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a closed sac that develops abnormally in some body structure

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胞嚢(ほうのう)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/08/27 01:20:56」(JST)

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A nabothian cyst (or nabothian follicle)^[1] is a mucus-filled cyst on the surface of the cervix. They are most often caused when stratified squamous epithelium of the ectocervix (toward the vagina) grows over the simple columnar epithelium of the endocervix (toward the uterus). This tissue growth can block the cervical crypts (subdermal pockets usually 2-10 mm in diameter), trapping cervical mucus inside the crypts. The transformation of tissue types is called metaplasia.

Presentation

Nabothian cysts appear most often as firm bumps on the cervix's surface. A woman may notice the cyst when inserting a diaphragm or cervical cap, or when checking the cervix as part of fertility awareness.^[2] A health care provider may notice the cysts during a pelvic exam.

Prognosis, treatment, and associated conditions

Nabothian cysts are considered harmless and usually disappear on their own,^[2] although some will persist indefinitely.^{[citation needed]} Some women notice they appear and disappear in relation to their menstrual cycle. If a woman is not sure the anomaly she has found on her cervix is a nabothian cyst, a visit to a doctor is recommended to rule out other conditions.^[2]

Rarely, nabothian cysts have a correlation with chronic cervicitis, an inflammatory infection of the cervix.

Nabothian cysts are not considered problematic unless they grow very large and present secondary symptoms. A physician may wish to perform a colposcopy or biopsy on a nabothian cyst to check for cancer or other problems. Two methods for removing these cysts include electrocautery and cryofreezing, although new cysts may form after the procedure.

Eponym

Nabothian cysts are also known as nabothian follicles, mucinous retention cysts, or epithelial inclusion cysts. They are named after German anatomist Martin Naboth (1675-1721), who wrote about them in a 1707 treatise titled De sterilitate mulierum. However, they were earlier described by French surgeon Guillaume Desnoues (1650-1735).^[3] Since it is a derived term, nabothian is not spelled with a capital first letter.

References

^ "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:nabothian follicles". http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000041439.htm#000041439.
^ ^a ^b ^c Weschler, Toni (2002). Taking Charge of Your Fertility (Revised Edition ed.). New York: HarperCollins. pp. 227–228,330. ISBN 0-06-093764-5.
^ "Nabothian Cysts". Who Named It?. 2007. http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/3789.html. Retrieved 2007-06-22.

External links

00501 at CHORUS
Histology at ttuhsc.edu

UpToDate Contents

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1. 子宮頸部の先天性奇形および子宮頸部良性病変 congenital cervical anomalies and benign cervical lesions
2. 急性子宮頚管炎 acute cervicitis
3. 浸潤子宮頸癌：疫学、危険因子、臨床症状、および診断 invasive cervical cancer epidemiology risk factors clinical manifestations and diagnosis
4. コルポスコピー colposcopy
5. 子宮頸癌スクリーニング検査：子宮頸部細胞診およびヒトパピローマウイルス検査の技術 cervical cancer screening tests techniques for cervical cytology and human papillomavirus testing

English Journal

Nabothian cyst a predominant cause of false-positive iodine uptake in uterus: comparison of SPECT/CT and pelvic MRI.

Isoda T1, BaBa S, Maruoka Y, Kitamura Y, Nishie A, Sasaki M, Honda H.
Clinical nuclear medicine.Clin Nucl Med.2014 Aug;39(8):680-4. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000504.
PURPOSE: Many cases of unexpected radioiodine uptake have been reported, including physiological uptake in healthy tissue and in both benign and malignant nonthyroidal lesions. However, iodine uptake in the uterus has not been well assessed. In this article, we systemically analyzed iodine uptake in
PMID 24978344

MRI findings before and after abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) for cervical cancer: a prospective study and review of the literature.

Bourgioti C1, Koutoulidis V2, Chatoupis K2, Rodolakis A3, Koureas A2, Thomakos N3, Moulopoulos LA2.
Clinical radiology.Clin Radiol.2014 Jul;69(7):678-86. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2014.02.001. Epub 2014 Mar 11.
AIM: To report the authors' experience with dedicated pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in young women with early-stage cervical cancer treated with abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART).MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 5-year period, 21 patients, with biopsy-confirmed cervical carcinoma, Inter
PMID 24625691

Nabothian cyst associated with high false-positive incidence of iodine-131 uptake in whole-body scans after treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer.

Liu S1, Zhang M, Pan Y, Qu Q, Wu H, Lv J, Zhang Y.
Nuclear medicine communications.Nucl Med Commun.2013 Dec;34(12):1204-7. doi: 10.1097/MNM.0b013e328365911a.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the focal uptake of iodine-131 (131I) in the upper pelvis superior to the urinary bladder on whole-body images of patients who underwent this treatment after thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer.METHODS: Between June 2012 and March 2013, 205 patients
PMID 24077637

Japanese Journal

症例子宮頸部deep nabothian cystsの1例

北田文則,森下嘉一郎,太田誠 [他]
産科と婦人科 72(12), 1791-1795, 2005-12
NAID 40007028523

Markedly High Signal Intensity Lesions in the Uterine Cervix on T2-weighted Imaging: Differentiation betwen Mucin-producing Carcinomas and Nabothian Cysts

LI Hong,SUGIMURA Kazuro,OKIZUKA Hiromi,YOSHIDA Manabu,MURUYAMA Riruke,TAKAHASHI Kentaro,MIYAZAKI Kohji
Radiation Medicine : medical imaging and radiation oncology 17(2), 137-143, 1999-03
NAID 10005277639