WordNet

put an end to; "The terrible news ended our hopes that he had survived"
a final state; "he came to a bad end"; "the so-called glorious experiment came to an inglorious end" (同)destruction, death
the point in time at which something ends; "the end of the year"; "the ending of warranty period" (同)ending
bring to an end or halt; "She ended their friendship when she found out that he had once been convicted of a crime"; "The attack on Poland terminated the relatively peaceful period after WW I" (同)terminate
a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold (同)remainder, remnant, oddment
(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "no one wanted to play end"
the part you are expected to play; "he held up his end"
the concluding parts of an event or occurrence; "the end was exciting"; "I had to miss the last of the movie" (同)last, final_stage
either extremity of something that has length; "the end of the pier"; "she knotted the end of the thread"; "they rode to the end of the line"; "the terminals of the anterior arches of the fornix" (同)terminal
(football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage; "the end managed to hold onto the pass"
a boundary marking the extremities of something; "the end of town"
a final part or section; "we have given it at the end of the section since it involves the calculus"; "Start at the beginning and go on until you come to the end"
one of two places from which people are communicating to each other; "the phone rang at the other end"; "both ends wrote at the same time"
the surface at either extremity of a three-dimensional object; "one end of the box was marked `This side up"
have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical; "the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed"; "Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other"; "My property ends by the bushes"; "The symphony ends in a pianissimo" (同)stop, finish, terminate, cease
be the end of; be the last or concluding part of; "This sad scene ended the movie" (同)terminate
to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; "let her be"
work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; "He is a herpetologist"; "She is our resident philosopher" (同)follow
have life, be alive; "Our great leader is no more"; "My grandfather lived until the end of war" (同)live
be identical to; be someone or something; "The president of the company is John Smith"; "This is my house"
happen, occur, take place; "I lost my wallet; this was during the visit to my parents house"; "There were two hundred people at his funeral"; "There was a lot of noise in the kitchen"
have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; "Where is my umbrella?" "The toolshed is in the back"; "What is behind this behavior?"
spend or use time; "I may be an hour"
stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse" (同)wager, play
the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet" (同)wager
maintain with or as if with a bet; "I bet she will be there!" (同)wager
second in order of importance; "the candidate, considered a beta male, was perceived to be unable to lead his party to victory"
the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; "a beta version"; "beta software"
event whose occurrence ends something; "his death marked the ending of an era"; "when these final episodes are broadcast it will be the finish of the show" (同)conclusion, finish
the end of a word (a suffix or inflectional ending or final morpheme); "I dont like words that have -ism as an ending" (同)termination

PrepTutorEJDIC

(細いものの)『端』,先端《+『of』+『名』》 / (物語などの)『終り』,終結部《+『of』+『名』》 / (物事・期間の)『最後』《+『of』+『名』》;(…に)結末をつけるもの《+『to』+『名』》 / (…の)端の部分,末端部《『of』+『名』》 / 《しばしば複数形で》『目的』(purpose),目標(aim) / 《遠回しに》死,滅亡 / 《しばしば複数形で》切れ端,くず,残りもの / (事業などの)部門(part) / (フットボールで)エンド)前衛両端の選手または位置) / …‘を'『終わらせる』,終える / 〈物事が〉…‘の'終りとなる,‘を'締めくくる / 『終わる』,終了する(come to an end)
《連結語として補語を伴なって…『である』,…だ,…です / 《位置・場所を表す語句を伴って》(…に)『ある』,いる(occupy a place or situation) / 〈物事が〉『存在する』,ある(exist);〈生物が〉生存する,生きている(live) / 行われる,起こる,発生する(take place, occur) / 存続する,そのままでいる(remain as before) / 《『be to』 do》 / …する予定である,…することになっている / …すべきだ / 《受動態の不定詞を伴って》…できる / 《命令》…するのだ / 《条件節に》…する意図がある / 《『if…were to』 do》…するとしたなら / 《『be』 do『ing』》《進行形》 / 《進行中の動作》…している,しつつある / 《近い未来》…しようとしている,するつもり / 《動作の反復》(いつも)…している / 《『be』+『他動詞の過去分詞』》《受動態》…される,されている / 《『be』+『自動詞の過去分詞』》《完了形》…した[状態にある]
『かけ』・(…との)かけ《+『with』+『名』》 / かけた物(金) / かけの対象 / 〈金・物〉'を'『かける』 / (かけ事・ゲームなどで)〈人〉‘と'『かけをする』《+『名』〈人〉+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)『かける』《+『on』(『against』)+『名』(one's do『ing』)》
ベータ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第2文字;B,β;英語のB,b に遭当)
終り,終了;(物語・映画などの)結末 / (文の)語尾

