WordNet

characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination; "a minute inspection of the grounds"; "a narrow scrutiny"; "an exact and minute report" (同)narrow
a unit of angular distance equal to a 60th of a degree (同)arcminute, minute of arc
a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour; "he ran a 4 minute mile" (同)min
a short note; "the secretary keeps the minutes of the meeting"
the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air (同)airing
a mechanical system in a building that provides fresh air; "she was continually adjusting the ventilation" (同)ventilation system, ventilating system
a written account of what transpired at a meeting (同)proceedings, transactions

PrepTutorEJDIC

(時間の単位の)『分』(1/60時間;《略》『m.,min.』) / (角度の単位の)分(1/60度;記号は'で,数字の後に付ける) / 〈U〉《しばしばa ~》《話》『瞬間』,ちょっとの間(moment) / (また『minute book』)《複数形で》(会議の)景事録
『ごく小さい』,微細な / 『精密な』,詳しい / ささいな,取るに足りない
換気,通風 / 換気設備,通風装置 / 世に問うこと,自由討議

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/11 07:07:23」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Respiratory minute volume (or minute ventilation or expired minute volume) is the volume of gas inhaled (inhaled minute volume) or exhaled (exhaled minute volume) from a person's lungs per minute. It is an important parameter in respiratory medicine due to its relationship with blood carbon dioxide levels. It can be measured with devices such as a Wright respirometer, or can be calculated from other known respiratory parameters. Note that although its name implies that it is a volume, minute volume is actually a flow (it represents a volume change over time).

Several symbols can be used to represent minute volume. They include: , MV, and V_E.

Determination of minute volume

Minute volume can either be measured directly or calculated from other known parameters.

Measurement of minute volume

Minute volume is the amount of gas inhaled or exhaled from a person's lungs in one minute. It can be measured by a Wright respirometer or other device capable of cumulatively measuring gas flow, such as mechanical ventilators.

Calculation of minute volume

If both tidal volume (V_T) and respiratory rate (ƒ or RR) are known, minute volume can be calculated by multiplying the two values. One must also take care to consider the effect of dead space on alveolar ventilation, as seen below in "Relationship to other physiological rates".

Physiological significance of minute volume

Blood carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) levels generally vary inversely with minute volume.^{[citation needed]} For example, a person with increased minute volume (e.g. due to hyperventilation) should demonstrate a lower blood carbon dioxide level. The healthy human body will alter minute volume in an attempt to maintain physiologic homeostasis. A normal minute volume while resting is about 5–8 liters per minute in humans.^{[citation needed]} Minute volume generally decreases when at rest, and increases with exercise. For example, during light activities minute volume may be around 12 litres. Riding a bicycle increases minute ventilation by a factor of 2 to 4 depending on the level of exercise involved. Minute ventilation during moderate exercise may be between 40 and 60 litres per minute.^[1] ^[2]

Hyperventilation is the term for having a minute ventilation higher than physiologically appropriate. Hypoventilation describes a minute volume less than physiologically appropriate.

Relationship to other physiological rates

Minute volume comprises the sum of alveolar ventilation and dead space ventilation. That is:

where is alveolar ventilation, and represents dead space ventilation.

References

^ Zuurbier, M., Hoek, G., van den Hazel, P., Brunekreef, B. (2009). "Minute ventilation of cyclists, car and bus passengers: an experimental study.". Environmental Health 8 (48). doi:10.1186/1476-069x-8-48.
^ Int Panis, L (2010). "Exposure to particulate matter in traffic: A comparison of cyclists and car passengers". Atmospheric Environment 44: 2263–2270. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.028.

External links

Overview at healthsystem.virginia.edu
Overview at ccmtutorials.com
Physiology: 4/4ch3/s4ch3_15 - Essentials of Human Physiology
What is minute ventilation

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 機械的人工換気からの離脱（ウィーニング）：準備テスト weaning from mechanical ventilation readiness testing
2. 機械的人工換気の概要 overview of mechanical ventilation
3. 過換気症候群 hyperventilation syndrome
4. 機械的人工換気のモード modes of mechanical ventilation
5. 換気調節 control of ventilation

English Journal

Role of glutamate and serotonin on the hypoxic ventilatory response in high-altitude-adapted plateau Pika.

