lymphatic vessel tumor

リンパ管腫瘍

WordNet

1. a craft designed for water transportation (同)watercraft
2. an object used as a container (especially for liquids)
3. a tube in which a body fluid circulates (同)vas
4. of or relating to or produced by lymph
5. an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose (同)tumour, neoplasm

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (比較的大型の)『船』 / (特に液体を入れる)容器,器 / (動植物の)『管』,導管,脈管
2. リンパ[液]の / (人が)不活発な,鈍重な

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/27 21:53:57」(JST)

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Lymph vessel
Lymph capillaries in the tissue spaces.
The thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct.
Latin	vas lymphaticum
Code	TA A12.0.00.038 TH H3.09.02.0.05001

In anatomy, lymph vessels (or lymphatic vessels) are thin walled, valved structures that carry lymph. As part of the lymphatic system, lymph vessels are complementary to the cardiovascular system. Lymph vessels are lined by endothelial cells, and have a thin layer of smooth muscles, and adventitia that bind the lymph vessels to the surrounding tissue. Lymph vessels are devoted to propulsion of the lymph from the lymph capillaries, which are mainly concerned with absorption of interstitial fluid from the tissues. Lymph capillaries are slightly larger than their counterpart capillaries of the vascular system. Lymph vessels that carry lymph to a lymph node are called the afferent lymph vessel, and one that carries it from a lymph node is called the efferent lymph vessel, from where the lymph may travel to another lymph node, may be returned to a vein, or may travel to a larger lymph duct. Lymph ducts drain the lymph into one of the subclavian veins and thus return it to general circulation.

Generally, lymph flows away from the tissues to lymph nodes and eventually to either the right lymphatic duct or the largest lymph vessel in the body, the thoracic duct. These vessels drain into the right and left subclavian veins respectively.

Function

Lymph vessels act as reservoirs for plasma and other substances including cells that have leaked from the vascular system and transport lymph fluid back from the tissues to the circulatory system. Without functioning lymph vessels, lymph cannot be effectively drained and edema typically results.

General structure of lymphatics

The general structure of lymphatics is based on that of blood vessels. There is an inner lining of single flattened epithelial cells (simple squamous epithelium) composed of a type of epithelium that is called endothelium, and the cells are called endothelial cells. This layer functions to mechanically transport fluid and since the basement membrane on which it rests is discontinuous; it leaks easily. The next layer is that of smooth muscles that are arranged in a circular fashion around the endothelium, which by shortening (contracting) or relaxing alter the diameter (caliber) of the lumen. The outermost layer is the adventitia that consists of fibrous tissue. The general structure described here is seen only in larger lymphatics; smaller lymphatics have fewer layers. The smallest vessels (lymphatic or lymph capillaries) lack both the muscular layer and the outer adventitia. As they proceed forward and in their course are joined by other capillaries, they grow larger and first take on an adventitia, and then smooth muscles.

The whole lymphatic conducting system broadly consists of two types of channels—the initial lymphatics, the prelymphatics or lymph capillaries that specialize in collection of the lymph from the ISF, and the larger lymph vessels that propel the lymph forward.

Unlike the cardiovascular system, the lymphatic system is not closed and has no central pump. Lymph movement occurs despite low pressure due to peristalsis (propulsion of the lymph due to alternate contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle), valves, and compression during contraction of adjacent skeletal muscle and arterial pulsation.

Lymph capillaries

Propulsion of lymph through lymph vessel

The lymphatic circulation begins with blind ending (closed at one end) highly permeable superficial lymph capillaries, formed by endothelial cells with button-like junctions between them that allow fluid to pass through them when the interstitial pressure is sufficiently high. These button-like junctions consist of protein filaments like platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 or (PECAM-1). A valve system in place here prevents the absorbed lymph from leaking back into the ISF. There is another system of semilunar (semi=half; lunar=related to the Moon) valves that prevents back-flow of lymph along the lumen of the vessel. Lymph capillaries have many interconnections (anastomoses) between them and form a very fine network.

Rhythmic contraction of the vessel walls through movements may also help draw fluid into the smallest lymphatic vessels, capillaries. If tissue fluid builds up the tissue will swell; this is called edema. As the circular path through the body's system continues, the fluid is then transported to progressively larger lymphatic vessels culminating in the right lymphatic duct (for lymph from the right upper body) and the thoracic duct (for the rest of the body); both ducts drain into the circulatory system at the right and left subclavian veins. The system collaborates with white blood cells in lymph nodes to protect the body from being infected by cancer cells, fungi, viruses or bacteria. This is known as a secondary circulatory system.

