関: micronucleate、micronucleus

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/15 12:05:55」(JST)

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The micronucleus is the smaller nucleus in ciliate protozoans, such as the Paramecium. In fission it divides by mitosis, and in conjugation it furnishes the pairing of gamete nuclei, by whose reciprocal fusion a zygote nucleus is formed, which gives rise to the macronuclei and micronuclei of the individuals of the next cycle of fission.

Other meaning

Micronucleus is also the name given to the small nucleus that forms whenever a chromosome or a fragment of a chromosome is not incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division. In newly formed red blood cells in humans, these are known as Howell-Jolly bodies. In normal people and many other mammals, which do not have nuclei in their red blood cells, the micronuclei are removed rapidly by the spleen. Hence high frequencies of micronuclei in human peripheral blood indicate a ruptured or absent spleen. In mice, these are not removed, which is the basis for the in vivo micronucleus test.

In a micronucleus test, the genotoxicity of a chemical compound is tested.

English Journal

Anti-cancer drugs in aquatic environment can cause cancer: Insight about mutagenicity in tadpoles.

Araújo APDC1, Mesak C1, Montalvão MF1, Freitas ÍN1, Chagas TQ1, Malafaia G2.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2019 Feb 10;650(Pt 2):2284-2293. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.373. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
PMID 30292121

Assessment of the toxic potential of rainwater precipitation: First evidence from a case study in three Greek cities.

Vlastos D1, Antonopoulou M2, Lavranou A1, Efthimiou I1, Dailianis S3, Hela D4, Lambropoulou D5, Paschalidou AK6, Kassomenos P7.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2019 Jan 15;648:1323-1332. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.166. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
PMID 30340278

Effect of treated wastewater irrigation in East Central region of Tunisia (Monastir governorate) on the biochemical and transcriptomic response of earthworms Eisenia andrei.

Mkhinini M1, Boughattas I2, Alphonse V3, Livet A4, Bousserrhine N5, Banni M6.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2019 Jan 10;647:1245-1255. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.449. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
PMID 30180333

Japanese Journal

Micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities induction in erythrocytes of marbled flounder, Pleuronectes yokohamae, exposed to dietary nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons