視床背内側核
- 関
- dorsal medial nucleus、dorsomedial nucleus、dorsomedial thalamic nucleus、medial dorsal nucleus、mediodorsal nucleus
WordNet
- a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
- (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
- any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
- the positively charged dense center of an atom
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/26 06:42:49」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Not to be confused with Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus.
| Medial dorsal nucleus |
Thalamic nuclei:
MNG = Midline nuclear group
AN = Anterior nuclear group
MD = Medial dorsal nucleus
VNG = Ventral nuclear group
VA = Ventral anterior nucleus
VL = Ventral lateral nucleus
VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus
VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus
LNG = Lateral nuclear group
PUL = Pulvinar
MTh = Metathalamus
LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus
MG = Medial geniculate nucleus |
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Thalamic nuclei
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| Details |
| Latin |
nucleus mediodorsalis thalami |
| Identifiers |
| MeSH |
mediodorsal+thalamic+nucleus |
| NeuroNames |
hier-295 |
| NeuroLex ID |
Medial dorsal nucleus |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
n_11/12581843 |
| TA |
A14.1.08.622 |
| FMA |
62156 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
|
The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus) is a large nucleus in the thalamus.
It is believed to play a role in memory.[1]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 Clinical significance
- 4 Additional images
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Structure
It relays inputs from the amygdala and olfactory cortex and projects to the prefrontal cortex and the limbic system and in turn relays them to the Pre-Frontal Association Cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking, and active memory.
The connections of the medial dorsal nucleus have even been used to delineate the prefrontal cortex of the Göttingen minipig brain.[2]
By stereology the number of brain cells in the region has been estimated to around 6.43 million neurons in the adult human brain and 36.3 million glial cells, and with the newborn having quite different numbers: around 11.2 million neurons and 10.6 million glial cells.[3]
Function
Pain processing
While both the ventral and medial dorsal nuclei process pain, the medial dorsal nucleus bypasses primary cortices, sending their axons directly to secondary and association cortices. The cells also send axons directly to many parts of the brain, including nuclei of the limbic system such as the lateral nucleus of the amygdala, the anterior cingulate, and the hippocampus. This part of the sensory system, known as the non-classical or extralemniscal system is less accurate, and less detailed in regards to sensory signal analysis. This processing is known colloquially as "fast and dirty" rather than the "slow and accurate" system of classical or lemniscal system. This pathway activates parts of the brain that evoke emotional responses.
Clinical significance
Damage to the medial dorsal nucleus has been associated with Korsakoff's syndrome.
Additional images
References
- ^ Li XB, Inoue T, Nakagawa S, Koyama T (May 2004). "Effect of mediodorsal thalamic nucleus lesion on contextual fear conditioning in rats". Brain Res. 1008 (2): 261–72. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.02.038. PMID 15145764.
- ^ Jacob Jelsing, Anders Hay-Schmidt, Tim Dyrby, Ralf Hemmingsen, Harry B. M. Uylings, Bente Pakkenberg (2006). "The prefrontal cortex in the Göttingen minipig brain defined by neural projection criteria and cytoarchitecture". Brain Research Bulletin 70 (4–6): 322–336. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.06.009. PMID 17027768.
- ^ Maja Abitz, Rune Damgaard Nielsen, Edward G. Jones, Henning Laursen, Niels Graem and Bente Pakkenberg (2007). "Excess of Neurons in the Human Newborn Mediodorsal Thalamus Compared with That of the Adult". Cerebral Cortex 17 (11): 2573–2578. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhl163. PMID 17218480.
