出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/05 02:33:38」(JST)
An address is a collection of information, presented in a mostly fixed format, used for describing the location of a building, apartment, or other structure or a plot of land, generally using political boundaries and street names as references, along with other identifiers such as house or apartment numbers. Some addresses also contain special codes to aid routing of mail and packages, such as a ZIP code or post code.
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Addresses have several functions:
Until the advent of modern postal systems, most houses and buildings were not numbered. Streets may have been named for landmarks, such as a city gate or market, or for the professions of their inhabitants. In many cities in Asia, most minor streets were never named. This is still the case today in much of Japan. When postal systems were introduced, it became necessary to number buildings to aid in mail delivery.
There were previously a topic of Physical Addresses of the ISO TC 154 (one of ISO technical committees). And there were for many years an international standard of Physical Addresses, the Article RL 123.3.3 of the UPU Letter Post Regulations and most countries adopted those specifications. However some countries kept their old address layouts and a few years ago the entire harmonisations work collapsed and the standard specifications were declared deprecated. So the harmonisation process of addresses is actually going backwards. This is a huge problem not mainly for the postal services but for the computer industry producing administrative applications able to handle (how to store address data and print it right on envelopes) the different layouts (we can see here in this article). The topic is not known to be on the agenda of any of the postal or business administrative standard organisations today.
| This section requires expansion. (June 2008) |
In most English-speaking countries, the standard is an alternating numbering scheme progressing in one direction along a street, with odd numbers on one side (usually west or south or the lefthand side leading away from a main road) and even numbers on the other (usually north or east or the righthand side leading away from a main road), although there is significant variation on this basic pattern. Many older towns and cities in the UK have "up and down" numbering where the numbers progress sequentially along one side of the road, and then sequentially back down the other side. Cities in North America, particularly those planned on a grid plan, often incorporate block numbers, quadrants (explained below), and cardinal directions into their street numbers, so that in many such cities, addresses roughly follow a Cartesian coordinate system. Some other cities around the world have their own schemes.
Although house numbering is the principal identification scheme in many parts of the world, it is also common for houses in the United Kingdom and Ireland to be identified by name, rather than number, especially in small towns. In these cases, the street name will usually follow the house name. Such an address might read: "Smith Cottage, Frog Lane, Barchester, Barsetshire, BA9 9BA" or "Dunroamin, Emo, Co. Laois, Ireland" (fictional examples).
In cities with Cartesian-coordinate-based addressing systems, the streets that form the north-south and east-west dividing lines constitute the x and y axes of a Cartesian coordinate plane and thus divide the city into quadrants. The quadrants are typically identified in the street names, although the manner of doing so varies from city to city. For example, in one city, all streets in the northeast quadrant may have "NE" prefixed or suffixed to their street names, while in another, the intersection of North Calvert Street and East 27th Street can be only in the northeast quadrant.
Street names may follow a variety of themes. In many North American cities, such as, San Francisco USA, and Edmonton, Canada, streets are simply numbered sequentially across the street grid. Washington, D.C. has its numbered streets running north-south and lettered or alphabetically named streets running east-west, while diagonal avenues are typically named after states. In Salt Lake City, and many other Utah cities, streets are in a large grid and are numbered in increments of 100 based on their location relative to the center of the city in blocks. A similar system is in use in Detroit with the Mile Road System. In some housing developments in North America, streets may all follow the same theme (for example, bird species), or start with the same letter. Streets in Continental Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America are usually named after famous people or auspicious dates.
Postal codes are a relatively recent development in addressing, designed to speed the sorting and processing of mail by assigning unique numeric or alphanumeric codes to each geographical locality.
For privacy and other purposes, postal services have made it possible to receive mail without revealing one's physical address or even having a fixed physical address. Examples are post office boxes and poste restante (general delivery).
