- 関
- Nitrates, organic; Nitrites, organic
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/13 11:03:59」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
A nitrovasodilator is an agent that causes vasodilation by donation of nitric oxide.[1]
Examples include nitroprusside and nitroglycerine.
References
- ^ Brandes RP, Kim D, Schmitz-Winnenthal FH, et al. (January 2000). "Increased nitrovasodilator sensitivity in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice: role of soluble guanylyl cyclase". Hypertension 35 (1 Pt 2): 231–6. PMID 10642303. http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10642303.
|
Vasodilators used in cardiac diseases (C01D)
|
|
| Nitrates/nitrovasodilators |
Glyceryl trinitrate # • Isosorbide dinitrate # • Isosorbide mononitrate • Linsidomine • Molsidomine • Pentaerythritol tetranitrate • Propatylnitrate • Tenitramine • Trolnitrate
|
|
| Quinolone vasodilators |
Flosequinan‡
|
|
| Others |
Itramin tosilate • Prenylamine • Oxyfedrine • Benziodarone • Carbocromen • Hexobendine • Etafenone • Heptaminol • Imolamine • Dilazep • Trapidil • Molsidomine • Efloxate • Cinepazet • Cloridarol • Nicorandil • Nesiritide • Gapicomine • Pimobendan • Levosimendan
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
|
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte
|
|
|
|
|
Nonsympatholytic vasodilatory antihypertensives (C02)
|
|
| Nitrovasodilator |
|
NO (arterioles and venules)
|
Nitroprusside #
|
|
|
N (arteriolar)
|
Hydrazines (Hydralazine #, Dihydralazine, Endralazine, Cadralazine, Pildralazine)
|
|
|
| (arteriolar) Potassium channel opener |
Minoxidil • Diazoxide
|
|
| (arteriolar) Calcium channel blocker |
see list
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
|
|
anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
|
noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
|
|
|
|
|
Pharmacology: major drug groups
|
|
| Gastrointestinal tract/metabolism (A) |
- stomach acid (Antacids, H2 antagonists, Proton pump inhibitors)
- Antiemetics
- Laxatives
- Antidiarrhoeals/Antipropulsives
- Anti-obesity drugs
- Anti-diabetics
- Vitamins
- Dietary minerals
|
|
| Blood and blood forming organs (B) |
- Antithrombotics (Antiplatelets, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics/fibrinolytics)
- Antihemorrhagics (Platelets, Coagulants, Antifibrinolytics)
|
|
| Cardiovascular system (C) |
- cardiac therapy/antianginals (Cardiac glycosides, Antiarrhythmics, Cardiac stimulants)
- Antihypertensives
- Diuretics
- Vasodilators
- Beta blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- renin-angiotensin system (ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Renin inhibitors)
- Antihyperlipidemics (Statins, Fibrates, Bile acid sequestrants)
|
|
| Skin (D) |
- Emollients
- Cicatrizants
- Antipruritics
- Antipsoriatics
- Medicated dressings
|
|
| Genitourinary system (G) |
- Hormonal contraception
- Fertility agents
- SERMs
- Sex hormones
|
|
| Endocrine system (H) |
- Hypothalamic-pituitary hormones
- Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids)
- Sex hormones
- Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents
|
|
| Infections and infestations (J, P, QI) |
- Antimicrobials: Antibacterials (Antimycobacterials)
- Antifungals
- Antivirals
- Antiparasitics (Antiprotozoals, Anthelmintics, Ectoparasiticides)
- IVIG
- Vaccines
|
|
| Malignant disease (L01-L02) |
- Anticancer agents (Antimetabolites, Alkylating, Spindle poisons, Antineoplastic, Topoisomerase inhibitors)
|
|
| Immune disease (L03-L04) |
- Immunomodulators (Immunostimulants, Immunosuppressants)
|
|
| Muscles, bones, and joints (M) |
- Anabolic steroids
- Anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs)
- Antirheumatics
- Corticosteroids
- Muscle relaxants
- Bisphosphonates
|
|
| Brain and nervous system (N) |
- Analgesics
- Anesthetics (General, Local)
- Anorectics
- Anti-ADHD Agents
- Antiaddictives
- Anticonvulsants
- Antidementia Agents
- Antidepressants
- Antimigraine Agents
- Antiparkinson's Agents
- Antipsychotics
- Anxiolytics
- Depressants
- Entactogens
- Entheogens
- Euphoriants
- Hallucinogens (Psychedelics, Dissociatives, Deliriants)
- Hypnotics/Sedatives
- Mood Stabilizers
- Neuroprotectives
- Nootropics
- Neurotoxins
- Orexigenics
- Serenics
- Stimulants
- Wakefulness-Promoting Agents
|
|
| Respiratory system (R) |
- Decongestants
- Bronchodilators
- Cough medicines
- H1 antagonists
|
|
| Sensory organs (S) |
- Ophthalmologicals
- Otologicals
|
|
| Other ATC (V) |
- Antidotes
- Contrast media
- Radiopharmaceuticals
- Dressings
|
|
|
Peripheral vasodilators (C04)
|
|
| 2-amino-1-phenylethanol derivatives |
- Isoxsuprine
- Buphenine
- Bamethan
|
|
Imidazoline derivatives/
Alpha blockers |
- Phentolamine
- Tolazoline
- Phenoxybenzamine
|
|
| Niacin and derivatives |
- Niacin
- Nicotinyl alcohol
- Inositol nicotinate
- Ciclonicate
|
|
| Purine derivatives |
- Pentifylline
- Xantinol nicotinate
- Pentoxifylline
- Etofylline nicotinate
|
|
| Ergot alkaloids |
- Ergoloid
- Nicergoline
- Dihydroergocristine
|
|
| Other peripheral vasodilators |
- Cyclandelate
- Phenoxybenzamine
- Vincamine
