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resembling lymph or lymphatic tissues

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(体内にできる)新生物;腫瘍(しゅよう)
リンパ状(液)の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/06 05:51:35」(JST)

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Lymphoid leukemias (also called lymphocytic, lymphogenous, or lymphoblastic leukemias) are a group of leukemias affecting circulating lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells. The lymphocytic leukemias are closely related to lymphomas of the lymphocytes, to the point that some of them are unitary disease entities that can be called by either name (for example, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma). Such diseases are all lymphoproliferative disorders. Most lymphoid leukemias involve a particular subtype of lymphocytes, the B cells.

Classification

Historically, they have been most commonly divided by the stage of maturation at which the clonal (neoplastic) lymphoid population stopped maturing:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

However, the influential WHO Classification (published in 2001) emphasized a greater emphasis on cell lineage. To this end, lymphoid leukemias can also be divided by the type of cells affected:

B-cell leukemia
T-cell leukemia
NK-cell leukemia

The most common type of lymphoid leukemia is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

B-cell leukemias

B-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemia which affect B cells.

Comparison of most common B-cell leukemias	Incidence	Histopathology	Cell markers	Comments
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (ICD-O: 9823/3)	30% of all leukemias. Also 3 to 4% of lymphomas in adults^[1]	Small resting lymphocytes mixed with variable number of large activated cells. Lymph nodes are diffusely effaced^[1]	CD5, surface immunoglobulin^[1]	Occurs in older adults. Usually involves lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen. Most patients have peripheral blood involvement. Indolent.^[1]
Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (ICD-O: 9835/3-9836/3)	85% of acute leukemias in childhood,^[1] Less common in adults^[1]	Lymphoblasts with irregular nuclear contours, condensed chromatin, small nucleoli and scant cytoplasm without granules.^[1]	TdT, CD19^[1]	Usually presents as acute leukemia^[1]

Other types include (with ICD-O code):

9826/3 - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mature B-cell type
9833/3 - B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
9940/3 - Hairy cell leukemia

T-cell leukemias

T-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemias which affect T cells.

The most common T-cell leukemia is precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.^[1] It causes 15% of acute leukemias in childhood, and also 40% of lymphomas in childhood.^[1] It is most common in adolescent males.^[1] Its morphology is identical to that of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.^[1] Cell markers include TdT, CD2, CD7.^[1] It often presents as a mediastinal mass because of involvement of the thymus.^[1] It is highly associated with NOTCH1 mutations.^[1]

Other types include:

Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma, and they are often grouped together.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Table 12-8 in: Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson. Robbins Basic Pathology. Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2973-7. 8th edition.

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English Journal

Aplastic anemia: possible associations with lymphoproliferative neoplasms.

Tzankov A1, Medinger M.Author information 1Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.AbstractAplastic anemia (AA) may precede, co-occur, or follow a lymphoproliferative neoplasm. The best molecularly clarified scenario is that of concurrent AA and unsuspected (occult) T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Several reported cases of AA and concurrent small B-cell lymphomas/leukemias and Hodgkin lymphomas suggest also a possible link to simultaneous or preceding AA that might be sought in an antineoplastic immunological attempt to 'eradicate' the underlying malignant clone. The 'immuno-deregulatory' potential and the direct cytotoxicity of regimens used for lymphoma therapy might be able to trigger AA in cases evolving after lymphoma treatment too. Alternative explanations of AA associated with lymphoproliferative disorders might be particular (immuno-)genetic patient backgrounds predisposing to both AA and lymphoid neoplasms or exposures to environmental factors, increasing the risk for both diseases. Finally, the most common causal relationship of AA and lymphoma is that of immunosuppression- or allogeneous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated posttransplantational lymphoproliferative disorders in AA patients, who are treated in the respective manner. As all above scenarios are differently (specifically) therapeutically approachable and accompanied by diverse outcomes, they should be actively sought for and diagnosed as precisely as possible. This review summarizes the current knowledge on associations between AA and lymphoproliferative neoplasms.
International journal of laboratory hematology.Int J Lab Hematol.2014 Jun;36(3):382-7. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12224.
Aplastic anemia (AA) may precede, co-occur, or follow a lymphoproliferative neoplasm. The best molecularly clarified scenario is that of concurrent AA and unsuspected (occult) T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Several reported cases of AA and concurrent small B-cell lymphomas/leukemias and
PMID 24750685

Characteristics and significance of colorectal cancer associated lymphoid reaction.

