WordNet
- a toxic condition caused by inhaling or ingesting the insecticide Malathion
- the physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance (同)toxic condition, intoxication
- the act of giving poison to a person or animal with the intent to kill
- a yellow insecticide used as a dust or spray to control garden pests and house flies and mites
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Oral intralipid emulsion use: a novel therapeutic approach to pancreatic β-cell injury caused by malathion toxicity in rats.
- Tuzcu K, Alp H, Ozgur T, Karcioglu M, Davarci I, Evliyaoglu O, Karakus A, Hakimoglu S.Author information Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation .AbstractAbstract We aimed to investigate whether oral intralipid emulsion (OIE) reduces pancreatic β-cell injury (PβCI) by chelating with malathion (M), or increases PβCI by increasing M absorption in the stomach. Fifty rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group (C); OIE administered group (L); M-treated group (M); OIE-administered group immediately after given M (M0L); OIE-administered group 6 hours after being given M (M6L) and OIE administered group 12 hours after being given M (M12L). M induced PβCI, hyperglycemia, temporary hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress (OS). However, there was no significant difference in serum levels of glucose, insulin, total oxidants (TOS) and liver TOS between the M0L group and groups C and L. Also, insulin levels of M12L significantly increased, compared to the M6L group. Biochemical results, which were confirmed by histopathology, indicate that administering OIE after 6 hours and immediately after taking M may markedly prevent PβCI, hyperglycemia and OS. In addition, OIE's effectiveness decreased after 6 hours and was totally ineffective after 12 hours. We concluded that OIE may help to achieve a better prognosis and reduce mortality rate in cases presented to the emergency department, particularly within the first 6 hours, resulting from organophosphate pesticide poisoning by oral ingestion.
- Drug and chemical toxicology.Drug Chem Toxicol.2013 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
- Abstract We aimed to investigate whether oral intralipid emulsion (OIE) reduces pancreatic β-cell injury (PβCI) by chelating with malathion (M), or increases PβCI by increasing M absorption in the stomach. Fifty rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group (C); OIE administered group
- PMID 24180244
- Mechanisms of muscular electrophysiological and mitochondrial dysfunction following exposure to malathion, an organophosphorus pesticide.
- Karami-Mohajeri S, Hadian M, Fouladdel S, Azizi E, Ghahramani M, Hosseini R, Abdollahi M.Author information 1Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.AbstractMuscle dysfunction in acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning is a cause of death in human. The present study was conducted to identify the mechanism of action of OP in terms of muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Electromyography (EMG) was conducted on rats exposed to the acute oral dose of malathion (400 mg/kg) that could inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity up to 70%. The function of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the rate of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from intact mitochondria were measured. The bioenergetic pathways were studied by measurement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate, and glycogen. To identify mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of bax and bcl-2, protein expression of caspase-9, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and DNA damage were measured. The EMG confirmed muscle weakness. The reduction in activity of mitochondrial complexes and muscular glycogen with an elevation of lactate was in association with impairment of cellular respiration. The reduction in mitochondrial proapoptotic stimuli is indicative of autophagic process inducing cytoprotective effects in the early stage of stress. Downregulation of apoptotic signaling may be due to reduction in ATP and ROS, and genotoxic potential of malathion. The maintenance of mitochondrial integrity by means of artificial electron donors and increasing exogenous ATP might prevent toxicity of OPs.
- Human & experimental toxicology.Hum Exp Toxicol.2013 Jun 17. [Epub ahead of print]
- Muscle dysfunction in acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning is a cause of death in human. The present study was conducted to identify the mechanism of action of OP in terms of muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Electromyography (EMG) was conducted on rats exposed to the acute oral dose of malathion (
- PMID 23774768
- Fresh frozen plasma as a successful antidotal supplement in acute organophosphate poisoning.
- Vučinić S, Zlatković M, Antonijević B, Ćurčić M, Bošković B.Author information National Poison Control Centre, Medical Faculty, Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia.AbstractDespite improvements to intensive care management and specific pharmacological treatments (atropine, oxime, diazepam), the mortality associated with organophosphate (OP) poisoning has not substantially decreased. The objective of this examination was to describe the role of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in acute OP poisoning. After a deliberate ingestion of malathion, a 55-year-old male suffering from miosis, somnolence, bradycardia, muscular fasciculations, rales on auscultation, respiratory insufficiency, as well as from an inhibition of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), was admitted to hospital. Malathion was confirmed in a concentration of 18.01 mg L(-1). Apart from supportive measures (including mechanical ventilation for four days), antidotal treatment with atropine, oxime-pralidoxime methylsulphate (Contrathion(R)), and diazepam was administered, along with FFP. The potentially beneficial effects of FFP therapy included a prompt increase of BuChE activity (from 926 IU L(-1) to 3277 IU L(-1); reference range from 7000 IU L(-1) to 19000 IU L(-1)) and a reduction in the malathion concentration, followed by clinical recovery. Due to BuChE replacement, albumin content, and volume restitution, FFP treatment may be used as an alternative approach in patients with acute OP poisoning, especially when oximes are not available.
- Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju.Arh Hig Rada Toksikol.2013 Jun;64(2):87-91. doi: 10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2378.
- Despite improvements to intensive care management and specific pharmacological treatments (atropine, oxime, diazepam), the mortality associated with organophosphate (OP) poisoning has not substantially decreased. The objective of this examination was to describe the role of fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
- PMID 23819936
Japanese Journal
- Hepatoprotective effects of vitamin E/selenium against malathion-induced injuries on the antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression in rats
- Mix-mode TiO-C18 Monolith Spin Column Extraction and GC-MS for the Simultaneous Assay of Organophosphorus Compounds and Glufosinate, and Glyphosate in Human Serum and Urine
Related Links
- Malathion is a type of insecticide, a product used to kill or control bugs. Poisoning may occur if you swallow malathion, handle the product without gloves, or fail to wash hands soon after exposure. Significant amounts ...
- DefinitionMalathion is a type of insecticide, a product used to kill or control bugs. Poisoning may occur if you swallow malathion, handle the product without gloves, or fail to wash hands soon after exposure. Significant amounts are ...