In most of the world, addresses are written in order from most specific to general, e.g. finest to coarsest information, i.e. starting with the addressee and ending with the largest geographical unit. For example:[1]
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Mr. I.M. A. Payne ARAMARK Ltd. |
Name Company Name |
In English-speaking countries, the postal code usually comes last. In much of Europe, the code precedes the town name, thus: "1010 Lausanne". Often, the country code is still placed in front of the postal code: "CH-1010 Lausanne". However, this is no longer demanded by postal authorities.[2]
If a house number is provided, it is written on the same line as the street name; a house name is written on the previous line. When addresses are written inline, line breaks are replaced by commas. Conventions on the placing of house numbers differ: either before or after the street name. Similarly, there are differences in the placement of postal codes: in the UK, they are written on a separate line at the end of the address; in Australia, Canada and the United States, they usually appear immediately after the state or province, on the same line; in Austria, Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands they appear before the city, on the same line.
East Asian addressing systems, including Chinese, Japanese and Korean addressing systems, when written in their native scripts, use the opposite ordering, starting with the province/prefecture, ending with the addressee. However both have the same order as western countries when written in the Latin alphabet. The Hungarian system also goes from large to small units, except the name of the addressee is put into the first line.
The Universal Postal Convention strongly recommends the following:
In Argentina, an address must be mailed this way:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname, number |
Luis Escala Piedras 623 |
The postal code has been changed from a four digit format to an eight digit format, which is shown in the example. The new format adds a district or province letter code at the beginning, which allows it to be identified. As the system has been changed recently, the four digit format can still be used: in that case it is necessary to add the name of the province or district.
| Old Format (4d) | New Format (8d) |
|---|---|
| Luis Escala French 392 |
Luis Escala French 392 |
In common with the English-speaking world, addresses in Australia put the street number—which may be a range—before the street name, and the placename before the postcode. Unlike addresses in most other comparable places, the city is not included in the address, but rather a much more fine-grained locality is used, usually referred to in Australia as a suburb or town is – although these words are understood in a different way than in other countries. Because the suburb or town serves to locate the street or delivery type, the postcode serves only as routing information rather than to distinguish previous other parts of an address. As an example, there are around 8000 localities in Victoria (cf. List of localities in Victoria (Australia) and List of Melbourne suburbs), yet around 700 unique geographic postcodes.[4] For certain large volume receivers or post offices, the "locality" may be an institution or street name. It is always considered incorrect to include the city or metropolis name in an address (unless this happens to be the name of the suburb), and doing so may delay delivery.
Australia Post recommends[5] that the last line of the address should be set in capital letters. In Australia, subunits are essential and should be separated from the street by two spaces; apartments, flats and units are typically separated with a forward slash instead. As in the US, the state/territory is crucial information as many placenames are reused in different states/territories; it is usually separated from the suburb with two spaces and abbreviated. In printed matter, the postcode follows after two spaces; in handwritten matter, the postcode should be written in the boxes provided.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Street address | |
| Recipient Name
Other recipient information |
Ms H Williams
Finance and Accounting |
| Other delivery type | |
| Recipient Name
Other recipient information (etc.) |
Mr J. O'Donnell
Lighthouse Promotions |
In addition to PO Boxes, other delivery types (which are typically abbreviated) may include:
| Delivery type | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Care of post office | CARE PO |
| Community mail bag | CMB |
| General Post Box (in capital cities) | GPO BOX |
| Mail service | MS |
| Roadside delivery | RSD |
| Roadside mail service | RMS |
| Community mail agent | CMA |
| Community postal agent | CPA |
| Locked bag | LOCKED BAG |
| Roadside mail box/bag | RMB |
| Private bag | PRIVATE BAG |
Australian Post Addressing Guidelines
In Austria, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Addressee (Natural person/Organization) More detailed description of addressee (optional) |
Firma ABC Kundendienst |
The postal code always consists of four digits.
