同: MCV

WordNet

have a specified degree of importance; "My ex-husband means nothing to me"; "Happiness means everything"
an average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the numbers and dividing by some function of n (同)mean_value
mean or intend to express or convey; "You never understand what I mean!"; "what do his words intend?" (同)intend
denote or connote; "`maison means `house in French"; "An example sentence would show what this word means" (同)intend, signify, stand_for
(used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity; "a mean person"; "he left a miserly tip" (同)mingy, miserly, tight
destine or designate for a certain purpose; "These flowers were meant for you"
excellent; "famous for a mean backhand"
a relative amount; "mix one volume of the solution with ten volumes of water"
the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object; "the gas expanded to twice its original volume"
the magnitude of sound (usually in a specified direction); "the kids played their music at full volume" (同)loudness, intensity
a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications; "the third volume was missing"; "he asked for the 1989 volume of the Annual Review"
small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
rich in significance or implication; "a meaning look" (同)pregnant, significant
the message that is intended or expressed or signified; "what is the meaning of this sentence"; "the significance of a red traffic light"; "the signification of Chinese characters"; "the import of his announcement was ambiguous" (同)significance, signification, import
the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?" (同)substance
considerable capital (wealth or income); "he is a man of means" (同)substance
how a result is obtained or an end is achieved; "a means of control"; "an example is the best agency of instruction"; "the true way to success" (同)agency, way
an instrumentality for accomplishing some end

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈人が〉…‘を'『意図する』,‘の'つもりである;…‘を'言おうとある;示そうとする / 〈単語・句・文章などが〉…‘を'『意味を持つ』,‘を'『意味する』 / (人に対して)…‘を'当てる,向ける《+『名』+『for』+『名』》 / 《受動態で》〈人・物〉‘を'(…)向きにする / 〈物事が〉…‘を'示す,表す / (結果として)〈物事が〉…‘を'もたらす,生じさせる / 《『mean』+『for』+『名』+『to』 do》《米話》(…が…するような)つもりでいる
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(品質・価値・才能などが)『劣った』,つまらない / (人・行為などが)『卑劣な』,さもしい / 《古》(身分・地位などが)卑しい / 《まれ》(身なり・建物などが)みずぼらしい,見るもあわれな / 《米話》(動物が)御しにくい;(一般に)扱いにくい
中庸,中道 / (数学で) / 平均[値];(特に)算術平均,相加平均 / (比例式の)中項,内項 / (両極端の)中間の,中央に位置する / (大きさ・品質・程度などが)平均的な,平均の
〈C〉(特に分厚い)『本』,書物 / 〈C〉(シリーズものの)『巻』,冊(《略》(単数形で)vol.,(複数形で)vols.) / 〈U〉(…の)『体積』,容積《+of+名》 / 〈U〉〈C〉)…の)『量』,かさ《+of+名》 / 〈U〉(…の)『音量』,音の強さ,ボリューム《+of+名》 / 《複数形で》多量(の…),たくさん(の…)《+of+名》
(刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞
(・・・の)『目的』,意義《+『of』+『名』》 / (吾・文の)『意味』(sense)《+『of』+『名』》 / 意味ありげな様子,意味深長 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》意味ありげな,意味常長な / 《複合吾を作って》・・・するつもりの,の意図をもった
〈C〉《単数・複数扱い》『方法』,『手段』 / 《複数扱い》『資力』,『財産』,富

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/14 05:49:47」(JST)

wiki en

The mean corpuscular volume, or mean cell volume (MCV), is a measure of the average volume of a red blood corpuscle (or red blood cell). The measure is attained by multiplying a volume of blood by the proportion of blood that is cellular (the hematocrit (or haematocrit)), and dividing that product by the number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in that volume. The mean corpuscular volume is a part of a standard complete blood count. In a laboratory test that computes MCV, erythrocytes are compacted during centrifugation.

In patients with anemia, it is the MCV measurement that allows classification as either a microcytic anemia (MCV below normal range), normocytic anemia (MCV within normal range) or macrocytic anemia (MCV above normal range). Normocytic anemia is usually deemed so because the bone marrow has not yet responded with a change in cell volume. It occurs occasionally in acute conditions, namely blood loss and hemolysis.

