(解剖)乳頭体

関: corpus mamillare、mamillary body、mammillary

同: 乳頭体

WordNet

invest with or as with a body; give body to (同)personify
the external structure of a vehicle; "the body of the car was badly rusted"
the main mass of a thing
a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person; "they found the body in the lake" (同)dead body
the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being); "he felt as if his whole body were on fire" (同)organic structure, physical structure
a collection of particulars considered as a system; "a body of law"; "a body of doctrine"; "a body of precedents"
a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity; "the whole body filed out of the auditorium"; "the student body"; "administrative body"
an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objects; "heavenly body"
the central message of a communication; "the body of the message was short"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『身体』,肉体 / 〈C〉(人・動物の)『胴体』 / 〈C〉)物の)『主要部』,本体《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『団体』,群れ:(…のたくさんの)集まり《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉物体,…体 / 〈U〉実質;(酒・味などの)こく / 〈C〉《話》人
《英話》人;(特に)男

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/03/07 16:10:54」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

The mammillary bodies are a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain that, as part of the diencephalon, form part of the limbic system. They are located at the ends of the anterior arches of the fornix.^[1] They consist of two groups of nuclei, the medial mammillary nuclei and the lateral mammillary nuclei.^[2]

Neuroanatomists have often categorized the mammillary bodies as part of the hypothalamus.^[3]

It was previously also known as corpus albicans, but later this term became obsolete due to the degenerated corpus luteum also being called so.

Structure

Connections

They are connected to other parts of the brain (as shown in the schematic, below left), and act as a relay for impulses coming from the amygdalae and hippocampi, via the mamillo-thalamic tract to the thalamus.

This circuit, from amygdalae to mammillary bodies, and then on to the thalamus, is part of the larger Papez circuit.

Function

Mammillary bodies, and their projections to the anterior thalamus via the mammillothalamic tract, are important for recollective memory.^[4] The medial mammillary nucleus is mainly responsible for the spatial memory deficits that are seen in rats with mammillary body lesions.^[4]

Clinical significance

Damage to the mammillary bodies due to thiamine deficiency is implied in pathogenesis of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Symptoms include impaired memory, also called anterograde amnesia, suggesting that the mammillary bodies may be important for memory. Lesions of the medial dorsal and anterior nuclei of the thalami and lesions of the mammillary bodies are commonly involved in amnesic syndromes in humans.^[5]

Mammillary body atrophy is present in a number of other conditions, such as colloid cysts in the third ventricle, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, heart failure, and sleep apnea. In spite of this the exact function of the mammillary bodies is still not clear.^[4]

Additional images

Brain
Human brainstem anterior view
Basal view of a human brain
Mammillary body shown in red(animation)
Mammillary body
Cerebrum. Deep dissection. Inferior dissection.
Cerebral peduncle, optic chasm, cerebral aqueduct. Inferior view. Deep dissection.
Cerebral peduncle, optic chasm, cerebral aqueduct. Inferior view. Deep dissection.
Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum. Optic and olfactory nerves.Inferior view. Deep dissection.
Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere.Medial view.Deep dissection.
Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere.Medial view.Deep dissection.
Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere.Medial view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum. Inferior view.Deep dissection
Cerebrum. Inferior view.Deep dissection

References

^ "Mammillary Bodies". Springer Reference. Retrieved 2013-06-03.
^ Vann S, Aggleton J (2004). "The mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one?" (PDF). Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 (1): 35–44. doi:10.1038/nrn1299. PMID 14708002. .
^ M.B. Carpenter and J. Sutin: Human Neuroanatomy (8th edition) 1983
^ ^a ^b ^c Seralynne D. Vann (2010). "Re-evaluating the role of the mammillary bodies in memory" (PDF). Neuropsychologia. 48 (8): 2316–2327. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.019. PMID 19879886.
^ Duprez T, Serieh B, Raftopoulos C (1 January 2005). "Absence of memory dysfunction after bilateral mammillary body and mammillothalamic tract electrode implantation: preliminary experience in three patients". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology. 26 (1): 195–7; author reply 197–8. PMID 15661728.

External links

"Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-3". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Actual state of EndActive ventricular endoscopy.

Ebner FH, Hirt B, Marquardt JS, Herlan S, Tatagiba M, Schuhmann MU.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany.
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery.Childs Nerv Syst.2012 Jan;28(1):87-91. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
PURPOSE: We assessed usability and applicability of a rigid, multidirectional steerable videoendoscope (EndActive, Karl Storz GmbH, Tuttlingen, Germany) for endoscopic third ventriculostomy and compared our experience with reports about other multidirectional endoscopes.METHODS: The prototype is a 4
PMID 21850468

Analysis of the anatomy of the Papez circuit and adjoining limbic system by fiber dissection techniques.