Some neighborhoods may be planned in such a way that some, or most, apartment buildings don't face a named street. In this case, a number of expedients can be used. In older neighborhoods, a "main" building may have the same number as one or more "subsidiary" buildings accessible via driveways behind the main building. They will be addressed as e.g. vul. Lenina, d. 123, i.e. 123 Lenin St) An address may also cover one or more subsidiary buildings behind the main building, addressed as vul. Lenina, d. 123, bud. 2 (123 Lenin St, unit 2, where bud. (abbreviation for будынак, budynak) means a '(subsidiary) building'). In newer areas with more regular street plans, apartment buildings that don't face a named street may be designated with Cyrillic letters appended to the building number, e.g. 123-а, 123-б, etc., in Cyrillic alphabetical order.
In some microraion neighborhoods, with few, if any, buildings facing named streets, the name (or more likely number of the microraion (planned housing development)) would be used instead of the street name; thus someone may live at 4-th microrayon, d. 123, kv. 56, i.e. 123 - 4th Microraion, apt. 56.
| Format | Cyrillic | Latin |
|---|---|---|
| Name of addressee
Streetname, number, apartment/room |
Свістунову Івану Пятровічу
вул. Цэнтральная, д. 20 |
Svistunov Ivan Piatrovič
vul. Centraĺnaja, d. 20 |
Source: Belposhta
In Belgium it is standard to use an alternating numbering scheme progressing in one direction along a street. The numbering starts at the side of the centre of the municipality. Always with odd numbers on the left side and even numbers on the right side when driving from the centre of the municipality outward. A cul-de-sac (/dead end street) is an exception. The numbering starts at the side where the street starts but without the alternating number scheme. The numbering starts, odd and even, at the left side and at the end of the streets turns back via the other side adding up back to the beginning of the street.
The address can be written in Dutch or in French. When you receive a Belgian address in German, this is also correct as Belgium has 3 official languages. Addresses in Flanders should be written in Dutch, while addresses in Wallonia should be written in French. In Brussels, it is common practice to use both languages. For example:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname (Dutch), number, streetname (French) |
Frans Vandezande Nerviërslaan 31 Avenue des Nerviens |
In Brazil, an address must be mailed this way:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname, number, apartment/room (if needed) |
Carlos Rossi Avenida João Jorge, 112, ap. 31 |
States can have their name written entirely, abbreviated in some way, or totally abbreviated to two letters (SP = São Paulo, RJ = Rio de Janeiro, etc.).
Only towns with 60,000 inhabitants and above have postal codes individualized for streets, roads, avenues, etc. One way can have several postal codes (by odd/even numbers side or by segment). These postcodes range from -000 to -899. Other towns have only a generic postcode with the suffix -000. Recipients of bulk mail (large companies, condos, etc.) have specific postcodes, with a suffix ranging from -900 to -959. P.O. boxes are mailed to Correios offices, with suffixes ranging from -970 to -979. Some rural settlements have communitarian postboxes with suffix -990.
Canada uses a similar system to the United States (below), but there are key differences.
Chilean urban addresses require only the street name, house number, apartment number (if necessary) and municipality; however, more information is frequently included, such as neighbourhood, city, region. Postal codes are rarely included by people. All postal codes have eight digits, the first three indicating the municipality, the next five identifying a block or in large and scarcely populated areas a quadrant within the municipal territory.
The territories of most of the larger cities comprise several adjacent municipalities, so it is important to mention it.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Street and number |
Sr. Rodrigo Domínguez Av. Bellavista N° 185 |
Smaller cities often consist of only one municipality with several unofficial neighbourhoods that are usually mentioned even for official addressing purposes.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Street and number, Apartment number |
Sra. Isidora Retamal Nelson N° 10, Dep. 415 |
Several large and mostly rural municipalities contain more than one small town, in such cases, the recipient address must mention either the town, the postal code or both.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Street and number |
Inversiones Aldunate y Cía. S.A. Los Aromos N° 12185 |
The Postal area when written in Chinese characters (preferably Simplified Chinese characters), has the order of the largest unit first, ending with the addressee, i.e. country, province, municipality, town, street or road, building name, floor/level, house/flat number, company name, addressee. This is the most common language used when posting within mainland China.