To calculate MCV, which is expressed in femtoliters (fL, or 10⁻¹⁵L), hematocrit (Hct) as a decimal is divided by RBC. RBC is the quantity of erythrocytes expressed in millions per microliter (μL). The normal range for MCV is 80–100 fL. For example, if the hematocrit equals 42.5% and RBC = 4.58 million per microliter (4,580,000/μL), then the following equation would obtain. MCV = Hrt/RBC. MCV = 0.425/([4.58 * 10⁶]/10⁻⁶ L). Then, multiplying both the numerator and the denominator of the divisor by 10⁻⁶, the divisor becomes (4.58*10⁶*10⁻⁶)/(10⁻⁶*10⁻⁶ L). MCV = 0.425/(4.58/10⁻¹² L). Then, after inverting the divisor and multiplying it by the dividend, the result is (0.425*10⁻¹² L)/4.58, which = 0.0928*10⁻¹² L, which = 92.8*10⁻¹⁵ L, which = 92.8 fL. ^{[clarification needed]}
Use of volume-sensitive automated blood cell counters, such as the Coulter counter. In this type of apparatus, the red cells pass one-by-one through a small aperture and generate a signal directly proportional to their volume.
Other automated counters measure red blood cell volume by means of techniques that measure refracted, diffracted, or scattered light.^[1]

If the MCV was determined by automated equipment, the result can be compared to RBC morphology on a peripheral blood smear. Any deviation would usually be indicative of either faulty equipment or technician error, although there are some conditions that present with high MCV without megaloblastic cells.

For further specification, it can be used to calculate red blood cell distribution width.

Interpretation

The normal reference range is typically 80-100 fL.^[2]

High

In pernicious anemia (macrocytic), MCV can range up to 150 femtolitres. An elevated MCV is also associated with alcoholism^[3] (as are an elevated GGT and a ratio of AST:ALT of 2:1). Vitamin B12 and/or folic acid deficiency has also been associated with macrocytic anemia (high MCV numbers).

Low

The most common causes of microcytic anemia are iron deficiency (due to inadequate dietary intake, gastrointestinal blood loss, or menstrual blood loss), thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia or chronic disease. In iron deficiency anemia (microcytic anemia), it can be as low as 60 to 70 femtolitres. In some cases of thalassemia, the MCV may be low even though the patient is not iron deficient.

Worked example

Measure	Units	Conventional units	Conversion
Hct	40%
Hb	100 grams/liter	10 grams/deciliter	(deci- is 10⁻¹)
RBC	5E+12 cells/liter	5E+6 cells/μL	(micro is 10⁻⁶)
MCV = Hct / RBC	8E-14 liters/cell	80 femtoliters/cell	(femto- is 10⁻¹⁵)
MCH = Hb / RBC	2E-11 grams/cell	20 picograms/cell	(pico- is 10⁻¹²)
MCHC = MCH / MCV	250 grams/liter	25 grams/deciliter	(deci is 10⁻¹)

Derivation

The MCV can be conceptualized as the total volume of a group of cells divided by their number. For a real world sized example, imagine you had 10 small jellybeans with a combined volume of 10 µL. The mean volume of a jellybean in this group would be 10 µL / 10 jellybeans = 1 µL / jellybean. A similar calculation works for the MCV.

1. You measure the RBC index in cells/µL. Take the reciprocal (1/RBC index) to convert it to µL/cell.

1/5E6 (cells/µL) = 2E-7 (µL/cell).

2. The 1 µL is only made of a proportion of red cells (e.g. 45%) with the rest of the volume composed of plasma. Multiply by the hematocrit to take this into account.

2E-7 (µL/cell) * 0.4 (hematocrit has no units) = 8E-8 µL/cell.

3. Finally convert the units of uL to fL by multiplying by 10^9. The result would look like this.

8E-8 µL/cell* (1E9 fL / 1 µL) = 80 fL/cell

Note: The shortcut proposed above just makes the units work out: 10*40/5=80

References

^ Stanley L Schrier, MD Stephen A Landaw, MD, PhD (30 September 2011). "Mean corpuscular volume". uptodate.com.
^ MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: RBC indices
^ Tønnesen H, Hejberg L, Frobenius S, Andersen J (1986). "Erythrocyte mean cell volume--correlation to drinking pattern in heavy alcoholics". Acta Med Scand 219 (5): 515–8. doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb03348.x. PMID 3739755.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 平均赤血球容積 mean corpuscular volume
2. 貧血を有する成人患者に対するアプローチ approach to the adult patient with anemia
3. 自動血液分析装置 automated hematology instrumentation
4. 鎌状細胞貧血における臨床的ばらつき clinical variability in sickle cell anemia
5. 赤血球細胞の力学 red blood cell mechanics

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Japanese Journal

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