WordNet

composed of or containing bone; "osseous tissue" (同)osteal, bony
a flask that has two handles; used by Romans for wines or oils
the dilated portion of a canal or duct especially of the semicircular canals of the ear

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骨の,骨に似た

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/21 04:52:29」(JST)

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The bony semicircular canals are three in number, superior, posterior, and lateral, and are situated above and behind the vestibule. These canals are responsible for detecting angular acceleration of the head, and their orientation determines to which plane of rotation they are sensitive; for example, the horizontal canal picks up head rotation in the horizontal plane about the body's Y-axis. They are unequal in length, compressed from side to side, and each describes the greater part of a circle. Each measures about 0.8 mm. in diameter, and presents a dilatation at one end, called the osseous ampulla, which measures more than twice the diameter of the tube. Within an osseous ampulla there is a crista ampullaris, consisting of a thick gelatinous cap called a cupula and many hair cells. When the head rotates, the endolymph in the canals lags behind due to its inertia and acts on the cupula, which bends the cilia of the hair cells. This stimulation of the hair cells sends the message to the brain that angular acceleration is taking place. They open into the vestibule by five orifices, one of the apertures being common to two of the canals.

External links[edit]

http://www.bio.psu.edu/people/faculty/strauss/anatomy/nerv/innerear2.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10863/
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/175622/human-ear/65037/Vestibular-system?anchor=ref531828

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

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English Journal

A rapid approach to ultrastructural evaluation and DNA analysis of the vestibular labyrinth and ganglion in dogs and cats.

Parzefall B, Schmahl W, Blutke A, Baiker K, Matiasek K.Author information Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.AbstractThe vestibular labyrinth is the organ for sensation of equilibrium. It is part of the inner ear and located in the caudodorsal aspect of the temporal bone which makes it very difficult to access. This study evaluated a preparation technique in cats and dogs for morphological and DNA analysis. The study included 44 temporal bones of 14 cats and 11 dogs collected within 48h after death. Preparation was performed after peri-/endolymphatic injection of Fast-Green-FCF through the fenestra vestibuli to visualize the membranous labyrinth. The vestibular nerve, including its ganglion, and the vestibular labyrinth were exposed by drilling and cracking of the petrous temporal bone along the meatus acusticus internus. The posterior ampulla was collected for histology and transmission electron microscopy whereas the vestibular nerve, the utriculus, sacculus, and the lateral and anterior ampullae were harvested for subsequent DNA analysis. Histology and electron microscopy showed well-preserved cells. A total DNA amount of 4753+/-1502ng in cats and 5865+/-2911ng in dogs was retrieved from the ganglion, and 2390+/-561ng in cats and 2544+/-1277ng in dogs, respectively, from membranous vestibular organs. Polymerase chain reaction of a 229 base pair product of the Gapdh-gene proved for presence of amplifiable DNA. Taken together, mechanical bone removal after Fast-Green-FCF injection allows for reliable gross, microscopic and ultrastructural examination of the feline and canine vestibular labyrinth, and it does not interfere with DNA analysis via PCR. This technique is feasible for multimodal investigation of the vestibular labyrinth retrieved from individual necropsy cases.
Journal of neuroscience methods.J Neurosci Methods.2009 Feb 15;177(1):217-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.10.003. Epub 2008 Oct 17.
The vestibular labyrinth is the organ for sensation of equilibrium. It is part of the inner ear and located in the caudodorsal aspect of the temporal bone which makes it very difficult to access. This study evaluated a preparation technique in cats and dogs for morphological and DNA analysis. The st
PMID 18984005

Prenatal growth and development of the modern human labyrinth.

Jeffery N, Spoor F.Author information Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool, UK. njeffery@liverpool.ac.ukAbstractThe modern human bony labyrinth is morphologically distinct from that of all other primates, showing derived features linked with vestibular function and the overall shape of the cranial base. However, little is known of how this unique morphology emerges prenatally. This study examines in detail the developing fetal human labyrinth, both to document this basic aspect of cranial biology, and more specifically, to gain insight into the ontogenetic basis of its phylogenetically derived morphology. Forty-one post-mortem human fetuses, ranging from 9 to 29 weeks gestation, were investigated with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Quantitative analyses of the labyrinthine morphology revealed a number of interesting age-related trends. In addition, our findings show that: (1) the prenatal labyrinth attains an adult equivalent size between 17 and 19 weeks gestation; (2) within the period investigated, shape changes to all or most of the labyrinth cease after the 17-19-week size maturation point or after the otic capsule ossifies; (3) fetal cochlea development correlates with the surrounding petrosal morphology, but not with the midline basicranium; (4) gestational age-related rotations of the ampullae and cochlea relative to the lateral canal, and posterior canal torsion are similar to documented phylogenetic trends whereas other trends remain distinct. Findings are discussed in terms of the ontogenetic processes and mechanisms that most likely led, in part, to the emergence of the phylogenetically derived adult modern human labyrinth.
Journal of anatomy.J Anat.2004 Feb;204(2):71-92.
The modern human bony labyrinth is morphologically distinct from that of all other primates, showing derived features linked with vestibular function and the overall shape of the cranial base. However, little is known of how this unique morphology emerges prenatally. This study examines in detail th
PMID 15032915

Effect of parenteral aminoglycoside administration on dark cells in the crista ampullaris.

Cureoglu S, Schachern PA, Paparella MM.Author information Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.AbstractOBJECTIVE: To observe the early and late effects of the parenteral administration of aminoglycosides on the dark cells of ampullae in the inner ear.
Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery.Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.2003 Jun;129(6):626-8.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the early and late effects of the parenteral administration of aminoglycosides on the dark cells of ampullae in the inner ear.STUDY DESIGN: Comparative study of the histopathologic characteristic of human temporal bones.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-three temporal bones from 44 s
PMID 12810465

Japanese Journal

前庭受容器における3次元的相互作用 -前半規管と後半規管-

平川治男,鈴木衞,青木正則,原田康夫
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 88(6), 781-788, 1995-06-01
… The asc and the psc nerves were cut 3mm from the ampullae to prevent neural interaction between the two semicircular canals. … The crus of the asc was cut beside the common osseous crus. …
NAID 10005930701

「骨半規管膨大部」

Osseous ampullae
	Inner ear illustration showing semicircular canal, hair cells, ampulla, cupula, vestibular nerve, & fluid
	The membranous labyrinth.
Latin	ampullae osseae
Gray's	subject #232 1049