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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/10/12 07:52:56」(JST)
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| Occipitofrontalis |
|
| Details |
| Origin |
Two occipital bellies and two frontal bellies. |
| Insertion |
Galea aponeurotica |
| Artery |
Frontal belly: supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries
Occipital belly: Occipital artery |
| Nerve |
Facial nerve |
| Actions |
Raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
Musculus occipitofrontalis or Musculus epicranii venter frontalis |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
m_22/12549942 |
| TA |
A04.1.03.003 |
| FMA |
9624 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle
[edit on Wikidata]
|
The occipitofrontalis muscle (epicranius muscle) is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone.[1] In humans, the occipitofrontalis only serves for facial expressions.[2]
Some sources consider the occipital and frontal bellies to be two distinct muscles. However, Terminologia Anatomica currently classifies it as a single muscle, and also includes the temporoparietalis muscle as part of the epicranius.
The occipitofrontalis muscle receives blood from several arteries. The frontal belly receives blood from the supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries, while the occipital belly receives blood from the occipital artery.[3] The occipitofrontalis muscle is innervated by the facial nerve.[4]
Contents
- 1 Course
- 2 Action
- 3 Evolution
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Course
Main articles: occipitalis muscle and frontalis muscle
The occipital belly originates on the lateral two-thirds of the superior nuchal line, and on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Inserted into the galea aponeurotica, or epicranial aponeurosis, the occipital belly communicates with the frontal belly by an intermediate tendon. From the aponeurosis, the frontal belly is inserted in the fascia of the facial muscles and in the skin above the eyes and nose.[5]
Action
Assisted by the occipital belly, the frontal belly draws the scalp back, which raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.[4][5]
Evolution
In humans, the occipitofrontalis only serves for facial expressions. In apes, however, the head is not balanced on the vertebral column, and apes therefore need strong muscles that pull back on the skull and prominent supraorbital ridges for the attachment of these muscles.[2]
See also: Human skeletal changes due to bipedalism
See also
References
- ^ Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, A. Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2010). Gray´s Anatomy for Students (2nd ed.). p. 862. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.
- ^ a b Saladin, Kenneth S. (2003). Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill. pp. 286–287.
- ^ "Introduction to the Head; Front of Skull and Face/Muscles of the Face". University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). 2007. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ a b Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, A. Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2010). Gray´s Anatomy for Students (2nd ed.). p. 857. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.
- ^ a b Stone, Robert & Judith (2000). Atlas of skeletal muscles. McGraw-Hill. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-07-290332-4.
External links
- Bérzin F (1989). "Occipitofrontalis muscle: functional analysis revealed by electromyography.". Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 29 (6): 355–8. PMID 2689156.
|
Muscles of the head
|
| Extraocular |
- Oblique
- Rectus
- superior
- inferior
- medial
- lateral
- Levator palpebrae superioris
|
| Masticatory |
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Pterygoid
- Fascia
|
|
| Facial |
| Ear |
- Auricular
- anterior
- superior
- posterior
- Temporoparietalis
|
| Scalp/eyelid |
- Occipitofrontalis
- Orbicularis oculi
- Corrugator supercilii
|
|
| Nose |
- Procerus
- Nasalis
- Depressor septi nasi
- Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
|
| Mouth |
- Levator anguli oris
- Levator labii superioris
- Zygomaticus
|
- Orbicularis oris
- Risorius
- Buccinator
|
- Depressor anguli oris
- Depressor labii inferioris
- Mentalis
- Transversus menti
|
|
|
| Soft palate |
- Veli palatini
- Musculus uvulae
- Palatopharyngeus
- Palatoglossus
|
| Tongue |
| Extrinsic |
- Genioglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Styloglossus
- Palatoglossus
|
| Intrinsic |
- Superior longitudinal
- Inferior longitudinal
- Transverse
- Vertical
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Surgical desensitisation of the mechanoreceptors in Müller's muscle relieves chronic tension-type headache caused by tonic reflexive contraction of the occipitofrontalis muscle in patients with aponeurotic blepharoptosis.
- Matsuo K, Ban R.SourceDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. kmatsuo@shinshu-u.ac.jp
- Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery.J Plast Surg Hand Surg.2013 Feb;47(1):21-9. doi: 10.3109/2000656X.2012.717896. Epub 2012 Dec 4.
- Proprioceptively innervated intramuscular connective tissues in Müller's muscle function as exterior mechanoreceptors to induce reflex contraction of the levator and occipitofrontalis muscles. In aponeurotic blepharoptosis, since the levator aponeurosis is disinserted from the tarsus, stretching of
- PMID 23210499
- Variations in the anatomy of the posterior auricular nerve and its potential as a landmark for identification of the facial nerve trunk: a cadaveric study.
- Smith OJ, Ross GL.SourceThe Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Anatomical science international.Anat Sci Int.2012 Jun;87(2):101-5. doi: 10.1007/s12565-011-0125-7. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
- The posterior auricular nerve (PAN) is the first extracranial branch of the facial nerve trunk. It innervates the posterior belly of the occipitofrontalis and the auricular muscles and contributes cutaneous sensation from the skin covering the mastoid process and parts of the auricle. This study was
- PMID 22223163
- Brow motility in mitochondrial myopathy.
- de Castro FA, Cruz AA, Sobreira CF.SourceDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
- Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery.Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg.2010 Nov-Dec;26(6):416-9. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3181cb57a7.
- PURPOSE: To quantify the range of brow excursion in patients with mitochondrial myopathy and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO).METHODS: Comparative case series. Digital image processing techniques were used to quantify the upper eyelid resting position, brow excursion, and monocula
- PMID 20683376
Related Links
- oc·cip·i·to·fron·ta·lis mus·cle (ok-sip'i-tō-fron-tā'lis mŭs'ĕl) A part of musculus epicranius; the occipital belly (occipitalis muscle) arises from the occipital bone and inserts into the galea aponeurotica; the frontal belly (frontalis muscle ...
- ... Musculus occipitofrontalis Quick Links Images There is no image containing this anatomical part yet. Description Origin: Lateral two-thirds of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, and on the mastoid process of the The ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- occipitofrontalis (KL,K), occipitofrontal muscle
- ラ
- musculus occipitofrontalis
- 後頭前頭筋の前頭部が前頭筋であり、後頭部が後頭筋とよばれる。
起始
停止
神経
機能
- 眉毛を引き上げる。額に横皺を作る (KL.526)
カテゴリ
頭頂部の筋＞:頭頂部の筋