WordNet

constituting an imitation; "the mimic warfare of the opera stage"- Archibald Alison
someone who mimics (especially an actor or actress) (同)mimicker
imitate (a person or manner), especially for satirical effect; "The actor mimicked the President very accurately" (同)mime
make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈人,人の話し方・しぐさなど〉‘を'まねてからかう / (欺くために)…‘に'似せる / ものまねをする人,ものまね役者 / 人まねをする動物;人の声をまねる鳥 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》 / ものまねをする / 偽りの,模擬の / 擬態の
〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

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1. 大腿四頭筋腱の損傷 quadriceps muscle and tendon injuries
2. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
3. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness
4. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
5. 救急外来における急性の筋力低下を訴える成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with acute weakness in the emergency department

English Journal

Effect of hypoxia exposure on the recovery of skeletal muscle phenotype during regeneration.

Chaillou T1, Koulmann N, Meunier A, Chapot R, Serrurier B, Beaudry M, Bigard X.Author information 1Département Environnements opérationnels, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, antenne de La Tronche, BP 87, 38702, La Tronche Cedex, France, th.chaillou@gmail.com.AbstractHypoxia impairs the muscle fibre-type shift from fast-to-slow during post-natal development; however, this adaptation could be a consequence of the reduced voluntary physical activity associated with hypoxia exposure rather than the result of hypoxia per se. Moreover, muscle oxidative capacity could be reduced in hypoxia, particularly when hypoxia is combined with additional stress. Here, we used a model of muscle regeneration to mimic the fast-to-slow fibre-type conversion observed during post-natal development. We hypothesised that hypoxia would impair the recovery of the myosin heavy chain (MHC) profile and oxidative capacity during muscle regeneration. To test this hypothesis, the soleus muscle of female rats was injured by notexin and allowed to recover for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days under normoxia or hypobaric hypoxia (5,500 m altitude) conditions. Ambient hypoxia did not impair the recovery of the slow MHC profile during muscle regeneration. However, hypoxia moderately decreased the oxidative capacity (assessed from the activity of citrate synthase) of intact muscle and delayed its recovery in regenerated muscle. Hypoxia transiently increased in both regenerated and intact muscles the content of phosphorylated AMPK and Pgc-1α mRNA, two regulators involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, while it transiently increased in intact muscle the mRNA level of the mitophagic factor BNIP3. In conclusion, hypoxia does not act to impair the fast-to-slow MHC isoform transition during regeneration. Hypoxia alters the oxidative capacity of intact muscle and delays its recovery in regenerated muscle; however, this adaptation to hypoxia was independent of the studied regulators of mitochondrial turn-over.
Molecular and cellular biochemistry.Mol Cell Biochem.2014 May;390(1-2):31-40. doi: 10.1007/s11010-013-1952-8. Epub 2014 Jan 3.
Hypoxia impairs the muscle fibre-type shift from fast-to-slow during post-natal development; however, this adaptation could be a consequence of the reduced voluntary physical activity associated with hypoxia exposure rather than the result of hypoxia per se. Moreover, muscle oxidative capacity could
PMID 24385110

Beneficial effects of early environmental enrichment on motor development and spinal cord plasticity in a rat model of cerebral palsy.

Marques MR1, Stigger F1, Segabinazi E2, Augustin OA2, Barbosa S2, Piazza FV1, Achaval M1, Marcuzzo S3.Author information 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP: 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP: 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.2Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP: 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.3Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP: 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP: 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: simone.marcuzzo@ufrgs.br.AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) results from nonprogressive lesions in the immature brain generating changes on the neuromuscular system. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a combination of stimuli that provides greater motivation and interest in novel movement exploration through the provision of various devices associated to enhanced social stimulation that would mimic the physiotherapy approach. The aim of this study was to verify whether EE is able to prevent the establishment of motor impairment in a CP rat model. The animals were divided in two groups: control animals (healthy) and animals submitted to a CP model. After this, the pups were exposed to two environments: enriched or standard, totaling four groups: Control group (without CP in a standard environment), CP group (CP model in a standard environment), EE group (without CP in an enriched environment) and CP-EE (CP model in an enriched environment). The experimental model was induced in pregnant Wistar rats by the association of maternal exposure to bacterial endotoxin, perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of the pups. The assessment of motor skills was held using the following tests: open field, rotarod, horizontal ladder, narrow suspended bar and stride length. The histological analysis evaluated the mean cross-sectional area (CSA) of the soleus muscle fibers, the mean CSA of motoneuronal somata and expression of synaptophysin in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. EE was able to prevent the motor deficits, however, it did not reverse the muscle atrophy observed in CP animals. Furthermore, there was an average increase in the mean area of motoneurons and an increase in the expression of synaptophysin in the ventral horn of the spinal cord of the CP-EE group in relation to CP animals reared in a standard environment. Hereupon, the stimulus increment provided by EE can prevent the onset of motor deficits and histological changes in a CP rat model.
Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2014 Apr 15;263:149-57. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.01.007. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
Cerebral palsy (CP) results from nonprogressive lesions in the immature brain generating changes on the neuromuscular system. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a combination of stimuli that provides greater motivation and interest in novel movement exploration through the provision of various devices
PMID 24486258

