孤束核
WordNet
- a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
- (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
- any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
- the positively charged dense center of an atom
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/11/03 18:13:44」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Solitary nucleus |
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The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue.
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Transverse section of medulla oblongata of human embryo.
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| Details |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
Nucleus tractus solitarius medullae oblongatae. |
| MeSH |
A08.186.211.132.810.406.750 |
| NeuroNames |
hier-739 |
| NeuroLex ID |
Solitary nucleus |
| TA |
A14.1.04.230 |
| FMA |
72242 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
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In the human brain, the solitary nucleus (nucleus of the solitary tract, nucleus solitarius, nucleus tractus solitarius, nucleus tractus solitarii, NTS) is a series of purely sensory nuclei (clusters of nerve cell bodies) forming a vertical column of grey matter embedded in the medulla oblongata. Through the center of the NTS runs the solitary tract, a white bundle of nerve fibers, including fibers from the facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, that innervate the NTS. The NTS projects to, among other regions, the reticular formation, parasympathetic preganglionic neurons, hypothalamus and thalamus, forming circuits that contribute to autonomic regulation. Cells along the length of the NTS are arranged roughly in accordance with function; for instance, cells involved in taste are located in the higher, more forward ("rostral") part, while those receiving information from cardio-respiratory and gastrointestinal processes are found in the lower, more posterior ("caudal") part.[1][2]
Contents
- 1 Inputs
- 2 Outputs
- 3 Additional images
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Inputs
- Taste information from the facial nerve (anterior 2/3 of the tongue), glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior 1/3) and vagus nerve (small area on the epiglottis)
- Sensory information from the ear (Auricular branch of the vagus nerve)
- Chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors of the general visceral afferent pathway (GVA) in the carotid body via glossopharyngeal nerve, aortic bodies, and the atrial pacemaker, via the vagus nerve
- Chemically and mechanically sensitive neurons of the general visceral afferent pathway (GVA) with endings located in the heart, lungs, airways, gastrointestinal system, pharynx, and liver via the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
Neurons that innervate the NTS mediate the gag reflex, the carotid sinus reflex, the aortic reflex, the cough reflex, the baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, several respiratory reflexes and reflexes within the gastrointestinal system regulating motility and secretion.
Neurons which transmit signals about the gut wall, the stretch of the lungs, and the dryness of mucous membranes also innervate the NTS. The first central neurons within the NTS can participate in simple autonomic reflexes.
Outputs
Information goes from the NTS to a large number of other regions of the brain including the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the central nucleus of the amygdala, as well as to other nuclei in the brainstem (such as the parabrachial area, the Locus coeruleus, the Dorsal raphe nucleus , and other visceral motor or respiratory networks).[3] The signals projected from the NTS to the parabrachial area originate in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. The pathways for gastric and gustatory (taste) processes are believed to terminate in different subdivisions of the parabrachial area, but still interact in the NTS.[4][5] Some neuronal subpopulations in the NTS, such as the noradrenergic A2 neurons and the aldosterone-sensitive HSD2 neurons project as far rostrally as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.[6][7]
Additional images
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Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.
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Primary terminal nuclei of the afferent (sensory) cranial nerves schematically represented; lateral view.
See also
References
- ^ Duane E. Haines (2004). Neuroanatomy: An Atlas of Structures, Sections, and Systems. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 186–. ISBN 978-0-7817-4677-9. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ P. Michael Conn (2008). Neuroscience in Medicine. Springer. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-60327-455-5. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ Carlson, Neil R. (2010). Physiology of Behavior (10th ed.). Allyn & Bacon. p. 253. ISBN 978-0-205-66627-0.
- ^ Karimnamazi, Hamid; Travers, Susan P; Travers, Joseph B (2002). "Oral and gastric input to the parabrachial nucleus of the rat". Brain Research. 957 (2): 193–206. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03438-8. PMID 12445962.
- ^ Karimnamazi, Hamid; Travers, Joseph B. (1998). "Differential projections from gustatory responsive regions of the parabrachial nucleus to the medulla and forebrain". Brain Research. 813 (2): 283–302. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00951-2. PMID 9838165.