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/15 04:55:40」(JST)

wiki en

The enzyme Endoglycosidase H (EC 3.2.1.96, Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, N,N'-diacetylchitobiosyl beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, mannosyl-glycoprotein endo-beta-N-acetylglucosamidase, di-N-acetylchitobiosyl beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, endo-beta-acetylglucosaminidase, endo-beta-(1->4)-N-acetylglucosaminidase, mannosyl-glycoprotein 1,4-N-acetamidodeoxy-beta-D-glycohydrolase, endoglycosidase S, endo-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, endo-N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase D, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase L, glycopeptide-D-mannosyl-4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)2-asparagine 1,4-N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminohydrolase, endoglycosidase H) is an enzyme with system name glycopeptide-D-mannosyl-N4-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)2-asparagine 1,4-N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminohydrolase.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] It is a highly specific endoglycosidase which cleaves asparagine-linked mannose rich oligosaccharides, but not highly processed complex oligosaccharides from glycoproteins. It is used for research purposes to deglycosylate glycoproteins.

Structure and Activity

Endoglycosidase H is isolated from Streptomyces plicatus or Streptomyces griseus. Its molecular weight is 29 000 Daltons. The primary structure is described by Robbins 1984^[7]

Endoglycosidase H cleaves the bond in the diacetylchitobiose core of the oligosaccharide between two N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) subunits directly proximal to the asparagine residue, generating a truncated sugar molecule with one N-acetylglucosamine residue remaining on the asparagine.^[8]

It deglycosylates mannose glycoproteins, but the extent and rate of the deglycosylation depends to a high degree on the nature of the glycoproteins. The deglycosylation rate can be increased by denaturation of the glycoproteins (e.g., by carboxymethylation, sulfitolysis or by heating in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate). The addition of 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol highly increases enzyme activity against glycoproteins containing inter- or intra-molecular disulfide bridges, unlike detergents like Triton X-100, n- Octylglucoside, or zwitterionic detergents.^[9]

Biochemical Applications

Endoglycosidase H (Endo H) is commonly used by cell biologists to monitor posttranslational modification in the Golgi apparatus. Most proteins destined for the cell surface are translated by ribosomes into the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and translocated into the Golgi. Upon entering the ER a molecule containing 14 sugar subunits is linked en bloc to an asparagine in a selective manner by the enzyme oligosaccharyl transferase. It is this oligosaccharide molecule which is modified by a series of enzymes as the protein moves through the different compartments of the Golgi apparatus. Endoglycosidase H is able to cleave each structure of this oligosaccharide as it is processed until the enzyme Golgi alpha-mannosidase II removes two mannose subunits. Since all later oligosaccharide structures are resistant to Endo H cleavage the enzyme is widely used to report the extent of oligosaccharide processing a protein of interest has undergone.^[10]