Musculoskeletal Pain: A New Algorithm for Differential Diagnosis of a Cardinal Symptom in Pediatrics.

Tallen G1, Bielack S2, Henze G1, Horneff G3, Korinthenberg R4, Lawrenz B5, Niehues T6, Peitz J7, Placzek R8, Schmittenbecher P9, Schönau E10, Wessel L11, Wirth T12, Mentzel HJ13, Creutzig U14.Author information 1Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charite-Medical School, Berlin, Germany.2Children's Hospital Stuttgart, "Pediatrics 5", - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany.3Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Hospital, Sankt Augustin, Germany.4Department of Pediatric Neurology and Muscle Diseases, Children's -Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg-Medical School, Freiburg, Germany.5Pediatrician, Arnsberg, Germany.6Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Clinics Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany.7Department of Pediatics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.8Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Neuroorthopedics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.9Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.10Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.11Department of Pediatrics, Heidelberg Medical School/Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.12Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hospital -Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.13Department of Pediatric Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.14Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical High School Hanover, Hanover.AbstractMusculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a common childhood complaint associated with multiple differential diagnoses, including cancer. Considering the expanding spectrum of diagnostics, evaluat-ing a young patient with MSP is a challenge today, particularly for non-specialists in a primary care setting. Since childhood cancer is rare and most cardinal symptoms mimic rather non-serious diseases, misdiagnosis is not uncommon, but of significant prognostic relevance. To build the appropriate bridge between primary and secon-dary care for a child presenting with MSP, thereby preventing treatment delay and longterm sequelae, initial evaluation should follow a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, systematic and stepwise approach, which unites the patient's individual anamnestic, psychosocial, and clinical charac-teristics. After a systematic review of the literature, we generated multidisciplinarily quality-assured recommendations for efficient, rational and cost-effective primary care assessment of pediatric MSP. The algorithm promotes the identification and structured interpretation of the patient's individual clinical clues. It should serve the primary care physician to recognize when further intervention, rather than reassurance and follow-up, is needed using the minimum amount of testing to make an appropriate, prompt diagnosis in the clinical situation "child presenting with MSP". A German version of this algorithm has been published in the Guideline-Portal of The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies ("Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften", AWMF) in November 2013.
Klinische Padiatrie.Klin Padiatr.2014 Apr;226(2):86-98. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a common childhood complaint associated with multiple differential diagnoses, including cancer. Considering the expanding spectrum of diagnostics, evaluat-ing a young patient with MSP is a challenge today, particularly for non-specialists in a primary care setting. Sinc
PMID 24687611

Japanese Journal

SAM-based cell transfer to photopatterned hydrogels for microengineering vascular-like structures

Sadr Nasser,Zhu Mojun,Osaki Tatsuya,Kakegawa Takahiro,Yang Yunzhi,Moretti Matteo,Fukuda Junji,Khademhosseini Ali,福田淳二
Biomaterials 32(30), 7479-7490, 2011-10
… As a step toward more complex constructs, a cell-laden hydrogel layer was photopatterned around the endothelialized channel to mimic the vascular smooth muscle structure of distal arterioles. …
NAID 120003439661

Lymphocytic Hypophysitis Accompanied by Aseptic Meningitis Mimics Subacute Meningoencephalitis

Suzuki Keisuke,Izawa Naoki,Nakamura Toshiki,Hashimoto Kenichi,Ouchi Keita,Sakuta Hideki,Asakawa Yohei,Numao Ayaka,Hirata Koichi
Internal Medicine 50(18), 2025-2030, 2011
… A 66-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with muscle pain, fatigue and appetite loss that had lasted for a month. … Lymphocytic hypophysitis with aseptic meningitis can mimic subacute meningoencephalitis. …
NAID 130000969317