- Moxisylyte
- Bencyclane
- Vinburnine
- Sulcotidil
- Buflomedil
- Naftidrofuryl
- Butalamine
- Visnadine
- Cetiedil
- Cinepazide
- Ifenprodil
- Azapetine
- Fasudil
|
|
|
|
anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
|
noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
|
|
|
|
|
Cardiovascular system, physiology: cardiovascular physiology
|
|
| Heart |
| Volumes |
- Stroke volume = End-diastolic volume – End-systolic volume
- Cardiac output = Heart rate × Stroke volume
- Frank–Starling law of the heart
- Cardiac function curve
- Venous return curve
- Aortic valve area calculation
- Ejection fraction
- Cardiac index
|
|
| Dimensions |
- Fractional shortening = (End-diastolic dimension – End-systolic dimension) / End-diastolic dimension
|
|
| Interaction diagrams |
- Cardiac cycle
- Wiggers diagram
- Pressure volume diagram
|
|
| Tropism |
- Chronotropic (Heart rate)
- Dromotropic (Conduction velocity)
- Inotropic (Contractility)
- Bathmotropic (Excitability)
- Lusitropic (Relaxation)
|
|
Conduction system /
Cardiac electrophysiology |
- Cardiac action potential
- Atrial action potential
- Ventricular action potential
- Effective refractory period
- Pacemaker potential
- EKG
- P wave
- PR interval
- QRS complex
- QT interval
- ST segment
- T wave
- U wave
- Hexaxial reference system
|
|
| Chamber pressure |
Central venous pressure/right atrial pressure → Right ventricular pressure → Pulmonary artery pressure → Pulmonary wedge pressure/left atrial pressure → Left ventricular pressure → Aortic pressure
|
|
| Other |
|
|
|
Vascular system/
Hemodynamics |
| Blood flow |
- Compliance
- Vascular resistance
- Total peripheral resistance
- Pulse
- Perfusion
|
|
| Blood pressure |
- Pulse pressure
- Mean arterial pressure
|
|
| Regulation of BP |
- Baroreflex
- Kinin–kallikrein system
- Renin–angiotensin system
- Vasoconstrictors/Vasodilators
- Autoregulation
- Myogenic mechanism
- Tubuloglomerular feedback
- Cerebral autoregulation
- Paraganglia
- Aortic body
- Carotid body
- Glomus cell
|
|
|
|
|
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte
|
|
|
|
anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot
|
noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)
|
|
|
|
English Journal
- Patient characteristics and outcomes associated with nitrovasodilator use in the treatment of acute heart failure.
- Pang PS1, Goren A, Kopenhafer L, Park J.
- American journal of therapeutics.Am J Ther.2015 May-Jun;22(3):206-13. doi: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000211.
- Nitrovasodilators (NVs) are commonly recommended for the treatment of acute heart failure (AHF); however, registries suggest their use is not common. The objectives of this study were to determine patient characteristics associated with NV use and to explore the association between NV use and outcom
- PMID 25650530
- Acute hyperlipidemia but not hyperhomocysteinemia impairs reflex regulation of the cardiovascular system.
- Reimann M1, Rüdiger H2, Weiss N3, Ziemssen T4.
- Atherosclerosis. Supplements.Atheroscler Suppl.2015 May;18:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2015.02.004.
- BACKGROUND: Elevated circulating lipids and homocysteine may affect autonomic cardiovascular function by decreasing baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and cardiovagal outflow and by increasing sympathetic drive.METHODS: To test this hypothesis 25 clinically healthy men (mean age 24 ± 2 years) received 50
- PMID 25936298
- [Prescriptions in patients with coronary artery disease].
- Nevers AL, Jandot M, Maillot N, Cottin Y.
- La Revue du praticien.Rev Prat.2015 Mar;65(3):343-51.
- The management of stable coronary artery disease has evolved in recent years and is now based on the latest recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology. Drug prescription takes into account two strategic approaches: on the one hand, pharmacological treatments that improve the prognosis and
- PMID 26016193
Japanese Journal
- Direct proof of nitric oxide formation from a nitrovasodilator metabolized by erythrocytes
- KOSAKA H
- Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204(3), 1055-1060, 1994
- NAID 80007951195
- Nitrovasodilator effects on intraocular pressure and outflow facility in monkeys
- Hindquarter Vascular Resistance as Compensator for Hypotension in Conscious Rats.
- ,
- The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 173(3), 283-289, 1994
- … Changes in hindquarter resistance were compared to changes in superior mesenteric resistance after the administration of the nitrovasodilator drug, molsidomine. …
- NAID 130003494727
Related Links
- nitrovasodilator Therapeutics An agent–eg, hydralazine, nitroglycerin ... The researchers conclude that CXL-1020, through its unique mechanism of action, improves heart function in a manner distinct from nitrovasodilators, and that its ...
- Posts about Nitrovasodilator written by 2012pharmaceutical ... 6. Mathematical Modeling: Arterial stiffening provides sufficient explanation for primary hypertension Klas H. Pettersen, Scott M. Bugenhagen, Javaid Nauman, Daniel A ...
Related Pictures
