関: male accessory sex organ

WordNet

for or pertaining to or composed of men or boys; "the male lead"; "the male population"
an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes (ova)
a person who belongs to the sex that cannot have babies (同)male person
characteristic of a man; "a deep male voice"; "manly sports" (同)manful, manlike, manly, virile
being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that perform the fertilizing function in generation; "a male infant"; "a male holly tree"
of or relating to the external sex organs; "genital herpes"; "venereal disease" (同)venereal
informal terms for a mother (同)mama, mamma, mom, momma, mommy, mammy, mum, mummy
external sex organ (同)genital_organ, genitals, private_parts, privates, crotch
the capital of Maldives in the center of the islands

PrepTutorEJDIC

『男性の』,男の;(動物が)雄の,(植物が)雄性の / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(機械・器具などが)雄の差し込み口のある / 『男性』;(動物の)雄,雄性植物
生殖の,生殖器の
《M-》《話》おかあちゃん(mamma)
=genitals

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/19 02:45:15」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Flowers are the sex organs of flowering plants.

A sex organ or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined, is any anatomical part of the body involved in sexual reproduction and constituting the reproductive system in a complex organism, especially the external sex organs; the external sex organs are also commonly referred to as the genitalia or genitals.^[1]^[2]

Flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants,^[3] cones are the reproductive organs of coniferous plants,^[4] whereas mosses, ferns, and other similar plants have gametangia for reproductive organs.^[5]

Terminology[edit]

The Latin term genitalia, sometimes anglicized as genital area, is used to describe the externally visible sex organs, known as primary genitalia or external genitalia: in males, the penis and scrotum; and in females, the clitoris and vulva.

The other, hidden sex organs are referred to as the secondary genitalia or internal genitalia. The most important of these are the gonads, a pair of sex organs, specifically the testes in the male or the ovaries in the female. Gonads are the true sex organs, generating reproductive gametes containing inheritable DNA. They also produce most of the primary hormones that affect sexual development, and regulate other sexual organs and sexually differentiated behaviors.

A more ambiguously defined term is erogenous zone, subjectively, any portion of the body that when stimulated produces erotic sensation, but always prominently including the genitalia.

Mammals[edit]

External and internal organs[edit]

Main articles: Human reproductive system, Mammal male reproductive system, and Mammal female reproductive system

The visible portion of the mammalian genitals for males consists of scrotum and a penis; for females, it consists of the labia, clitoris and vagina.

In humans, women have two genital orifices, the vagina and urethra, while men have only one, the urethra. Male and female genitals have many nerve endings, resulting in pleasurable and highly sensitive touch.^[6]^[7] In most human societies, particularly in conservative ones, genitals are considered a public indecency and sometimes even illegal if left uncovered in public.^[8]

In mammals, sex organs include:

Female	Male
Bartholin's glands Cervix Clitoris Clitoral frenulum Clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) Clitoral hood Fallopian tubes labium Labia majora Labia minora Frenulum of labia minora Ovaries Skene's gland Uterus Vagina Vulva An image of human female external sex organs (shaved of pubic hair)	Bulbourethral glands Epididymis Penis Foreskin Frenulum of penis Glans penis Prostate Scrotum Seminal vesicles Testicles An image of human male external sex organs

Development[edit]

Main article: Development of the reproductive system

In typical prenatal development, sexual organs originate from a common anlage anatomy during early gestation and differentiate into male or female variations. The SRY gene, usually located on the Y chromosome and encoding the testis determining factor, determines the direction of this differentiation. The absence of it allows the gonads to continue to develop into ovaries.

Thereafter, the development of the internal reproductive organs and the external genitalia is determined by hormones produced by certain fetal gonads (ovaries or testes) and the cells' response to them. The initial appearance of the fetal genitalia (a few weeks after conception) looks basically feminine: a pair of "urogenital folds" with a small protuberance in the middle, and the urethra behind the protuberance. If the fetus has testes, and if the testes produce testosterone, and if the cells of the genitals respond to the testosterone, the outer urogenital folds swell and fuse in the midline to produce the scrotum; the protuberance grows larger and straighter to form the penis; the inner urogenital swellings grow, wrap around the penis, and fuse in the midline to form the penile urethra.

