WordNet

send a message from one computer to another to check whether it is reachable and active; "ping your machine in the office"
a sharp high-pitched resonant sound (as of a sonar echo or a bullet striking metal)
contact, usually in order to remind of something; "Ill ping my accountant--April 15 is nearing"
hit with a pinging noise; "The bugs pinged the lamp shade"
make a short high-pitched sound; "the bullet pinged when they struck the car"
street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"
the 16th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)p

PrepTutorEJDIC

(小銃弾などの)ピュー(ブーン)という音 / ピュー(ブーン)と音がする
酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD
parking
phosphorusの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/08 11:22:32」(JST)

wiki en

Aminohippuric acid or para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), a derivative of hippuric acid, is a diagnostic agent useful in medical tests involving the kidney used in the measurement of renal plasma flow. It is an amide derivative of the amino acid glycine and para-aminobenzoic acid that is not naturally found in humans; it needs to be IV infused before use diagnostically.

Uses

Diagnostics

PAH is useful for the measurement of renal plasma flow because it is secreted primarily by the renal tubules; only 20-30% is filtered by the glomerulus.^[1] PAH is freely filtered from plasma in the glomerulus and not reabsorbed by the tubules, similar to inulin. PAH differs from inulin in that the fraction of PAH that bypasses the glomerulus and enters the nephron's tubular cells (via the peritubular capillaries) is completely secreted. Thus, through the above two mechanisms, PAH is completely filtered from the plasma reaching the nephron. For this reason, renal clearance of PAH is useful in calculation of renal plasma flow (RPF), which empirically is (1 − hematocrit) × renal blood flow. The clearance of PAH, however, is reflective only of RPF to portions of the kidney that deal with urine formation, and thus underestimates actual RPF by about 10%.^[2]

The renal extraction ratio of PAH in a normal individual is approximately 0.92.^[3]

Pharmaceuticals

Aminohippuric acid is often used as the sodium salt sodium para-aminohippurate. During World War II, para-aminohippurate was given along with penicillin in order to prolong the time penicillin circulated in the blood. Because both penicillin and para-aminohippurate compete for the same transporter in the kidney, administering para-aminohippurate with penicillin decreased the clearance of penicillin from the body by the kidney, providing better antibacterial therapy. Transporters found in the kidney eliminate organic anions and cations from the blood by moving substances, in this case, drug metabolites, from blood into urine.

Other

In vultures, the NSAID diclofenac, which is extraordinarily toxic to vultures, interferes with the renal transport of uric acid via the PAH channel.^[4]

pKa = 3.83

References

^ Phillips, R. A.; P. B. Hamilton (1948-02-29). "Effect of 20,60 and 120 minutes of renal ischemia on glomerular and tubular function" (PDF). Am J Physiol 152 (3): 523–30. ISSN 0002-9513. PMID 18863150. Retrieved 2008-03-20.
^ Costanzo, Linda. Physiology, 4th Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2007. Page 156-160.
^ Reubi, François C. (1953-04-29). "Glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and blood viscosity during and after diabetic coma". Circ. Res. 1 (5): 410–3. ISSN 0009-7330. PMID 13082682. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
^ Naidoo V, Swan GE (August 2008). "Diclofenac toxicity in Gyps vulture is associated with decreased uric acid excretion and not renal portal vasoconstriction". Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 149 (3): 269–74. doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.07.014. PMID 18727958.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 胎児の酸塩基の生理学 fetal acid base physiology
2. 神経管欠損予防のための葉酸 folic acid for prevention of neural tube defects
3. 疾患予防におけるビタミン補給 vitamin supplementation in disease prevention
4. 胃酸分泌の生理学 physiology of gastric acid secretion
5. バルプロ酸中毒 valproic acid poisoning

English Journal

A novel, simple and inexpensive procedure for the simultaneous determination of iopamidol and p-aminohippuric acid for renal function assessment from plasma samples in awake rats.

