WordNet

the quantity contained in a box; "he gave her a box of chocolates" (同)boxful
evergreen shrubs or small trees (同)boxwood
a rectangular drawing; "the flowchart contained many boxes"
hit with the fist; "Ill box your ears!"
the drivers seat on a coach; "an armed guard sat in the box with the driver" (同)box_seat
private area in a theater or grandstand where a small group can watch the performance; "the royal box was empty" (同)loge
a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid; "he rummaged through a box of spare parts"
a blow with the hand (usually on the ear); "I gave him a good box on the ear"
any one of several designated areas on a ball field where the batter or catcher or coaches are positioned; "the umpire warned the batter to stay in the batters box"
separate partitioned area in a public place for a few people; "the sentry stayed in his box to avoid the cold"
put into a box; "box the gift, please" (同)package
engage in a boxing match
form a pair or pairs; "The two old friends paired off" (同)pair off, partner off, couple
a set of two similar things considered as a unit (同)brace
a poker hand with 2 cards of the same value
two people considered as a unit
arrange in pairs; "Pair these numbers" (同)geminate
occur in pairs (同)geminate
be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of complementary DNA
a sound or television recording (e.g., from a broadcast to a tape recording)
something written, especially copied from one medium to another, as a typewritten version of dictation (同)written text

PrepTutorEJDIC

『箱』 / (の…)『1箱』《+『of』+『名』》 / (劇場などの)さじき席ます席 / 番小屋,詰め所 / (野球で)バッターボックス;コーチャーズボックス;ピッチャーズマウンド;キャッチャーの定位置 / (線で囲った)四角のわく,囲み;(新聞・雑誌の) / (郵便の)私書箱 / 《the box》《英俗》テレビ / …'を'箱に入れる,箱詰めにする
〈C〉(平手・こぶしの)びんた,張り手,ひと打ち / 〈人〉‘と'ボクシングをする / …'を'平手で打つ,こぶしでなぐる / (…と)ボクシングをする《+『with』(『against』)+『名』》
〈C〉〈U〉ツゲ(常緑低木) / 〈U〉=boxwood
(二つで一つに用いられる物の)『組』,『対』《+『of』+『名』》 / (対になる部分からなる物の)『1個』《+『of』+『名』》 / 《集合的に》《複数扱い》夫婦,婚約中の男女;(動物の)つがい《+『of』+『名』》 / 《集合的に》《複数扱い》(同種または何かの関係のある物の)二人(二つ,2頭など)の組《+『of』+『名』》 / …‘を'二人(2個)ずつ組にする《+『名』+『off』(『up』),+『off』(『up』)+『名』》,(…と)…‘を'組にする《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)…‘を'結婚させる《+『名』+[『up』]『with』+『名』》 / 二人(2個)ずつ組になる《+『off』(『up』)》
(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行
〈U〉(…を)書き写す(書き直す)こと,(…の)転写,謄写《+of+名》 / 〈C〉写し(書き直し)[たもの] / 〈U〉〈C〉編曲[されたもの] / 〈U〉〈C〉(ラジオ・テレビの)録音(録画)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 先天性甲状腺機能低下症の臨床的特徴および検出 clinical features and detection of congenital hypothyroidism
2. 原発部位不明の神経内分泌腫瘍 neuroendocrine neoplasms of unknown primary site
3. 骨髄造血の制御 regulation of myelopoiesis
4. 自然免疫系の概要 an overview of the innate immune system
5. BおよびTリンパ球の正常な発生 normal b and t lymphocyte development

English Journal

SNP and haplotype analysis of paired box 3 (PAX3) gene provide evidence for association with growth traits in Chinese cattle.

Xu Y1, Cai H, Zhou Y, Shi T, Lan X, Zhang C, Lei C, Jia Y, Chen H.Author information 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China, xuyao554099364@163.com.AbstractPaired box 3 (PAX3) belongs to the PAX superfamily of transcription factors and plays essential roles in the embryogenesis and postnatal formation of limb musculature through affecting the survival of muscle progenitor cells. By genetic mapping, PAX3 gene is assigned in the interval of quantitative trait loci for body weight on bovine BTA2. The objectives of this study were to detect polymorphisms of PAX3 gene in 1,241 cattle from five breeds and to investigate their effects on growth traits. Initially, three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified by DNA pool sequencing and aCRS-RFLP methods (AC_000159: g.T-580G, g.A4617C and g.79018Ins/del G), which were located at 5'-UTR, exon 4 and intron 6, respectively. A total of eight haplotypes were constructed and the frequency of the three main haplotypes H1 (TAG), H2 (GCG) and H3 (GAG) accounted for over 81.7 % of the total individuals. Statistical analysis revealed that the three SNPs were associated with body height and body length of Nanyang and Chinese Caoyuan cattle at the age of 6 and/or 12 months old (P < 0.05), and consistently significant effects were also found in the haplotype combination analysis on these traits (P < 0.05). This study presented a complete scan of variations within bovine PAX3 gene, which could provide evidence for improving the economic traits of cattle by using these variations as potentially genetic markers in early marker-assisted selection programs.
Molecular biology reports.Mol Biol Rep.2014 Feb 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Paired box 3 (PAX3) belongs to the PAX superfamily of transcription factors and plays essential roles in the embryogenesis and postnatal formation of limb musculature through affecting the survival of muscle progenitor cells. By genetic mapping, PAX3 gene is assigned in the interval of quantitative
PMID 24570025

In vitro differentiation of adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural retinal cells through expression of human PAX6 (5a) gene.