- Aage R. Moller "Pain: Its anatomy, physiology and treatment" 2012
External links
- Stained brain slice images which include the "Mediodorsal nucleus" at the BrainMaps project
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Anatomy of the diencephalon of the human brain
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|
| Epithalamus |
| Surface |
- Pineal gland
- Habenula
- Habenular trigone
- Habenular commissure
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|
| Grey matter |
- Pretectal area
- Habenular nuclei
- Subcommissural organ
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|
|
| Thalamus |
| Surface |
- Stria medullaris of thalamus
- Thalamic reticular nucleus
- Taenia thalami
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|
Grey matter/
nuclei |
- paired: AN
- Ventral
- Lateral
- Metathalamus
- midline: MD
- Intralaminar
- Midline nuclear group
- Interthalamic adhesion
|
|
| White matter |
- Mammillothalamic fasciculus
- Pallidothalamic tracts
- Ansa lenticularis
- Lenticular fasciculus
- Thalamic fasciculus
- PCML
- Medial lemniscus
- Trigeminal lemniscus
- Spinothalamic tract
- Lateral lemniscus
- Dentatothalamic tract
- Acoustic radiation
- Optic radiation
- Subthalamic fasciculus
- Anterior trigeminothalamic tract
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|
|
| Hypothalamus |
| Surface |
- Median eminence/Tuber cinereum
- Mammillary body
- Infundibulum
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| Grey matter |
| Autonomic zones |
- Anterior (parasympathetic/heat loss)
- Posterior (sympathetic/heat conservation)
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| Endocrine |
- posterior pituitary: Paraventricular
- Magnocellular neurosecretory cell
- Parvocellular neurosecretory cell
- Supraoptic
- other: Arcuate (dopamine/GHRH)
- Preoptic (GnRH)
- Suprachiasmatic (melatonin)
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| Emotion |
- Lateral
- Ventromedial
- Dorsomedial
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|
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| White matter |
- afferent
- Medial forebrain bundle
- Retinohypothalamic tract
- efferent
- Mammillothalamic fasciculus
- Stria terminalis
- Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
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|
| Pituitary |
- Posterior is diencephalon, but anterior is glandular
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|
|
| Subthalamus |
- Subthalamic nucleus
- Zona incerta
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|
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Index of the central nervous system
|
|
| Description |
- Anatomy
- meninges
- cortex
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- lateral ventricles
- basal ganglia
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
- medulla
- spinal cord
- Physiology
- Development
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|
| Disease |
- Addiction
- Cerebral palsy
- Meningitis
- Demyelinating diseases
- Seizures and epilepsy
- Headache
- Stroke
- Sleep
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- head and neck
- eponymous
- lesions
- Tests
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- general anesthetics
- analgesics
- dependence
- epilepsy
- cholinergics
- migraine
- Parkinson's
- vertigo
- other
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|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The thalamus in drug addiction: from rodents to humans.
- Huang AS1, Mitchell JA2, Haber SN3, Alia-Klein N1,4, Goldstein RZ5,4.
- Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.2018 Mar 19;373(1742). pii: 20170028. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0028.
- PMID 29352027
- Prefrontal-Thalamic Anatomical Connectivity and Executive Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia.
- Giraldo-Chica M1, Rogers BP2, Damon SM3, Landman BA4, Woodward ND5.
- Biological psychiatry.Biol Psychiatry.2018 Mar 15;83(6):509-517. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.09.022. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
- PMID 29113642
- Higher order thalamic nuclei resting network connectivity in early schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.
- Penner J1, Osuch EA2, Schaefer B3, Théberge J4, Neufeld RWJ5, Menon RS6, Rajakumar N7, Bourne JA8, Williamson PC4.
- Psychiatry research.Psychiatry Res.2018 Feb 28;272:7-16. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 8.
- PMID 29247717
Japanese Journal
- 記憶の神経解剖学的ネットワークと健忘 : 視床からの視点 (特集 視床と高次脳機能)
- Thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and its participation in spatial working memory processes: comparison with the prefrontal cortex
Related Links
- The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus) is a large nucleus in the thalamus. It is believed to play a role in ... "Effect of mediodorsal thalamic nucleus lesion on contextual fear conditioning in rats". Brain Res. 1008 ( 2): ...
- 13 Jan 2010 ... Functional Interaction of Medial Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus But Not Nucleus Accumbens with Amygdala and Orbital Prefrontal Cortex Is Essential for Adaptive Response Selection after Reinforcer Devaluation ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
[★]
背内側核
- 関
- dorsal medial nucleus、dorsomedial nucleus、dorsomedial thalamic nucleus、medial dorsal nucleus、mediodorsal thalamic nucleus
[★]
背内側核、背側内側核
- 関
- dorsomedial nucleus、dorsomedial thalamic nucleus、medial dorsal nucleus、mediodorsal nucleus、mediodorsal thalamic nucleus
[★]
- 英
- mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, MD, dorsomedial nucleus
- ラ
- nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami
- 同
- 視床背側内側核, 視床DM核
- 関
- 視床
[★]
背内側核
- 関
- dorsal medial nucleus、dorsomedial nucleus、dorsomedial thalamic nucleus、mediodorsal nucleus、mediodorsal thalamic nucleus
[★]
- 関
- thalami、thalamo、thalamus
[★]
視床
- 関
- thalamic、thalamo、thalamus
[★]
- 関
- dorsomedial
[★]
視床核
- 関
- thalamic nuclei