Lymph vessels

The lymph capillaries drain the lymph to larger contractile lymphatics, which have valves as well as smooth muscle walls. These are called the collecting lymphatics. As the collecting lymph vessel accumulates lymph from more and more lymph capillaries in its course, it becomes larger and is called the afferent lymph vessel as it enters a lymph node. Here the lymph percolates through the lymph node tissue and is removed by the efferent lymph vessel. An efferent lymph vessel may directly drain into one of the (right or thoracic) lymph ducts, or may empty into another lymph node as its afferent lymph vessel. Both the lymph ducts return the lymph to the blood stream by emptying into the subclavian veins

The functional unit of a lymph vessel is known as a lymphangion, which is the segment between two valves. Since it is contractile, depending upon the ratio of its length to its radius, it can act either like a contractile chamber propelling the fluid ahead, or as a resistance vessel tending to stop the lymph in its place.

Diseases of the lymphatic system

Lymphangiomatosis is a disease involving multiple cysts or lesions formed from lymphatic vessels.

Additional images

• Lymphatic system

• Section across portal canal of pig. X 250.

References

External links

• Lymphatic Vessels at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Bioweb at UWLAX Efferent lymph vessel
• Physiology at MCG 3/3ch9/s3ch9_5

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Use of a PEG-conjugated bright near-infrared dye for functional imaging of rerouting of tumor lymphatic drainage after sentinel lymph node metastasis.

• Proulx ST, Luciani P, Christiansen A, Karaman S, Blum KS, Rinderknecht M, Leroux JC, Detmar M.SourceInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, HCI H303, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
• Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2013 Jul;34(21):5128-37. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.034. Epub 2013 Apr 6.
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• Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast: A Clinicopathologic Study of 103 Cases of an Unusual and Highly Aggressive Variant of Breast Carcinoma.

• Gokce H, Durak MG, Akin MM, Canda T, Balci P, Ellidokuz H, Demirkan B, Gorken IB, Sevinc AI, Kocdor MA, Saydam S, Harmancioglu O.SourceDepartment of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
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• Lymphatic Endothelial Differentiation in Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cells.

• Davis JM, Hyjek E, Husain AN, Shen L, Jones J, Schuger LA.SourceDepartment of Pathology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (JEH, ANH, LS, JJ, LAS).
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Japanese Journal

• Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in bovine luteal cells induced by prostaglandin F2α, interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α

• ABE Hironori,SAKUMOTO Ryosuke,OKUDA Kiyoshi
• Journal of Reproduction and Development advpub(0), 2015
• … We recently demonstrated that luteal cells flow out from the ovary via lymphatic vessels during luteolysis. … To test the hypothesis that MMP expression in luteal cells is regulated by luteolytic factors, we investigated the effects of prostaglandin F2α (PGF), interferon γ (IFNG) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) on the mRNA expression of MMPs and TIMPs in cultured luteal cells. …
• NAID 130005066986

• Development of treatment regimen against tumor-bearing lymph node by lymphatic administration and sonoporation

• Kato Shigeki,Shirai Yuko,Mori Shiro,Kodama Tetsuya
• 生体医工学 52(Supplement), O-349-O-350, 2014
• … Here we show that local administration of antitumor agent, Doxorubicin (Dox), through lymphatic vessel (LV) with nano/micro bubbles (NMB) and ultrasound (US) exposure enhances antitumor efficacy. … We found that Dox and NMB could reach the tumor-bearing LN through LV and then US exposure to the LN enhanced the delivery of Dox into the tumor cells. …
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• Downregulation of Lymphatic Vessel Formation Factors in PGF_<2α>-induced Luteolysis in the Cow

• NITTA Akane,SHIRASUNA Koumei,NIBUNO Sayo,BOLLWEIN Heinrich,SHIMIZU Takashi,MIYAMOTO Akio
• The Journal of reproduction and development 59(3), 296-301, 2013-06-01
• NAID 10031184760

Related Links

• Lymphatic vessel tumor | Online references | cyclopaedia.net

References for "Lymphatic vessel tumor" im Internet, an Universitäten und in der Literatur... cyclopaedia.net ... In anatomy, lymph vessels (or lymphatic vessels) are thin walled, valved structures that carry lymph. As part of the lymphatic system ...

• Learn and talk about Lymphatic vessel tumor, Lymphatic system

Learn and talk about Lymphatic vessel tumor , and check out Lymphatic vessel tumor on Wikipedia, Youtube, Google News, Google ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「リンパ管腫瘍」
関連記事	「vessel」「lymphatic」「tumor」

「リンパ管腫瘍」

　　[★]

英

lymphatic vessel tumor

「vessel」

　　[★]

• n.

• 血管、(植物)導管、道管、(一般)容器

関

angio、blood vessel、canal、chamber、conduit、container、duct、sulodexide、vas、vascular、vein

　 　 　 　

「lymphatic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• リンパ性の、リンパの、リンパ液の

• n.

• リンパ管

関

lymph、lymph duct、lymphatic vessel、lymphocytic

　 　

「tumor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 腫瘍、腫瘤、腫脹