
- Dentate gyrus
- Rhinal sulcus
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| Other |
- Supracallosal gyrus
- Uncus
- Amygdala
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| Insular cortex |
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| General |
- Operculum
- Poles of cerebral hemispheres
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Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri.
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Papez circuit pathway
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| Diencephalon |
- Mammillary body → Mammillothalamic tract → Anterior nuclei of thalamus →
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| Telencephalon |
- Anterior limb of internal capsule → Cingulate gyrus → Cingulum → Parahippocampal gyrus → Entorhinal cortex → Perforant path → Hippocampus/Hippocampal formation (CA3 → CA1 → Subiculum) → Fornix →
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The dorsal prefrontal and dorsal anterior cingulate cortices exert complementary network signatures during encoding and retrieval in associative memory.
- Woodcock EA1, White R1, Diwadkar VA2.
- Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2015 Sep 1;290:152-60. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.04.050. Epub 2015 May 7.
- Cognitive control includes processes that facilitate execution of effortful cognitive tasks, including associative memory. Regions implicated in cognitive control during associative memory include the dorsal prefrontal (dPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Here we investigated the rela
- PMID 25960314
- Path Complexity in Virtual Water Maze Navigation: Differential Associations with Age, Sex, and Regional Brain Volume.
- Daugherty AM1, Yuan P1, Dahle CL1, Bender AR1, Yang Y1, Raz N1.
- Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991).Cereb Cortex.2015 Sep;25(9):3122-31. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu107. Epub 2014 May 23.
- Studies of human navigation in virtual maze environments have consistently linked advanced age with greater distance traveled between the start and the goal and longer duration of the search. Observations of search path geometry suggest that routes taken by older adults may be unnecessarily complex
- PMID 24860019
- Tunes stuck in your brain: The frequency and affective evaluation of involuntary musical imagery correlate with cortical structure.
- Farrugia N1, Jakubowski K2, Cusack R3, Stewart L4.
- Consciousness and cognition.Conscious Cogn.2015 Sep;35:66-77. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.04.020. Epub 2015 May 16.
- Recent years have seen a growing interest in the neuroscience of spontaneous cognition. One form of such cognition is involuntary musical imagery (INMI), the non-pathological and everyday experience of having music in one's head, in the absence of an external stimulus. In this study, aspects of INMI
- PMID 25978461
Japanese Journal
- When do negative and positive emotions modulate working memory performance?
- Osaka Mariko,Yaoi Ken,Minamoto Takehiro,Osaka Naoyuki
- Scientific reports 3, 2013-03-05
- … Significant activation was also found in the parahippocampal gyrus, albeit only after activation of the amygdala became comparable to that in the neutral RST. …
- NAID 120005593595
- アルツハイマー病者の認知機能と海馬傍回の萎縮度との関連についての基礎研究 : Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised（WMS-R）などの神経心理学的検査とVoxel-Based Specific Regional Analysis System for Alzheimer's Disease（VSRAD）を適用して
- 小海 宏之,加藤 佑佳,岸川 雄介,園田 薫,成本 迅,コウミ ヒロユキ,カトウ ユカ,キシカワ ユウスケ,ソノダ カオル,ナルモト ジン,Hiroyuki KOUMI,Yuka KATO,Yusuke KISHIKAWA,Kaoru SONODA,Jin NARUMOTO
- 花園大学社会福祉学部研究紀要 21, 85-95, 2013-03
- … This study aimed to obtain basic data for future studies regarding cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease by examining the relationship between their neuropsychological assessment scores and levels of parahippocampal-gyrus atrophy. … Their levels of parahippocampal-gyrus atrophy were also analyzed by performing brain MRI and VSRAD. …
- NAID 120005571285
- アルツハイマー病者の認知機能と海馬傍回の萎縮度との関連についての基礎研究 : Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised(WMS-R)などの神経心理学的検査とVoxel-Based Specific Regional Analysis System for Alzheimer's Disease(VSRAD)を適用して
- 小海 宏之,加藤 佑佳,岸川 雄介 [他],園田 薫,成本 迅
- 花園大学社会福祉学部研究紀要 21, 85-95, 2013-03
- 本研究は、アルツハイマー病者の神経心理学的検査値と海馬傍回の萎縮度との関連を検討することにより、アルツハイマー病者の認知機能に関する今後の研究の基礎資料を得ることを目的とする。対象はアルツハイマー病者33 名である。方法は対象者にMMSE、ADAS、CDT、TMT、WMS-R の神経心理学的検査を個別実施し、脳のMRI データおよびVSRAD を用いて海馬傍回の萎縮度などを解析した。その結果、アル …
- NAID 110009574849
Related Links
- par·a·hip·po·cam·pal gyrus (păr′ə-hĭp′ə-kăm′pəl) n. A long convolution located on the medial surface of the temporal lobe of the brain and forming the lower part of the gyrus fornicatus. Also called hippocampal gyrus. parahippocampal ...
- par·a·hip·po·cam·pal gyrus (păr′ə-hĭp′ə-kăm′pəl) n. A long convolution located on the medial surface of the temporal lobe of the brain and forming the lower part of the gyrus fornicatus. Also called hippocampal gyrus. parahippocampal ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- parahippocampal gyrus (N)
- ラ
- gyrus parahippocampalis
- 同
- 白皮質 white cortex
- 関
- 海馬、大脳溝
- 図：N.101
- 大脳半球を下から見たとき、正中面において正中面に一番近い溝(側副溝)より内側の回である。
[★]
海馬傍回
- 関
- parahippocampal、parahippocampal gyrus
[★]
- 関
- gyrus parahippocampalis、parahippocampal gyrus