| Chinese Example |
邮编 528-400 北京市东城区名都路恒大花园7栋702室 |
P.R. China 528400 Beijing City, East District, Mingdu Road, Hengda Garden, 7th Building, Room 702 |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese Format |
Country, Postal Code Province, City, District, Street Name or Road Name with Street Number or Road Number, Building Name or Number, Room Number |
|
The whole address is commonly written as a string of characters with no particular format regarding where a new line would start, similar to one long sentence, with any new lines appearing depending on the space available on the envelope. Generally, the district is omitted when posting within PRC.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street name + number |
Hrvoje Horvat Ulica Maršala Tita 174 |
Croatia uses five-digit postal code numbers. The Croatian postal service recommends using 2-letter ISO country codes as prefixes before international and domestic postal codes, though the practice is not mandatory.
Common format in Czech Republic:
| Format | Company Name or Department |
|---|
Postal code is in format "### ##" (i.e. 158 00 = Prague 58) or "CZ-#####" (especially for international sendings).
Ex.: Josef Novák, Brněnská 56, 123 07 Jitrnice
Czech Post Recommended Addressing
In Denmark, apartment buildings will usually have two apartments per floor. Thus, if the addressee lives in an apartment, the address should contain the floor they live on, and either side (t.v. or t.h., meaning "to the left" and "to the right") or a (alpha)number 1,2,3... or A,B,C...= starting from left seen from the top most step just before the floor.
Also, for postal codes 2000 and up, there is a 1:1 relationship between postal code and town.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname + number + apartment floor and t.h./t.v. (optional) |
Stig Jensen Solvej 5, 4. t.v. |
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Company Name or Department |
Eduskunta Matti Mallikainen |
If a person's name is written before the company name in the address field of a letter, then that person is considered the recipient. In this case, no other employee is allowed to open the letter but the indicated recipient. If the company name is before the person's name, then the company is the recipient and any employee is allowed to open the letter.
* apartment number can formulated as "as 5" (as = asunto, 'apartment' in English) or as "C 55" (the letter A, B, C ... indicates the correct staircase in apartment blocks with several entrances)
Finland uses a five-digit postal code. Note that some of the larger companies and organizations have their own postal codes.
In France, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Entreprise ABC M. Frank Bender |
Addressee (Natural person/Organization) More detailed description of addressee (optional) |
The postal code always consists of five digits.
Organisations, government agencies, and companies which receive large amounts of mail often have a special "CEDEX" adress which goes after the last line (for instance, "75001 PARIS CEDEX").
In Germany, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Firma ABC Kundendienst |
Addressee (Natural person/Organization) More detailed description of addressee (optional) |
The official languages of Hong Kong are English and Cantonese Chinese. For domestic mail within Hong Kong, the address may be written entirely in either English or Chinese. For overseas mail going out from Hong Kong, the address may be written in the language of the destination country, provided that the city name and the country name are in English.[6] However, for an overseas mail from Hong Kong to China, Macao, Taiwan or Singapore, the address may be written entirely in Chinese. While traditional Chinese characters are commonly used in Hong Kong, simplified Chinese characters are also understood by Hong Kong's post officers. Note that Hong Kong does not use any postal codes, though many rural properties have a property identification code, e.g. HKT-12345.
An address written in English should begin with the smallest unit and end with the largest unit, as in the following example for a domestic mail within Hong Kong.
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Mr. Jackie Chan Flat 25, 12/F, Acacia Building |
Name of addressee Flat number, Floor number, Name of building (if a rural address: (Flat number, Floor number,) Name/number of house) |
An address written in Chinese should begin with the largest unit and end with the smallest unit, as in the following example for a piece of domestic mail within Hong Kong. Traditional Chinese characters are used in this example.
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| 香港島 灣仔 |
["香港", "港島" or "香港島" for Hong Kong Island/"九龍" for Kowloon/"新界" for New Territories] [Name of district] |
For mail to Hong Kong from overseas, "Hong Kong" should be added at the end of an address written in English, and "香港" should be added at the beginning of an address written in Chinese.