- ^ Geerling JC, Loewy AD. Aldosterone-sensitive neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract: efferent projections. J Comp Neurol. 2006 Jul 10;497(2):223-50. PMID 16705681
- ^ Shin JW, Geerling JC, Loewy AD. Inputs to the ventrolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. J Comp Neurol. 2008 Dec 10;511(5):628-57. doi: 10.1002/cne.21870. PMID 18853414
External links
- Stained brain slice images which include the "solitary tract" at the BrainMaps project
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Anatomy of the medulla
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| Grey matter |
| Cranial nuclei |
| afferent: |
- Solitary nucleus
- tract
- Dorsal respiratory group
- Gustatory nucleus
- Vestibular nuclei
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| efferent: |
- Hypoglossal nucleus
- Nucleus ambiguus
- Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
- Inferior salivatory nucleus
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| Dorsal |
- Gracile nucleus
- Cuneate nucleus
- Accessory cuneate nucleus
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| Ventral |
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- Ventral respiratory group
- Arcuate nucleus of medulla
- Rostral ventromedial medulla
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| White matter |
| Dorsal |
- Sensory
- Sensory decussation
- Medial lemniscus
- Juxtarestiform body
- Ascending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Motor
- Descending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
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| Ventral |
- Descending tracts
- Olivocerebellar tract
- Rubro-olivary tract
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| Surface |
| Front |
- Pyramid
- decussation
- Anterior median fissure
- Anterolateral sulcus
- Olive
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| Back |
- Posterior median sulcus
- Posterolateral sulcus
- Area postrema
- Vagal trigone
- Hypoglossal trigone
- Medial eminence
- Inferior cerebellar peduncle
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| Grey |
- Reticular formation
- Gigantocellular
- Parvocellular
- Ventral
- Lateral
- Paramedian
- Raphe nuclei
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The cranial nerves
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| terminal |
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| olfactory |
- Nuclei
- Anterior olfactory nucleus
- Course
- olfactory bulb
- olfactory tract
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| optic |
- Nuclei
- Lateral geniculate nucleus
- Course
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| oculomotor |
- Nuclei
- Oculomotor nucleus
- Edinger-Westphal nucleus
- Branches
- superior
- parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion/ciliary ganglion
- inferior
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| trochlear |
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| trigeminal |
- Nuclei
- PSN
- Spinal trigeminal nucleus
- MN
- TMN
- Course
- Branches
- ophthalmic
- maxillary
- mandibular
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| abducens |
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| facial |
| near origin |
- intermediate nerve
- geniculate
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inside
facial canal |
- greater petrosal
- nerve to the stapedius
- chorda tympani
- lingual nerve
- submandibular ganglion
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at stylomastoid
foramen |
- posterior auricular
- suprahyoid
- parotid plexus
- temporal
- zygomatic
- buccal
- mandibular
- cervical
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| Nuclei |
- Facial motor nucleus
- Solitary nucleus
- Superior salivary nucleus
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| vestibulocochlear |
- Nuclei
- Vestibular nuclei
- Cochlear nuclei
- cochlear nerve
- striae medullares
- lateral lemniscus
- vestibular
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| glossopharyngeal |
| before jugular fossa |
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| after jugular fossa |
- tympanic
- tympanic plexus
- lesser petrosal
- otic ganglion
- stylopharyngeal branch
- pharyngeal branches
- tonsillar branches
- lingual branches
- carotid sinus
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| Nuclei |
- (Nucleus ambiguus
- Inferior salivatory nucleus
- Solitary nucleus
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| vagus |
| before jugular fossa |
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| after jugular fossa |
- meningeal branch
- auricular branch
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| neck |
- pharyngeal branch
- superior laryngeal
- recurrent laryngeal (inferior)
- superior cervical cardiac
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| thorax |
- inferior cardiac
- pulmonary
- vagal trunks
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| abdomen |
- celiac
- renal
- hepatic
- anterior gastric
- posterior gastric
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| Nuclei |
- Nucleus ambiguus
- Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
- Solitary nucleus
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| accessory |
- Nuclei
- Nucleus ambiguus
- Spinal accessory nucleus
- cranial
- spinal
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| hypoglossal |
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Anatomy of taste
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| Tongue |
- Taste bud
- Lingual papilla
- Vallate papilla
- Foliate papilla
- Fungiform papilla
- Filiform papilla
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| Path |
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medulla
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- Solitary tract
- Solitary nucleus
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pons
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- Central tegmental tract
- Medial parabrachial nucleus
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thalamus
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- Ventral posteromedial nucleus
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cerebrum
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- Posterior limb of internal capsule
- Gustatory cortex
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| Other |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Effects of acetylcholine and cholinergic antagonists on the activity of nucleus of the solitary tract neurons.