Rezanejad H1, Soheili ZS, Haddad F, Matin MM, Samiei S, Manafi A, Ahmadieh H.Author information 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, ha.rezanejad@gmail.com.AbstractThe neural retina is subjected to various degenerative conditions. Regenerative stem-cell-based therapy holds great promise for treating severe retinal degeneration diseases, although many drawbacks remain to be overcome. One important problem is to gain authentically differentiated cells for replacement. Paired box 6 protein (5a) (PAX6 (5a)) is a highly conserved master control gene that has an essential role in the development of the vertebrate visual system. Human adipose-tissue-derived stem cell (hADSC) isolation was performed by using fat tissues and was confirmed by the differentiation potential of the cells into adipocytes and osteocytes and by their surface marker profile. The coding region of the human PAX6 (5a) gene isoform was cloned and lentiviral particles were propagated in HEK293T. The differentiation of hADSCs into retinal cells was characterized by morphological characteristics, quantitative real-time reverse transcription plus the polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) for some retinal cell-specific and retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell-specific markers. hADSCs were successfully isolated. Flow cytometric analysis of surface markers indicated the high purity (∼97 %) of isolated hADSCs. After 30 h of post-transduction, cells gradually showed the characteristic morphology of neuronal cells and small axon-like processes emerged. qPCR and ICC confirmed the differentiation of some neural retinal cells and RPE cells. Thus, PAX6 (5a) transcription factor expression, together with medium supplemented with fibronectin, is able to induce the differentiation of hADSCs into retinal progenitors, RPE cells and photoreceptors.
Cell and tissue research.Cell Tissue Res.2014 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print]
The neural retina is subjected to various degenerative conditions. Regenerative stem-cell-based therapy holds great promise for treating severe retinal degeneration diseases, although many drawbacks remain to be overcome. One important problem is to gain authentically differentiated cells for replac
PMID 24562376

Genetic analysis of the TBX1 gene promoter in indirect inguinal hernia.

Zhang Y1, Han Q1, Li C2, Li W1, Fan H1, Xing Q1, Yan B3.Author information 1Division of General Surgery, Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China.2Division of Electrocardiogram, Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China.3Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China. Electronic address: yanbo@mail.jnmc.edu.cn.AbstractInguinal hernia is a common disease, most cases of which are indirect inguinal hernia (IIH). Genetic factors play an important role for inguinal hernia. Increased incidences of inguinal hernia have been reported in patients with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome, which is mainly caused by TBX1 gene mutations. Thus, we hypothesized that altered TBX1 gene expression may contribute to IIH development. In this study, the human TBX1 gene promoter was genetically analyzed in children with IIH (n=100) and ethnic-matched controls (n=167). Functions of DNA sequence variants (DSVs) within the TBX1 gene promoter were examined in cultured human fibroblast cells. The results showed that two heterozygous DSVs were found, both of which were single nucleotide polymorphisms. One DSV, g.4248 C>T (rs41298629), was identified in a 2-year-old boy with right-sided IIH, but not in all controls, which significantly decreased TBX1 gene promoter activity. Another DSV, g.4199 C>T (rs41260844), was found in both IIH patients and controls with similar frequencies (P>0.05), which did not affect TBX1 gene promoter activity. Collectively, our data suggested that the DSV within the TBX1 gene promoter may change TBX1 level, contributing to IIH development as a rare risk factor. Underlying molecular mechanisms need to be established.
Gene.Gene.2014 Feb 10;535(2):290-3. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.012. Epub 2013 Dec 1.
Inguinal hernia is a common disease, most cases of which are indirect inguinal hernia (IIH). Genetic factors play an important role for inguinal hernia. Increased incidences of inguinal hernia have been reported in patients with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome, which is mainly caused by TBX1 gene mut
PMID 24295890

Japanese Journal

Prevention of Bone Loss after Ovariectomy in Mice with Preferential Overexpression of the Transcription Factor Paired Box-5 in Osteoblasts

, , [他], , , ,
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 36(3), 481-484, 2013
… We have recently shown that the transcription factor Paired box-5 (Pax5) promotes bone formation in vivo and osteoblastogenesis in vitro. …
NAID 130003382084

Effects of Growth Hormone on the Differentiation of Mouse B-Lymphoid Precursors

, ,
Journal of pharmacological sciences 97(3), 408-416, 2005-03-20
… Growth hormone (GH) has been known to enhance immune responses directly or through insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). … Furthermore, GH changed the expressions of transcription factors for B cell progenitors differentiation such as paired box gene-5 (Pax-5), immunoglobulin-associated-α (Ig-α)/CD79a, Ig-β/CD79b, and IGF-I. …
NAID 10025726963

Waardenburg 症候群 I 型 (WSI) 原因遺伝子の単離と2家族にみられた新しい PAX3 遺伝子変異

塚元和弘,新川詔夫
Otology Japan 6(2), 115-120, 1996-05-28
… The human paired-box homeotic gene 3 (<I>PA3</I>)3, a candidate for Waardenburg syndrome type I (WS I) was isolated by means of the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) procedure. …
NAID 10009318153