In Hungarian mail addresses, the town name precedes the street address.
| Format[7] | Example |
|---|---|
| Addressee (name or company name) City or town |
Kis János Budapest |
The postal code consists of four digits.
| Format | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Name Streetname + Number |
Agnes Gísladóttir Holtsflöt 4 |
first name, middle name(s), last name address in the dative case |
The format used for rural and urban addresses is different.
Rural Addresses
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street Number, Street Name |
Ishan Deb 5, Mahatma Gandhi Road |
Urban Addresses
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Occupation (Optional) |
Dr. Ashok Padhye General Physician |
The state is optional in both cases, but is typically used.
In Indonesia, the address format is like this:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name
|
Bapak Fauzi Bowo
|
Generally "Jalan" or "Jl." means 'street' and should go before the street name, e.g. Jalan Cemara. More info about Indonesia administrative divisions see Administrative divisions of Indonesia.
Postal addresses in Iran has a standard which should be used by mail or parcel senders. This standard is registered and qualified in Universal Postal Union (UPU). According to the below table, Iran has 4 types of standard address:
| Address Type | Urban | Rural | PO Box | Post Restante |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Format | Urban Locality Street |
Rural Locality Street |
Locality Province |
Restante Locality |
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name of Addressee Name of the District |
Ali Hassan Al-Mansour |
Ireland has no postcodes, apart from the 22 postal districts in Dublin and the 4 in Cork.
| Format | Addressee's Name Number + Street Name |
|---|
| Example with postcode only Cork and Dublin |
The Avalon Hotel 223 BURLINGTON ROAD |
|---|
| Example with postcode without town only Cork and Dublin |
The Avalon Hotel 223 BURLINGTON ROAD 4 |
|---|
| Example without postcode all towns except Cork and Dublin |
The Avalon Hotel 21 NEW STREET |
|---|
Address FAQs An Post
Basic format
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname + number |
Yisrael Yisraeli HaDoar 1 |
Example of common address with apartment number
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname + number/apartment |
Yisrael Yisraeli HaDoar 1/20 |
Example of common address with building entrance and apartment number
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname + number incl. entrance + apartment |
Yisrael Yisraeli HaDoar 1 B, Apt. 20 |
Or
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Streetname + number incl. entrance/apartment |
Yisrael Yisraeli HaDoar 1B/20 |
An internal address, in Italy, must be composed of three to five rows. Up to six rows can be used if the mail is sent abroad:
| Format | Addressee's name and surname or company name Optional - Additional information about the addressee |
|---|
Line ordering may not be changed.
In Latvia, the address in generally formatted as follows:
| Address Type | Format | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Rural Area | Addressee’s Name Street Name, House Number, Flat Number or House Name |
Andris Lapa Liepu iela 1 |
| Urban Area | Addressee’s Name Street Name, House Number, Flat Number |
Andris Lapa Jelgavas iela 1-12 |
Notes:
Further references: Latvijas Pasts
Pos Malaysia recommends the following formats:
| Address Type | Format | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Residential | Salutation, Name of recipient Unit number, Street name |
Mr. Zack Ahmad 11 Jalan Budi 1 |
| Business | Salutation, Name of recipient Name of Position & Department (if applicable) |
Dato' S.M. Nasrudin Managing Director |
| Business + Post Office Box / Locked Bag / |
Salutation, Name of recipient Name of Position & Department (if applicable) |
Ms. Jenny Chan COO |
Notes:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| <Recipient name> <Street type (ommited for streets)> <street name> <number>-<interior or storey number> <city ward> |
Cuauhtémoc Vázquez Contreras Av. López Mateos Sur 2833-16 col. Loma Bonita |
In the Netherlands, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name (Businesspark name etc.) |
Thomas van der Landen
|
The postal code is a unique street identifier, and always consists of four numbers followed by a space and then two capital letters. PostNL, the descendant of the Dutch state-run PTT, recommends putting two spaces between postal code and town.