- Furuya WI1, Colombari E1, Ferguson AV2, Colombari DS3.
- Brain research.Brain Res.2017 Mar 15;1659:136-141. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.01.027. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
- Previously we have demonstrated that microinjection of acetylcholine (ACh) into the intermediate nucleus of the solitary tract (iNTS) induced sympatho-inhibition combined with a decrease in the phrenic nerve activity (PNA), whereas in the commissural NTS (cNTS), ACh did not change sympathetic nerve
- PMID 28131721
- Cardiovascular responses to l-glutamate microinjection into the NTS are abrogated by reduced glutathione.
- Granato ÁS1, Gomes PM1, Martins Sá RW1, Borges GS1, Alzamora AC1, de Oliveira LB1, Toney GM2, Cardoso LM3.
- Neuroscience letters.Neurosci Lett.2017 Mar 6;642:142-147. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.019. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
- Redox imbalance in regions of the CNS controlling blood pressure is increasingly recognized as a leading factor for hypertension. Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the dorsomedial medulla is the main region receiving excitatory visceral sensory inputs that modulate autonomic efferent drive to the
- PMID 28189741
- Glucocorticoid receptor but not mineralocorticoid receptor mediates the activation of ERK pathway and CREB during morphine withdrawal.
- Navarro-Zaragoza J1,2, Laorden ML1,2, Milanés MV1,2.
- Addiction biology.Addict Biol.2017 Mar;22(2):342-353. doi: 10.1111/adb.12328. Epub 2015 Nov 24.
- Recent research suggests that glucocorticoids are involved in the development of addiction to drugs of abuse. They share this role with dopamine (DA), and with different signalling pathways and/or transcription factors such as extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK) and cAMP response element bi
- PMID 26598419
Japanese Journal
- 脳幹孤束核細胞におけるカルシトニン遺伝子関連ペプチドおよびアドレノメディリンのカルシウムチャネルに対する促進作用と細胞内シグナル伝達機構
- New Therapeutic Strategy for Amino Acid Medicine : Effects of Dietary Glutamate on Gut and Brain Function
- KITAMURA Akihiko,TSURUGIZAWA Tomokazu,UEMATSU Akira,TORII Kunio,UNEYAMA Hisayuki
- Journal of pharmacological sciences 118(2), 138-144, 2012-02-20
- … Functional magnetic resonance imaging of rats has shown that the intragastric administration of Glu activates the nucleus tractus solitarius, amygdala, and lateral hypothalamus. …
- NAID 10030454530
- ホルモンと神経ペプチドによる摂食調節 (代謝) -- (基礎分野での進歩)
- 前島 裕子,Udval Sedbazar,岩？ 有作 [他]
- Annual review. 糖尿病・代謝・内分泌 2012(-) (-), 91-97, 2012
- NAID 40019171092
Related Links
- The nucleus of tractus solitarius is a brainstem nucleus on each side of the upper medulla. It lies lateral to the dorsal nucleus of the vagus, to which it has many connecting neurones, and medial to the spinal tract and the nucleus of ...
- solitary nucleus Nucleus of the solitary tract. See also: nucleus ... Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only.
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- solitary nucleus (B),solitary nuclei, solitary tract nucleus,nuclei of solitary tract (KL), nucleus of the solitary tract
- ラ
- nucleus tractus solitarii, nucleus tractus solitarius NTS (SP), nucleus solitarius
- 同
- 延髄孤束核
- 関
- 延髄
概念
- 味覚を伝える知覚線維の終止核 (KL.704)
- 求心性迷走神経末端が到達している
解剖