Each sexual organ in one sex has a homologous counterpart in the other one. See a list of homologues of the human reproductive system. In a larger perspective, the whole process of sexual differentiation also includes development of secondary sexual characteristics such as patterns of pubic and facial hair and female breasts that emerge at puberty. Furthermore, differences in brain structure arise, affecting, but not absolutely determining, behavior.

Intersex is the development of genitalia somewhere between typical male and female genitalia. Once the child is born, the parents are faced with decisions that are often difficult to make, such as whether or not to modify the genitalia, assign the child as male or female, or leave the genitalia as is. Some parents allow their doctors to choose. If they do decide to modify the genitalia, they have approximately a 50% chance of getting genitalia that will match the child's gender identity. If they pick the wrong one, their child may begin to show symptoms of transsexualism, which can lead them to a life of discomfort until they are able to remedy the issue.^[9]

Plants[edit]

Main article: Plant reproductive morphology

Flowering plants[edit]

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the union of the male and female germ cells. The sex organs, contained within the flower, may contain both male and female sex organs (these are known as perfect, bisexual, or hermaphrodite) or only one of the two (known as imperfect or unisexual). Also, those plants whose flowers are unisexual may contain both male and female flowers, or there may be purely male and female plants of the same species.

During a plant's sexual reproduction the stamen (male sex organ) produces pollen from an anther. These male germ cells are carried to the pistil (female sex organ), with the ovary at its base where fertilization can take place. The male germ cells can be carried by air, rain, water, insects or other symbiotic animals, or simply by gravity.

References[edit]

^ "Sex organ (sɛks ˈɔːɡən)". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
^ P. R. Ashalatha, G. Deepa (2012). Textbook of Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses. JP Medical Ltd. pp. 252–274. ISBN 9350254239. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
^ "Flowering Plant Reproduction". Emc.maricopa.edu. 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
^ ibiblio.org
^ "Mosses and Ferns". Biology.clc.uc.edu. 2001-03-16. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
^ Sexual Intimacy in Marriage William Cutrer
^ Daphne's Dance: True Tales in the Evolution of Woman's Sexual Awareness Brigitta Olsen
^ Unpopular Privacy: What Must We Hide? retrieved 9 February 2012
^ Fausto Sterling, Anne (2000). Sexing The Body. New York: New York. pp. 44–77.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 外陰部異常を有する幼児の評価 evaluation of the infant with ambiguous genitalia
2. コロモジラミ症 pediculosis corporis
3. 痔疾患の外科的治療 surgical treatment of hemorrhoidal disease
4. 小児および思春期における性的虐待の評価 evaluation of sexual abuse in children and adolescents
5. 熱傷再建の原理：会陰および生殖器 principles of burn reconstruction perineum and genitalia

English Journal

The impact of genital trauma on wounded servicemen: Qualitative study.

Lucas PA1, Page PR2, Phillip RD2, Bennett AN3.Author information 1Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Headley Court, Surrey KT18 6JW, UK. Electronic address: lucasp@doctors.org.uk.2Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Headley Court, Surrey KT18 6JW, UK.3Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Headley Court, Surrey KT18 6JW, UK; Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, UK.AbstractBACKGROUND: Recent military operations in Afghanistan have resulted in considerable lower limb trauma. Associated with this trauma have been serious injuries to the genitalia. No previous study has looked at the effect of traumatic genital injury on the individual. This study expresses the impact of these injuries.
Injury.Injury.2014 May;45(5):825-829. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2013.12.009. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND: Recent military operations in Afghanistan have resulted in considerable lower limb trauma. Associated with this trauma have been serious injuries to the genitalia. No previous study has looked at the effect of traumatic genital injury on the individual. This study expresses the impact of
PMID 24560873

