WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/19 08:21:00」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a phospholipid derivative that can act as a signaling molecule.^[1]

Function

LPA acts as a potent mitogen due to its activation of three high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors called LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3 (also known as EDG2, EDG4, and EDG7). Additional, newly identified LPA receptors include LPA4 (p2y9/GPR23), LPA5 (GPR92) and LPA6 (GPR87).

Clinical significance

Because of its ability to stimulate cell proliferation, aberrant LPA-signaling has been linked to cancer in numerous ways. Dysregulation of autotaxin or the LPA receptors can lead to hyperproliferation, which may contribute to oncogenesis and metastasis.

LPA may be the cause of pruritus (itching) in individuals with cholestatic (impaired bile flow) diseases.

GTPase activation

Downstream of LPA receptor activation, the small GTPase Rho can be activated, subsequently activating Rho kinase. This can lead to the formation of stress fibers and cell migration through the inhibition of myosin light-chain phosphatase.

Metabolism

There are a number of potential routes to its biosynthesis, but the most well-characterized is by the action of a lysophospholipase D called autotaxin, which removes the choline group from lysophosphatidylcholine.

Lysophosphatidic acid is also an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidic acid.

References

^ Reginald Garrett; Charles M. Grisham (28 December 2008). Biochemistry. Cengage Learning. pp. 235–. ISBN 978-0-495-10935-8. Retrieved 20 December 2010.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 胆汁うっ滞関連そう痒症 pruritus associated with cholestasis
2. 脂肪異栄養症症候群 lipodystrophic syndromes
3. 肝線維症の新しい治療法 emerging therapies for hepatic fibrosis
4. そう痒症：疫学および患者評価 pruritus etiology and patient evaluation
5. 上皮性卵巣癌、卵管癌、または原発性腹膜癌患者の付属器腫瘤の評価のための血清バイオマーカー serum biomarkers for evaluation of an adnexal mass for epithelial carcinoma of the ovary fallopian tube or peritoneum

English Journal

The transcription factor GCN4 regulates PHM8 and alters triacylglycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Yadav KK1,2, Rajasekharan R3,4.
Current genetics.Curr Genet.2016 Nov;62(4):841-851. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
PHM8 is a very important enzyme in nonpolar lipid metabolism because of its role in triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis under phosphate stress conditions. It is positively regulated by the PHO4 transcription factor under low phosphate conditions; however, its regulation has not been explored under no
PMID 26979516

LPA1 Mediates Antidepressant-Induced ERK1/2 Signaling and Protection from Oxidative Stress in Glial Cells.

Olianas MC1, Dedoni S1, Onali P2.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.J Pharmacol Exp Ther.2016 Nov;359(2):340-353. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Antidepressants have been shown to affect glial cell functions and intracellular signaling through mechanisms that are still not completely understood. In the present study, we provide evidence that in glial cells the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor LPA1 mediates antidepressant-induced growth f
PMID 27605627

Overexpression of autotaxin is associated with human renal cell carcinoma and bladder carcinoma and their progression.

Xu A1,2, Ahsanul Kabir Khan M1, Chen F3, Zhong Z3, Chen HC4, Song Y5,6.
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England).Med Oncol.2016 Nov;33(11):131. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
Autotaxin (ATX) as an important tumor cell motility-stimulating factor is upregulated in many different types of cancer. ATX, a member of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase family of enzymes, possesses lysophospholipase D activity which hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to gen
PMID 27757783

Japanese Journal

Overexpression of autotaxin, a lysophosphatidic acid-producing enzyme, enhances cardia bifida induced by hypo-sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in zebrafish embryo

Nakanaga Keita,Hama Kotaro,Kano Kuniyuki [他]
The journal of biochemistry 155(4), 235-241, 2014-04
NAID 40020035029

リゾホスファチジン酸(LPA)と血小板活性化因子(PAF)のアレルギー性疾患への関与 (第5土曜特集生命を支える脂質 : 最新の研究と臨床) -- (脂質メディエーターと受容体・産生酵素)

石井聡,大戸貴代
医学のあゆみ 248(13), 989-994, 2014-03-29
NAID 40020026524

リゾホスファチジン酸(LPA)の生理的機能 (第5土曜特集生命を支える脂質 : 最新の研究と臨床) -- (脂質メディエーターと受容体・産生酵素)

井上飛鳥
医学のあゆみ 248(13), 963-969, 2014-03-29
NAID 40020026464

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「リゾホスファチジン酸」「LPA」「lysophospholipid」「リゾフォスファチジン酸」
拡張検索	「lysophosphatidic acid receptor」

「リゾホスファチジン酸」

Lysophosphatidic acid
	IUPAC name (2-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxypropyl) (Z)-octadec-9-enoate
	Other names LPA
Identifiers
CAS number	22002-87-5
PubChem	5497152
MeSH	lysophosphatidic+acid
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)O)O ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C21H41O7P
Molar mass	436.52 g/mol
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
	(verify) (what is: /?)
	Infobox references