References

^ Chien, S., Weinburg, R., Li, S. and Li, Y. (1977). "Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase from fig latex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 76: 317–323. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(77)90727-6.
^ Koide, N. and Muramatsu, T. (1974). "Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase acting on carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Diplococcus pneumoniae". J. Biol. Chem. 249: 4897–4904. PMID 4152561.
^ Pierce, R.J., Spik, G. and Montreuil, J. (1979). "Cytosolic location of an endo-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity in rat liver and kidney". Biochem. J. 180: 673–673. PMID 486141.
^ Pierce, R.J., Spik, G. and Montreuil, J. (1980). "Demonstration and cytosolic location of an endo-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity towards an asialo-N-acetyl-lactosaminic-type substrate in rat liver". Biochem. J. 185: 261–264. PMID 7378051.
^ Tai, T., Yamashita, K., Ogata-Arakawa, M., Koide, N., Muramatsu, T., Iwashita, S., Inoue, Y. and Kobata, A. (1975). "Structural studies of two ovalbumin glycopeptides in relation to the endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase specificity". J. Biol. Chem. 250: 8569–8575. PMID 389.
^ Tarentino, A.L., Plummer, T.H., Jr. and Maley, F. (1974). "The release of intact oligosaccharides from specific glycoproteins by endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H". J. Biol. Chem. 249: 818–824. PMID 4204553.
^ Robbins P. W., R. B. Trimble, D. F. Wirth, C. Hering, F.Maley , G. F. Maley, R. Das, B. W. Gibson, N. Royal and K. Biemann. Primary structure of the Streptomyces enzyme endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. J Biol Chem 259:7577-7583 (1984).
^ Endoglycosidase H, North Star
^ Trimble, R. B. & Maley, F. (1984) Anal. Biochem. 141, 515–522
^ Alberts et al. (2002) Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fourth Edition ISBN 0-8153-4072-9

External links

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature - EC 3.2.1.96

Close enzymes

Endoglycosidases F and D, cleave Glc-Nac

PNGase F (Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine_amidase)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase forms N-GlcNAc protein aggregates during ER-associated degradation in Ngly1-defective cells.

Huang C1, Harada Y2, Hosomi A2, Masahara-Negishi Y2, Seino J2, Fujihira H2, Funakoshi Y2, Suzuki T3, Dohmae N3, Suzuki T4.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2015 Feb 3;112(5):1398-403. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1414593112. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
The cytoplasmic peptide:N-glycanase (PNGase; Ngly1 in mice) is a deglycosylating enzyme involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) process. The precise role of Ngly1 in the ERAD process, however, remains unclear in mammals. The findings reported herein, using mouse embr
PMID 25605922

A cholesterol consensus motif is required for efficient intracellular transport and raft association of a group 2 HA from influenza virus.

de Vries M1, Herrmann A2, Veit M1.
The Biochemical journal.Biochem J.2015 Jan 15;465(2):305-14. doi: 10.1042/BJ20141114.
The HA (haemagglutinin) of influenza viruses must be recruited to membrane rafts to perform its function in membrane fusion and virus budding. We previously showed using FRET that deletion of the two raft-targeting features of HA, S-acylation at the cytoplasmic tail and the hydrophobic amino acids V
PMID 25330796

Evidence for vital role of endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase in the resistance of Arthrobacter protophormiae RKJ100 towards elevated concentrations of o-nitrobenzoate.

Pandey J1, Khan F, Mahajan V, Pant M, Jain RK, Pandey G.
Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions.Extremophiles.2014 May;18(3):491-500. doi: 10.1007/s00792-014-0632-2. Epub 2014 Feb 23.
Arthrobacter protophormiae RKJ100 was previously characterized for its ability to tolerate extremely high concentrations of o-nitrobenzoate (ONB), a toxic xenobiotic environmental pollutant. The physiological responses of strain RKJ100 to ≥30 mM ONB indicated towards a resistance mechanism manifes
PMID 24562786

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「マンノース糖タンパク質エンドβ-N-アセチルグルコサミニダーゼ」
関連記事	「end」「n」「N」「endo」「ending」

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Mannosyl-glycoprotein endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase
Identifiers
EC number	3.2.1.96
CAS number	37278-88-9
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
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PMC	articles
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NCBI	proteins