Analysis of the genitalia rotation in the male Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Dahan YL1, Koekemoer LL2.Author information 1Vector Control Reference Laboratory, Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical and Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, A Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.2Vector Control Reference Laboratory, Centre for Opportunistic, Tropical and Hospital Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, A Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: lizettek@nicd.ac.za.AbstractAnopheles funestus is a major malaria vector in Africa. Insecticide resistance has developed in populations of this species in several African countries, prompting the need to develop additional vector control methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT). This technique requires an understanding of those underlying physiological events that lead to sexual maturity of An. funestus males, the rotation of their genitalia in particular. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively describe genital rotation in An. funestus males as it is an essential function of sexual maturation. Genital rotation of all the males reached its final rotation stage (135-180° rotation) 36h post emergence at 23±1°C in laboratory colonised An. funestus males. These males had a comparable rotation rate to wild caught An. funestus at the same temperature setting. A temperature change (either 18±1°C or 29±1°C versus 23±1°C) significantly influenced the genital rotation rate such that this rate increased with increasing temperature. This information enhances our knowledge of the An. funestus male biology. This is important in terms of applying the sterile insect technique as the understanding and manipulation of the rate of sexual maturation in males has implications for the timing of sterile male release.
Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2014 Apr;132 Suppl:S20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.07.023. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
Anopheles funestus is a major malaria vector in Africa. Insecticide resistance has developed in populations of this species in several African countries, prompting the need to develop additional vector control methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT). This technique requires an understandi
PMID 23932945

Epidemiologic features of male genital malformations and subtypes in Texas.

Agopian AJ1, Langlois PH, Ramakrishnan A, Canfield MA.Author information 1Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.AbstractAlthough distinct categories of male genital malformations share some common risk factors, few studies have systematically compared epidemiologic features across phenotypes. We evaluated the relationship between several maternal and infant characteristics and five categories of male genital malformations: second- or third-degree hypospadias, hypospadias (regardless of degree), small penis, cryptorchidism, and any male genital malformation. Data for 16,813 cases with isolated male genital malformations and 1,945,841 male live births delivered from 1999 to 2008 were obtained from the Texas Birth Defects Registry. For each phenotype category, 13 maternal and infant variables were assessed, and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated based on the same multivariable Poisson regression model. A significant negative association was observed between previous live births versus no previous live births and four phenotypes (e.g., adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] for any male genital malformation: 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.81). The prevalence of 4 of the phenotypes was significantly higher among multiple versus singleton pregnancies (e.g., aPR for any male genital malformation: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.25-1.47). We also observed significant associations between multiple phenotypes and residential region at delivery, delivery year, month of conception, and maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, and birthplace, including significant associations for trends (maternal age, maternal education, and birth year modeled ordinally). Our results allow for comparison of characteristics across phenotypes and suggest that there may be some common risk factors for multiple male genital malformations (e.g., characteristics related to maternal estrogen levels), while other risk factors may be unique to specific defects. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
American journal of medical genetics. Part A.Am J Med Genet A.2014 Apr;164(4):943-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36389. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
Although distinct categories of male genital malformations share some common risk factors, few studies have systematically compared epidemiologic features across phenotypes. We evaluated the relationship between several maternal and infant characteristics and five categories of male genital malforma
PMID 24458943

Japanese Journal

Mating Behavior and the Function of the Male Genital Spine in the Ground Beetle Carabus clathratus

Okuzaki Yutaka,Takami Yasuoki,Tsuchiya Yuzo [他]
Zoological science 29(7), 428-432, 2012-07
NAID 40019342058

ハンノマイコガに近縁な日本産Stathmopoda属の4新種(鱗翅目,ニセマイコガ科)

寺田剛
蝶と蛾 63(1), 47-59, 2012-03-23
ハンノマイコガ(S. flavescens Kuznetzov)に近縁な日本産Stathmopoda属の4新種を記載した.ムラサキシキブマイコガ(新称)(S. magnisignata n. sp.)およびウスムラサキシブマイコガ(新称)(S. callicarpicola n. sp.)は外見的特徴が互いに似ており,雌雄で色彩が異なる.また,これら2種の雌とヒメムラサキシキブマイコガ(新称)(S …
NAID 110009425890

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リンク元	「男性生殖器」「男性性器」「男性器」「male accessory sex organ」
拡張検索	「female genitalia」
関連記事	「genital」「male」「males」