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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/21 07:58:31」(JST)
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| Occipitofrontalis |
|
| Latin |
Musculus occipitofrontalis |
| Gray's |
p.378 |
| Origin |
Two occipital bellies and two frontal bellies. |
| Insertion |
Galea aponeurotica |
| Artery |
Frontal belly: supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries
Occipital belly: Occipital artery |
| Nerve |
Facial nerve |
| Actions |
Raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead |
| Anatomical terms of muscle |
The occipitofrontalis muscle (epicranius muscle) is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone.[1] In humans, the occipitofrontalis only serves for facial expressions.[2]
Some sources consider the occipital and frontal belly to be two distinct muscles. However, Terminologia Anatomica currently classifies it as a single muscle, and also includes the temporoparietalis muscle as part of the epicranius.
The occipitofrontalis muscle receives blood from several arteries. The frontal belly receives blood from the supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries, while the occipital belly receives blood from the occipital artery.[3] The occipitofrontalis muscle is innervated by the facial nerve.[4]
Contents
- 1 Course
- 2 Action
- 3 Evolution
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Course
Main articles: occipitalis muscle and frontalis muscle
The occipital belly originates on the lateral two-thirds of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, and on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Inserted into the galea aponeurotica, or epicranial aponeurosis, the occipital belly communicates with the frontal belly by an intermediate tendon. From the aponeurosis, the frontal belly is inserted in the fascia of the facial muscles and in the skin above the eyes and nose.[5]
Action
Assisted by the occipital belly, the frontal belly draws the scalp back which raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.[4][5]
Evolution
In humans, the occipitofrontalis only serves for facial expressions. In apes, however, the head is not balanced on the vertebral column, and apes therefore need strong muscles that pull back on the skull and prominent supraorbital ridges for the attachment of these muscles.[2]
See also: Human skeletal changes due to bipedalism
See also
References
- ^ Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, A. Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2010). Gray´s Anatomy for Students (2nd ed.). p. 862. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.
- ^ a b Saladin, Kenneth S. (2003). Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill. pp. 286–287.
- ^ "Introduction to the Head; Front of Skull and Face/Muscles of the Face". University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ a b Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, A. Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2010). Gray´s Anatomy for Students (2nd ed.). p. 857. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.
- ^ a b Stone, Robert & Judith (2000). Atlas of skeletal muscles. McGraw-Hill. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-07-290332-4.
External links
- -1341783984 at GPnotebook
- Bérzin F (1989). "Occipitofrontalis muscle: functional analysis revealed by electromyography.". Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 29 (6): 355–8. PMID 2689156.
|
Muscles of head and neck: the head (TA A04.1, GA 4.378)
|
|
| Extraocular (CN III, IV, VI) |
- oblique
- rectus
- superior
- inferior
- medial
- lateral
- levator palpebrae superioris
|
|
| Mastication (CN V3) |
- masseter
- temporalis
- pterygoid
|
|
| fascia: |
- Masseteric fascia
- Temporal fascia
- Deep portion: cementomaxillary tendon
- Superficial portion: cementomandibular tendon
|
|
|
| Facial (CN VII) |
| Ear |
- auricular
- anterior
- superior
- posterior
- temporoparietalis
|
|
| Scalp/eyelid |
- occipitofrontalis
- orbicularis oculi
- corrugator supercilii
|
|
| fascia: |
|
|
|
| Nose |
- procerus
- nasalis
- depressor septi nasi
- levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
|
|
| Mouth |
- levator anguli oris
- levator labii superioris
- zygomaticus
|
|
- orbicularis oris
- risorius
- buccinator
|
|
- depressor anguli oris
- depressor labii inferioris
- mentalis
|
|
|
|
Palate/fauces (CN IX, X, XI)
(except TVP = V3) |
- veli palatini
- musculus uvulae
- palatopharyngeus (to pharynx)
- palatoglossus (to tongue)
|
|
| Tongue (CN XII) |
- extrinsic
- genioglossus
- hyoglossus/chondroglossus
- styloglossus
- and palatoglossus [CN X]
- intrinsic
- superior longitudinal
- inferior longitudinal
- transverse
- vertical
|
|
|
|
anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist
|
noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
|
|
|
|
English Journal
- A Case Report of the Angiosarcoma Involving Epicranial Muscle and Fascia : Is the Occipitofrontalis Muscle Composed of Two Different Muscles?
- Kim HK1, Lee HJ2.
- Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.J Korean Neurosurg Soc.2016 Jan;59(1):78-81. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2016.59.1.78. Epub 2016 Jan 20.
- The occipitofrontalis muscle is generally regarded as one muscle composed of two muscle bellies joined through the galea aponeurotica. However, two muscle bellies have different embryological origin, anatomical function and innervations. We report a case of angiosarcoma of the scalp in a 63-year-old
- PMID 26885292
- Morphological study of the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle and its innervation.
- Jeon A1, Kim SD2, Han SH3.
- Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA.Surg Radiol Anat.2015 Nov;37(9):1087-92. doi: 10.1007/s00276-015-1458-z. Epub 2015 Mar 14.
- PURPOSE: Occipital belly (OB) of occipitofrontalis muscle (epicranius) is a muscle which covers the occipital part of the skull. The posterior auricular nerve (PAN) is the first extracranial branch of the facial nerve, which supplies the OB. The PAN is one of the structures used to identify the faci
- PMID 25772517
- Acupoint injection of onabotulinumtoxin A for migraines.
- Hou M1,2, Xie JF3, Kong XP4,5, Zhang Y6, Shao YF7, Wang C8, Ren WT9, Cui GF10, Xin L11, Hou YP12.
- Toxins.Toxins (Basel).2015 Oct 30;7(11):4442-54. doi: 10.3390/toxins7114442.
- Onabotulinumtoxin A (BoNTA) has been reported to be effective in the therapy for migraines. Acupuncture has been used worldwide for the treatment of migraine attacks. Injection of a small amount of drug at acupuncture points is an innovation as compared to traditional acupuncture. The purpose of thi
- PMID 26529014
Related Links
- occipitofrontalis [oksip′itōfrəntal′is] one of a pair of thin, broad muscles covering the top of the skull, consisting of an occipital belly and a frontal belly connected by an extensive aponeurosis. It is the muscle that draws the scalp and ...
- Organ Occipitofrontalis including diseases and disorders affecting the Occipitofrontalis organ or body system. ... Summary Information: Occipitofrontalis Occipitofrontalis: The occipitofrontalis is a muscle located on the skull. The ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- occipitofrontalis (KL,K), occipitofrontal muscle
- ラ
- musculus occipitofrontalis
- 後頭前頭筋の前頭部が前頭筋であり、後頭部が後頭筋とよばれる。
起始
停止
神経
機能
- 眉毛を引き上げる。額に横皺を作る (KL.526)
カテゴリ
頭頂部の筋＞:頭頂部の筋