Because the Dutch postal code uniquely identifies a street, a shortened format may also be used. This method only needs the postal code and the number. The ideal format for this method is the number after the postal code, meaning that this: '5631 AV 1092' will still get the letter delivered to the correct location.
It is also possible to replace the street name line with a PO box (e.g. "postbus 1200") or freepost number (e.g. "antwoordnummer 150"), which have their own postal code.
New Zealand Post recommends the following format:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Flat number/House number Street address or PO Box number |
Mr David Bain 65 Every Street |
Note that no space or full stops exists between P and O in PO Box or R and D in RD. One should put only one space between the town/city and the postcode.
Note for Wellington metropolitan area, users should use the city name (i.e. Wellington, Lower Hutt, Upper Hutt, Porirua), not the metropolitan area name. For example:
| Incorrect | Correct |
|---|---|
| 123 Petone Avenue Petone |
123 Petone Avenue Petone |
One anomaly about this system is the Wellington Mail Centre, which is addressed as Wellington Mail Centre, Lower Hutt 5045 - not Wellington.
In Norway, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Name (Businesspark name, etc.) |
|---|
The postal code is unique, and is a four-digit number. It is also possible to replace the street name line with a PO box (e.g. Postboks 250).
Example:
In the Sultanate of Oman (2012), the address is formatted as follows:[8]
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street number + house number |
Way 2259, 2919 |
Physical addresses only exist in major urban centers like those of Greater Muscat, Sohar, Salalah, Sur and Nizwa.
The format used in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
Official Addresses
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street Number, Street Name |
Mohammad Ali Abu Bakr 15, Jinnah Road |
In Peru, addresses in the Metropolitan Area of Lima and Callao are generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street name, number |
Roberto Prada Juan de Aliaga 230 |
Addresses elsewhere in the country are formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street name, number |
Camilo Rada Av. del Ejército 450 |
In Poland, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| First name & surname of addressee and/or company name & department |
Jan Kowalski
|
ul. = Str (Street)
al. = Ave (Avenue)
pl. = Sq (Square, or Circus)
The abbreviation "m." (meaning "mieszkania" = "flat") can be used instead of "/" before the flat number.
The postal code always consists of five digits separated with a hyphen (in the "XX-XXX" format), i.e. 00-486 (00=Warsaw); 20-486 (20=Lublin), etc. The first digit signifies the postal district, the second: the code zone, the third: the code sector, the fourth and fifth signify the post office and its area of operation. Usually the code is unique on the street level for cities and the town level for smaller towns and villages.
In Romania, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Examples | |
|---|---|---|
| First name & surname of addressee and/or company name & department str. (abbreviation for street) + Street Name + nr. (abbreviation for street number) + Number |
Mihail Ionescu str. Pacienţei, nr. 9 |
Gheorghe Codreanu str. Virtuţii, nr. 44 |
The address must be written in Cyrillic or Latin alphabet, in usual format (from most specific to general).
Example:[9]
| Format | Cyrillic | Latin |
|---|---|---|
| Name of addressee
Streetname, number, apartment/room |
Гусев Иван Сергеевич
ул. Победы, д. 20, кв. 29 |
Gusev Ivan
ul. Pobedy, d. 20, kv. 29 |
Note: sub-region and region names are void if the city is Moscow or Saint Petersburg or if it is sub-region administrative center.
Some neighborhoods may be planned in such a way that some, or most, apartment buildings face no named street. In this case, a number of expedients can be used. In older neighbourhoods, such as the historical center of Moscow, a "main" building may have the same number as one or more "subsidiary" buildings accessible via driveways behind the main building. They will be addressed as, for example, ul. Lenina, d. 123 (that is, 123 Lenin St). An address may also cover one or more subsidiary buildings behind the main building, addressed as ul. Lenina, d. 123, str. 2 (123 Lenin St, Unit 2, where str. (abbreviation for строение, stroenie) means a '(subsidiary) building'. In newer[when?] areas with more regular street plans, apartment buildings that face no named street may be designated with Cyrillic letters appended to the building number, such as 123-а, 123-б, etc., in alphabetic order.
