巨核、大核、栄養核
- 関
- macronuclear、macronuclei、vegetative nucleus
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/07/26 01:11:03」(JST)
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A macronucleus (formerly also meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates. Macronuclei are polyploid and undergo direct division without mitosis. It controls the non-reproductive cell functions, the everyday tasks, such as metabolism. During conjugation, the macronucleus disintegrates, and a new macronucleus is formed by karyogamy of the micronuclei. The macronucleus contains hundreds of chromosomes, each present in many copies. The macronucleus lacks a mechanism to precisely partition this complex genome equally during nuclear division; thus how the cell manages to maintain a balanced genome after generations of divisions is a mystery.
See also
Microbiology: Protist
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Protozoa locomotion |
- Flagellate
- Amoeboid
- Ciliate
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Other structures/organelles |
Chromalveolata |
Cryptophyta: |
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Haptophyte: |
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Heterokontophyta: |
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Diatoms: |
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Brown algae: |
- Lamina (algae)
- Pneumatocyst
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Alveolate: |
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Dinoflagellates: |
- Dinokaryon
- Dinocyst
- Theca
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Ciliates: |
- Cilium
- Cirrus
- Macronucleus
- Micronucleus
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Apicomplexans: |
- Rhoptry
- Apicoplast
- Microneme
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Excavate |
Kinetoplastids: |
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Euglenoidea: |
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Archaeplastida |
Chloroplastida |
- "green algae": Phycoplast
- Phragmoplast
- Flagellar apparatus
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Glaucophytes: |
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Red algae: |
- Pit connection
- Phycobilisomes
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Multiple groups |
- Hydrogenosome
- Mitosome
- Nucleomorph
- Cyst
- Cytostome
- Fimbriae
- Extrusome
- Contractile vacuole
- Eyespot apparatus
- Pyrenoid
- Axostyle
- Mastigont system
- Cell surface structures: Simple cell membrane
- Mucilage and sheats
- Scale (anatomy)
- Frustule
- Cell wall
- Lorica (biology)
- Scale (anatomy)
- Skeleton
- Test (biology)
- Theca
- Periplast/pellicle
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Ecology and physiology |
- Microbial ecology
- Baas-Becking hypothesis
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English Journal
- Inactivation of a Macronuclear Intra-S-phase Checkpoint in Tetrahymena thermophila with Caffeine Affects the Integrity of the Micronuclear Genome.
- Kaczanowski A, Kiersnowska M.SourceZoological Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland.
- Protist.Protist.2011 Oct;162(4):616-36. Epub 2011 May 23.
- Aphidicolin (APH), an inhibitor of DNA polymerase α, arrested cell divisions in Tetrahymena thermophila. Surprisingly, low concentrations of APH induced an increase of macronuclear DNA content and cell size in non-dividing cells. In spite of the cell size increase, most proliferation of basal bodie
- PMID 21601521
- Keeping the soma free of transposons: Programmed DNA elimination in ciliates.
- Schoeberl UE, Mochizuki K.SourceIMBA, Austria.
- The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2011 Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print]
- Many transposon-related sequences are removed from the somatic macronucleus of ciliates during sexual reproduction. In the ciliate Tetrahymena, an RNAi-related mechanism produces small non-coding RNAs that induce heterochromatin formation, which is followed by DNA elimination. Because RNAi-related m
- PMID 21914793
Japanese Journal
- Amitotic division of the macronucleus in Tetrahymena thermophila: DNA distribution by genomic unit
- Endo Masaki,Sugai Toshiro
- Zoological science 28(7), 482-490, 2011-07
- NAID 40018937050
- The water-born protein pheromones of the polar protozoan ciliate, Euplotes nobilii : Coding genes and molecular structures
- A. Vallesi,C. Alimenti,G. Di Giuseppe,F. Dini,B. Pedrini,K. Wuthrich,P. Luporini
- Polar science 4(2), 237-244, 2010-08
- 南北両極の沿岸水域に見られるEuplotes nobiliiは、その栄養成長と交配の制御を、水溶性の特別な信号タンパク質(フェロモン)の分泌に依存している。我々は、転写活性の高い大核からこれらのフェロモンをコードする遺伝子をクローニングし、遺伝子配列の全長を明らかにした。これらの配列はすべて、252から285塩基対の翻訳領域を持ち、成熟したタンパク質として細胞外環境に放出される前に一部を切断される …
- NAID 110007702215
Related Links
- A macronucleus (formerly also meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates. Macronuclei are polyploid and undergo direct division without mitosis. It controls the non-reproductive cell functions, the everyday tasks, such as metabolism. ...
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- macronucleus、macronuclei、vegetative nucleus、macronuclear
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巨核、大核、栄養核
- 関
- macronuclear、macronucleus、vegetative nucleus
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- 英
- macronucleus、macronuclei、vegetative nucleus
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- 巨核、大核
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- macronuclear、macronuclei、macronucleus
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- 関
- macronuclei、macronucleus、vegetative nucleus