Shah A, Jhawar SS, Goel A.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Seth G.S Medical College and King Edward VII Memorial Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2011 Dec 28. [Epub ahead of print]
Fiber dissection techniques were used to study the limbic system, in particular the Papez circuit. The course, length and anatomical relations of the structures that make up the Papez circuit were delineated. Ten previously frozen and formalin-fixed cadaveric human brains were used, and dissected ac
PMID 22209397

Thiamine deficiency related microstructural brain changes in acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure of non-alcoholic etiology.

Gupta RK, Yadav SK, Saraswat VA, Rangan M, Srivastava A, Yadav A, Trivedi R, Yachha SK, Rathore RK.SourceDepartment of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland).Clin Nutr.2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mammillary body atrophy in alcoholic liver disease usually indicates thiamine deficiency. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among blood thiamine, mammillary bodies, major fiber bundle fractional anisotropy, and volume changes with diffusion tensor tract
PMID 22172599

Japanese Journal

Clinical Significance of Mammillary Body Enhancement in Wernicke Encephalopathy: Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature

KONNO Yoshihiro,KANOTO Masafumi,HOSOYA Takaaki,TOYOGUCHI Yuki,KAWANAMI Toru,KATO Takeo
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences 13(2), 123-126, 2014
… In 2 cases of Wernicke encephalopathy in which the initial symptom was double vision, the only abnormal finding on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was abnormal enhancement of the mammillary bodies. … The mammillary bodies are the region most vulnerable to abnormal enhancement. …
NAID 130003393000

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy for Obstructive Hydrocephalus Caused by a Large Upper Basilar Artery Aneurysm After Coil Embolization : Case Report

SATO Masayuki,NAKAI Yasunobu,TAKIGAWA Tomoji,TAKANO Shingo,MATSUMURA Akira
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 52(11), 832-834, 2012-11-15
… We detected a pulsating upper BA aneurysm that appeared to have caused a reddish color change in the right mammillary body and the right side of the thalamus and midbrain. …
NAID 10031125977

間脳性健忘

西尾慶之,森悦朗
高次脳機能研究 : 日本高次脳機能障害学会誌 = Higher brain function research 31(3), 294-300, 2011-09-30
NAID 10031128163

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「乳頭体」「corpus mamillare」
関連記事	「mammillary」「body」

「乳頭体」

Mammillary body
	The hypophysis cerebri in position. Shown in sagittal section. (Label "corpus mamillare" at right.)
	Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle. (Label "corpora mamillaria" at bottom.)
Details
Part of	Diencephalon
System	Limbic
Parts	medial mammillary nucleus; lateral mammillary nucleus
Identifiers
Latin	Corpus mamillare; (Plural: Corpora mamillaria)
Acronym(s)	mmb
MeSH	D008326
NeuroNames	412
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_865
TA	A14.1.08.402
FMA	74877
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

英: mammillary body (KH)
ラ: corpus mamillare
関: 大脳辺縁系

視床下部に含まれる構造
漏斗の下にある一対の丸い高まり
大脳辺縁系に含められている(SCN.50)
海馬から脳弓を介して乳頭体にいたり、乳頭体視床束を介して視床に達する。

■海馬→海馬采→脳弓→乳頭体→視床→帯状束→海馬：ペーペズ回路

臨床関連

コルサコフ症候群：両側の乳頭体の障害

失見当識(disorientation)、近時記憶障害(recent memory disturbance)、作話(confabulation)

「corpus mamillare」

　　[★]

乳頭体

関: mamillary body、mammillary、mammillary body

「mammillary」

　　[★]

乳頭状の、乳頭様の、乳頭体の

関: corpus mamillare、fungiform、mamillary body、mammillary body

「body」

　　[★]

n.

体、本体、身体、ボディー

[1] "Mammillary Bodies". Springer Reference. Retrieved 2013-06-03.

[2] Vann S, Aggleton J (2004). "The mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one?" (PDF). Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 (1): 35–44. doi:10.1038/nrn1299. PMID 14708002. .

[3] M.B. Carpenter and J. Sutin: Human Neuroanatomy (8th edition) 1983

[Vann2009-4] Seralynne D. Vann (2010). "Re-evaluating the role of the mammillary bodies in memory" (PDF). Neuropsychologia. 48 (8): 2316–2327. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.019. PMID 19879886.

[5] Duprez T, Serieh B, Raftopoulos C (1 January 2005). "Absence of memory dysfunction after bilateral mammillary body and mammillothalamic tract electrode implantation: preliminary experience in three patients". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology. 26 (1): 195–7; author reply 197–8. PMID 15661728.

v t e Papez circuit pathway
Diencephalon	Mammillary body → Mammillothalamic tract → Anterior nuclei of thalamus →
Telencephalon	Anterior limb of internal capsule → Cingulate gyrus → Cingulum → Parahippocampal gyrus → Entorhinal cortex → Perforant path → Hippocampus/Hippocampal formation (CA3 → CA1 → Subiculum) → Fornix →

匿名

検索

案内

案内

mammillary body