In some microraion neighborhoods, with few, if any, buildings facing named streets, the name (or more likely number of the microraion (planned housing development)) would be used instead of the street name; thus someone may live at 4-th microrayon, d. 123, kv. 56, that is, 123 - 4th Microraion, apt. 56.
SingPost recommends the following format for addresses:[10][11]
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Ms. Tan Bee Soo 16 Sandilands Road |
Name of addressee Street number and name |
| Mr. M. Rajendran Blk 35 Mandalay Road
SINGAPORE 308215 |
Name of addressee Block number and street name |
Generally, the last line SINGAPORE is omitted when posting within the country. Addresses are usually written in the English language.
Common format in Slovakia:
| Format | Addressee (Name or Company) Company or Department or Landlord (if applicable) |
|---|
Postal code is in format "### ##" (i.e. 851 01 = Bratislava 5) or "SK-### ##".
Street number can be written as orientation number (related to street) or descriptive number (unique within town) or their combination separated by slash (descriptive/orientation). Descriptive numbers are also used within small villages that don't have named streets.
If the delivery is intended exclusively for specific person at company site, the address should begin with Name and Company name should follow. The standard format of address (in above table) enables anyone at Company to receive the delivery.
http://www.posta.sk/potrebujem/spravne-napisat-adresu ("How to write addresses correctly", in Slovak, with pictures)
Slovenia uses a four-digit postal number. The first digit indicates the area:
The simpler the code, the bigger the locality: 1000 Ljubljana, 2000 Maribor (big cities); 1310 Ribnica, 9250 Gornja Radgona (mid-sized towns); 4263 Bohinjska Bela, 8262 Krška vas (smaller settlements, including villages).
Some cities have more than one post office, thus having multiple postcodes (usually in the x1xx format). For example Ljubljana which has a "general" postcode 1000, also has additional ones, ranging from 1101 to 1133 (for some reason, however, omitting 1103 and 1105), Kamnik has 1240 and 1241, etc. Albeit they exist, it is not necessary to use them - usually the "general" postcodes are used.
| Format | Example | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Street address | ||||
| Company name and/or |
Cvet, d. o. o. G. Janez Novak1 |
|||
| Locality address (places with unnamed streets) | ||||
| Company name and/or |
Juha, s. p. Ga. Angela Kovač |
|||
| PO Box address (poštni predal)4 | ||||
| Company name and/or |
Vino, d. d. Gdč. Marija Repar |
|||
| Special postcode holders5 | ||||
| Company name Postcode + Post town |
Nova Ljubljanska banka 1520 Ljubljana |
|||
| Poste restante | ||||
| Recipient's name POŠTNO LEŽEČE |
G. Peter Šilj POŠTNO LEŽEČE |
|||
^1 The abbreviations are: g. for gospod (Mr), ga. for gospa (Mrs), and gdč. for gospodična (Miss) - all always capitalized if in the beginning of the line.
^2 Numbers can have a suffix like A, B, C, etc.
^3 Common abbreviations are: c. for cesta (Street), and ul. for ulica (Road) - both always capitalised if in the beginning of the line.
^4 Bigger towns have special postcodes for PO Boxes in the xxx1 format, e.g. 1001 Ljubljana, 4001 Kranj.
^5 Big companies which receive large amounts of mail are designated their special postcodes in the x5xx format.
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Street type, name, number, storey and door |
Sr. Francisco Ansó Paseo de la Castellana, 185, 5ºB |
Sri Lanka Post recommends the following format:
| Format | Name of addressee Street number and name |
|---|
Sri Lanka uses a five-digit postal code. Generally, the last line SRI LANKA is omitted when posting within the country. Addresses are usually written in the English and Sinhala.