Väyrynen JP1, Sajanti SA, Klintrup K, Mäkelä J, Herzig KH, Karttunen TJ, Tuomisto A, Mäkinen MJ.Author information 1Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Finland; Oulu University Hospital Oulu, Finland, and Medical Research Center Oulu, Finland.AbstractA subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) exhibits so-called Crohn's like lymphoid reaction (CLR), an inflammatory reaction pattern that consists of numerous transmural lymphoid aggregates. However, the composition of these aggregates, their biological mechanisms and their prognostic significance are not well-defined. We analyzed two CRC cohorts (418 and 149 patients) and determined clinicopathological features including survival. A new method for evaluating CLR based on counting the areal density of the lymphoid follicles (CLR density) was adopted. Immune cell densities at intratumoral and peritumoral regions, as well as the composition of the lymphoid follicles, were studied by immunohistochemistry. We found that CLR comprised of lymphoid aggregates with no evidence of granuloma formation. High CLR density associated with lower tumor stage, lack of preoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and deficient mismatch repair enzyme expression. CLR density had positive correlations with peritumoral and intratumoral densities of CD83(+) mature dendritic cells and T cells. High CLR density associated with better survival and had prognostic value that was independent of stage, Klintrup-Mäkinen score for peritumoral inflammation and the numbers of tumor infiltrating T cells. CLR density evaluation had excellent intraobserver and interobserver agreement. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLR contributes to the adaptive antitumor immunity. Quantitative evaluation of CLR density is a relevant prognostic indicator in CRC.
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2014 May 1;134(9):2126-35. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28533. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
A subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) exhibits so-called Crohn's like lymphoid reaction (CLR), an inflammatory reaction pattern that consists of numerous transmural lymphoid aggregates. However, the composition of these aggregates, their biological mechanisms and their prognostic significance are no
PMID 24154855

Japanese Journal

Helicobacter pylori除菌治療後完全寛解に至った直腸MALTリンパ腫の1例

丁曄,吉永健太郎,丸山正隆 [他],今井陽一,志関正幸,森直樹,増田昭博,寺村正尚,泉二登志子,丁曄,吉永健太郎,丸山正隆,今井陽一,志関正幸,森直樹,増田昭博,寺村正尚,泉二登志子
東京女子医科大学雑誌 83(E2), E628-E632, 2013-03-31
直腸原発の粘膜関連濾胞辺縁帯(MALT)リンパ腫は稀であり、胃原発と異なりいまだ治療法も定まっていない。今回、我々はHelicobacter pylori (H.pylori)除菌治療のみによって完全寛解に至った症例を経験したので報告する。症例は62歳男性、下血、便秘にて受診し、下部内視鏡(CF)検査にて直腸Rbに浅いびらんを伴う粘膜下腫瘍を認めた。生検病理にて中型リンパ球の増殖が粘膜固有層に認め …
NAID 110009575077

頸部に発生した濾胞樹状細胞肉腫の1例

向山宣昭,横井久
頭頸部外科 23(3), 375-379, 2013
濾胞樹状細胞肉腫（FDCS）は，リンパ濾胞内の抗原提示細胞である濾胞樹状細胞から発生するまれな腫瘍である。症例は65歳男性で左頸部の腫瘤で他院を受診した。初診から7か月後に生検を施行しFDCSと診断され当院へ紹介された。腫瘍は左副神経領域に存在し，直径45mm大で，胸鎖乳突筋を超え皮膚に浸潤していた。治療は頸部郭清術が行われた。切除断端は陰性であり術後補助治療は施行せず，現在まで術後2年以上経過し …
NAID 130003395554