Rodríguez-Romero V1, González-Villalva KI2, Reyes JL3, Franco-Bourland RE4, Guízar-Sahagún G5, Castañeda-Hernández G1, Cruz-Antonio L6.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.J Pharm Biomed Anal.2015 Mar 25;107:196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.12.009. Epub 2015 Jan 3.
The purpose of the current study was to design, validate and implement a novel analytical method for the simultaneous plasma measurement of iopamidol and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) to estimate renal function in awake rats. A reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for
PMID 25594899

Renal human organic anion transporter 3 increases the susceptibility of lymphoma cells to bendamustine uptake.

Hagos Y1, Hundertmark P2, Shnitsar V2, Marada VV2, Wulf G3, Burckhardt G2.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2015 Feb 15;308(4):F330-8. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00467.2014. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
Chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) is often associated with nephritic syndrome. Effective treatment of CLL by chlorambucil and bendamustine leads to the restoration of renal function. In this contribution, we sought to elucidate the impact of organic anion transporters (OATs) on the uptake of bendamus
PMID 25477469

Renal Hemodynamic and Morphological Changes after 7 and 28 Days of Leptin Treatment: The Participation of Angiotensin II via the AT1 Receptor.

Thieme K1, Oliveira-Souza M1.
PloS one.PLoS One.2015 Mar 20;10(3):e0122265. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122265. eCollection 2015.
The role of hyperleptinemia in cardiovascular diseases is well known; however, in the renal tissue, the exact site of leptin's action has not been established. This study was conducted to assess the effect of leptin treatment for 7 and 28 days on renal function and morphology and the participation o
PMID 25793389

Japanese Journal

Determination of p-aminohippuric acid in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

FAN Hsien-Yuan,LIN Chang-Ching,PAO Li-Heng
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 878(19), 1643-1646, 2010-06-01
NAID 10028037667

Regulation of renal organic ion transporters in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and uremia in rats

Morisaki Takafumi,Matsuzaki Takanobu,Yokoo Koji,Kusumoto Masahiro,Iwata Kazufumi,Hamada Akinobu,Saito Hideyuki,モリサキタカフミ,マツザキタカノブ,ヨコオコウジ,クスモトマサヒロ,イワタカズフミ,ハマダアキノブ,サイトウヒデユキ,森崎崇文,松崎尊信,横尾浩司,楠本将裕,岩田一史,濱田哲暢,齋藤秀之
Pharmaceutical Research 25(11), 2526-2533, 2008-07-09
… Uptake of p-aminohippuric acid, estrone-3-sulfate and tetraethylammonium were examined using renal slices. …
NAID 120002469602

Simple HPLC-UV method for determination of iohexol, iothalamate p-aminohippuric acid and n-acetyl-p-aminohippuric acid in human plasma and urine with ERPF, GFR and ERPF/GFR ratio determination using colorimetric analysis

FARTHING Don,SICA Domenic A.,FAKHRY Itaf,LARUS Terri,GHOSH Sid,FARTHING Christine,VRANIAN Michael,GEHR Todd
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 826(1), 267-272, 2005-11-05
NAID 10017290522

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「パラアミノ馬尿酸」「p-aminohippurate sodium」「aminohippuric acid」
拡張検索	「p-aminohippuric acid clearance」
関連記事	「P」「aminohippuric acid」「ps」「p」

「パラアミノ馬尿酸」

Aminohippurate
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	2-[(4-Aminobenzoyl)amino]acetic acid
Clinical data
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	61-78-9 ; 94-16-6 (sodium salt)
ATC code	V04CH30
PubChem	CID: 2148
DrugBank	DB00345
ChemSpider	2063
UNII	Y79XT83BJ9
KEGG	D06890
ChEBI	CHEBI:104011
ChEMBL	CHEMBL463
NIAID ChemDB	019143
Synonyms	PAH, PAHA, Aminohippurate, 4-Aminohippuric acid , N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)glycine, para-Aminohippurate
Chemical data
Formula	C9H10N2O3
Molecular mass	194.19 g/mol
	SMILES O=C(c1ccc(N)cc1)NCC(=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C9H10N2O3/c10-7-3-1-6(2-4-7)9(14)11-5-8(12)13/h1-4H,5,10H2,(H,11,14)(H,12,13) ; Key:HSMNQINEKMPTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
(what is this?) (verify)