In Sweden, the address is generally formatted as follows:
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Name Street name + number |
Anna Andersson Storgatan 1 |
The postal code is unique, and is always a five-digit number divided into groups of three and two (e.g. SE-414 73) with the prefix SE (ISO-code for Sweden) used only if sent from abroad. It is also possible to replace the street name line with a PO box (e.g. Box 51).
In Switzerland, the address is generally formatted as follows:[12]
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Recipient name Street name and number |
Monsieur Pierre Dupont |
In Taiwan, addresses are regulated by the Department of Household Registration, while mails are handled by the Chunghwa Post. As a result, senders are required to write addresses in different formats in different situations.
| Address Type | Format | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese Domestic |
County or City Township, town, city or distinct |
台 北 |
| Chinese Domestic |
Zip codes Receiver County or City |
１１０６０ 王 台 |
| Chinese Domestic mail Horizontal | Zip codes Address' Name or Company |
11060 台北市信義區市府路2號2樓 |
| English International Mail[14] | Name or Company Number, Alley, Lane, Road/Street Name |
Mr. Wang 2F., No.2, Shifu Rd. |
| Complete Address in Department of Household Registration, |
Number, Alley, Lane, Road/Street Name, Neighborhood, Village, Township and District, County and City | 2F., No.2, Shifu Rd., Neighborhood 8, Xicun Vil., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, Taiwan |
Turkish addressing system is as follows:[16]
| Format | Name Neighbourhood name |
|---|
However, in rural areas with decidedly little population and with no street addresses, address format is much simpler:
| Format | Name Village name |
|---|
Some neighborhoods may be planned in such a way that some, or most, apartment buildings don't face a named street. In this case, a number of expedients can be used. In older neighborhoods, a "main" building may have the same number as one or more "subsidiary" buildings accessible via driveways behind the main building. They will be addressed as e.g. vul. Lenina, bud. 123, i.e. 123 Lenin St), or "subsidiary" buildings may have own number. In newer areas with more regular street plans, apartment buildings that don't face a named street may be designated with Cyrillic letters appended to the building number, e.g. 123-а, 123-б, etc., in Cyrillic alphabetical order.
In some microraion neighborhoods, with few, if any, buildings facing named streets, the name (or more likely number of the microraion (planned housing development)) would be used instead of the street name; thus someone may live at 4-th microrayon, bud. 123, kv. 56, i.e. 123 - 4th Microraion, apt. 56.
| Format | Cyrillic | Latin |
|---|---|---|
| Name of addressee
Streetname, number, apartment/room |
Петренко Іван Леонідович
вул. Шевченка, буд. 17 |
Petrenko Ivan Leonidovych
vul. Shevchenka, bud. 17 |
The format specified by the postal operator Royal Mail is as follows:[17]
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| Addressee's name | Mr A Smith |
| Number and street name | 3 High Street |
| Locality (only if required) | Hedle End |
| POST TOWN | SOUTHAMPTON |
| POSTCODE | SO31 4NG |
The locality is required only where its absence would be ambiguous, for example where a post town or postcode district includes two streets with the same name. Royal Mail specifies that post towns should be written in block capitals. Until 1996 a postal county (or permitted abbreviation) was required after the post town, unless it was a special post town, for example London. The post town and postcode should each be on a separate line. Traditionally, each line of an address would end with a comma and be indented from the previous line. Royal Mail discourage this usage and specify that all lines should start from the same point and not be staggered or aligned to the centre.[17] The postcode identifies, from left to right, increasingly smaller units of the postal delivery system. The first half of the postcode, known as the outward code, contains the postcode area and postcode district. The second half, known as the inward code, contains the postcode sector and postcode unit.[17]
| Example | Format |
|---|---|
| Jeremy Martinson 455 Larkspur Dr. |
Name of addressee House number and street name |
| JEREMY MARTINSON 455 LARKSPUR DR |
Name of addressee House number and street name |
Notes:
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