Bai Z1, Voituron N2, Wuren T1, Jeton F2, Jin G1, Marchant D3, Richalet JP2, Ge RL4, Pichon AP5.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology.Respir Physiol Neurobiol.2015 Jul;212-214:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
The highland "plateau Pika" is considered to be adapted to chronic hypoxia. We hypothesized that glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors, nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and serotonin are involved in hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in Pikas. We tested the effects of NMDA (memanti
PMID 25890014

An approach to using heart rate monitoring to estimate the ventilation and load of air pollution exposure.

Cozza IC1, Zanetta DM2, Fernandes FL3, da Rocha FM4, de Andre PA5, Garcia ML6, Paceli RB3, Prado GF3, Terra-Filho M3, Saldiva PH7, de Paula Santos U3.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2015 Jul 1;520:160-7. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.049. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
BACKGROUND: The effects of air pollution on health are associated with the amount of pollutants inhaled which depends on the environmental concentration and the inhaled air volume. It has not been clear whether statistical models of the relationship between heart rate and ventilation obtained using
PMID 25813969

Respiratory deficits in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Tuppy M1, Barna BF2, Alves-Dos-Santos L1, Britto LR2, Chiavegatto S1, Moreira TS2, Takakura AC3.
Neuroscience.Neuroscience.2015 Jun 25;297:194-204. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.03.048. Epub 2015 Mar 30.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. In addition to deficits in voluntary movement, PD involves a disturbance of breathing regulation. However, the cause and nature of this disturbance are not well understood. Here,
PMID 25838118

Japanese Journal

術後および長期臥床患者における有効な姿勢の検討

高橋正樹,小野くみ子,藤野英己
健康支援 13(2), 1-5, 2011-09-01
NAID 40019008455

Effect of ramp bicycle exercise on exhaled carbon monoxide in humans

YASUDA Yoshifumi,ITO Tomonori,MIYAMURA Miharu,NIWAYAMA Masatsugu
The journal of physiological sciences : JPS 61(4), 279-286, 2011-07-01
NAID 10029323482

Related Pictures

$Increase in Alveolar fractional$

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「分時換気量」「minute volume of ventilation」「amount of ventilation」
関連記事	「minute」

「分時換気量」

TLC	Total lung capacity: the volume in the lungs at maximal inflation, the sum of VC and RV.
TV	Tidal volume: that volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during quiet breathing (VT indicates a subdivision of the lung; when tidal volume is precisely measured, as in gas exchange calculation, the symbol VT or VT is used.)
RV	Residual volume: the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
ERV	Expiratory reserve volume: the maximal volume of air that can be exhaled from the end-expiratory position
IRV	Inspiratory reserve volume: the maximal volume that can be inhaled from the end-inspiratory level
IC	Inspiratory capacity: the sum of IRV and TV
IVC	Inspiratory vital capacity: the maximum volume of air inhaled from the point of maximum expiration
VC	Vital capacity: the volume of air breathed out after the deepest inhalation.
VT	Tidal volume: that volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during quiet breathing (VT indicates a subdivision of the lung; when tidal volume is precisely measured, as in gas exchange calculation, the symbol VT or VT is used.)
FRC	Functional residual capacity: the volume in the lungs at the end-expiratory position
RV/TLC%	Residual volume expressed as percent of TLC
VA	Alveolar gas volume
VL	Actual volume of the lung including the volume of the conducting airway.
FVC	Forced vital capacity: the determination of the vital capacity from a maximally forced expiratory effort
FEVt	Forced expiratory volume (time): a generic term indicating the volume of air exhaled under forced conditions in the first t seconds
FEV1	Volume that has been exhaled at the end of the first second of forced expiration
FEFx	Forced expiratory flow related to some portion of the FVC curve; modifiers refer to amount of FVC already exhaled
FEFmax	The maximum instantaneous flow achieved during a FVC maneuver
FIF	Forced inspiratory flow: (Specific measurement of the forced inspiratory curve is denoted by nomenclature analogous to that for the forced expiratory curve. For example, maximum inspiratory flow is denoted FIFmax. Unless otherwise specified, volume qualifiers indicate the volume inspired from RV at the point of measurement.)
PEF	Peak expiratory flow: The highest forced expiratory flow measured with a peak flow meter
MVV	Maximal voluntary ventilation: volume of air expired in a specified period during repetitive maximal effort
	v; t; e;