関: paraganglia、paraganglionic

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/02/22 11:43:25」(JST)

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A paraganglion (pl. paraganglia) or chromaffin body is a small group of chromaphil cells in the abdomen. Paraganglia are connected with the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk and the ganglia of the celiac, renal, suprarenal, aortic and hypogastric plexuses. They are concentrated near the suprarenal glands and essentially function the same way as the suprarenal medulla.

They are sometimes found in connection with the ganglia of other sympathetic plexuses.

None have been found with the sympathetic ganglia associated with the branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Nonchromaffin paraganglia include aortic bodies and the carotid body.^[1]

Pathology

Tumors of the paraganlionic tissues are known as paragangliomas and can occur at a number of sites throughout the body. These may or may not be hormonally active. Paragangliomas of the skullbase and neck are often referred to as glomus tumors (glomus tympanicum, glomus jugulare, glomus vagale). Paragangliomas of the adrenal gland are known as pheochromocytomas. Hormonally active paragangliomas within the abdomen but outside the adrenal gland are sometimes referred to as extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas.

References

^ MeSH Paraganglia,+Nonchromaffin

External links

Paraganglion at eMedicine Dictionary

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.

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English Journal

Intraoperative hypertensive crisis secondary to an undiagnosed pheochromocytoma during orthognathic surgery: a case report.

Bouchard C1, Chiniara G2, Valcourt AC3.
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.J Oral Maxillofac Surg.2014 Apr;72(4):672-5. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.10.020. Epub 2013 Nov 9.
Increased blood pressure (BP) during orthognathic surgery may result in excessive blood loss, poor surgical field visualization, and longer surgical time and require blood transfusion. When uncontrollable high BP is encountered in an otherwise healthy patient during orthognathic surgery, the diagnos
PMID 24480765

Renal hilar paraganglioma: A case report.

Yehia ZA, Sayyid RK, Haydar AA.
World journal of radiology.World J Radiol.2014 Jan 28;6(1):15-7. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i1.15.
Paragangliomas are extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas that derive from chromaffin cells and arise along the sympathetic paraganglia in the body. In the majority of cases, they are secretory tumors and most commonly present with palpitations. Plasma metanephrines are the standard screening tests for mak
PMID 24578788

Tianeptine interferes with microtubule organization and hormone secretion of pheochromocytoma cells.

Makani V1, Hall J, Qamar K, Jain P, Jang Y, Hensley K, Park JJ.
Molecular and cellular endocrinology.Mol Cell Endocrinol.2013 Dec 5;381(1-2):175-87. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.07.033. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
Pheochromocytoma originates from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic paraganglia. 36-53% of pheochromocytoma becomes malignant and, thereafter, resistant to conventional treatments. Pheochromocytoma also causes hyper-secretion of catecholamines that cause severe hypertension. We
PMID 23933152