levator palpebrae superioris muscle

上眼瞼挙筋

WordNet

1. of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
2. one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
3. the head of a religious community
4. (often followed by `to'
5. (sometimes followed by `to'
6. having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
7. of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
8. make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
9. animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
10. one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
11. authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"
12. a muscle that serves to lift some body part (as the eyelid or lip)

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
2. 〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
3. 筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/08 23:57:37」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Levator muscle of upper eyelid
Rectus muscles: 2 = superior, 3 = inferior, 4 = medial, 5 = lateral Oblique muscles: 6 = superior, 8 = inferior Other muscle: 9 = levator palpebrae superioris Other structures: 1 = Annulus of Zinn, 7 = Trochlea, 10 = Superior tarsus, 11 = Sclera, 12 = Optic nerve
Sagittal section of right orbital cavity.
Details
Latin	Musculus levator palpebrae superioris
Origin	Sphenoid bone
Insertion	Tarsal plate, upper eyelid
Artery	Ophthalmic artery, superior ophthalmic vein
Nerve	Oculomotor nerve
Actions	Retracts / elevates eyelid
Antagonist	Orbicularis oculi muscle
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1021
Dorlands /Elsevier	m_22/12549616
TA	A15.2.07.020
FMA	49041
Anatomical terms of muscle

The levator palpebrae superioris (Latin for: elevating muscle of upper eyelid) is the muscle in the orbit that elevates the superior (upper) eyelid.

Structure

The levator palpebrae superioris originates on the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone, just above the optic foramen. It broadens and becomes the levator aponeurosis. This portion inserts on the skin of the upper eyelid, as well as the superior tarsal plate. It is a skeletal muscle. The superior tarsal muscle, a smooth muscle, is attached to the levator palpebrae superioris, and inserts on the superior tarsal plate as well.

Innervation

As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). It originates from the Edinger Westphal (E-W) nucleus. This is why, when one turns one's eye upward, the eyelid tends to rise with it. An adjoining smooth muscle, the superior tarsal muscle, is sympathetically innervated and is occasionally considered to be part of the levator palpebrae superioris.

Function

The levator palpebrae superioris muscle elevates and retracts the upper eyelid.

Clinical signifiance

Damage to this muscle, or its innervation, can cause ptosis, the drooping of the eyelid. Ptosis can also be caused by damage to the adjoining superior tarsal muscle, or its sympathetic innervation. Such damage to the sympathetic supply occurs in Horner's syndrome, and presents as a partial ptosis.

Additional images

• The sinuses at the base of the skull.

• Nerves of the orbit. Seen from above.

• Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the superior orbital fissure.

• The right eye in sagittal section, showing the fascia bulbi (semidiagrammatic).

• Sagittal section through the upper eyelid.

• Levator palpebrae superioris muscle

• Levator palpebrae superioris muscle

• Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.

• Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.

See also

This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.

• Blepharospasm
• Ptosis
• Superior tarsal muscle

References

External links

• -1979318192 at GPnotebook
• Anatomy figure: 29:01-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
• lesson3 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (orbit2)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 眼瞼下垂症の概要 overview of ptosis
• 2. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
• 3. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
• 4. 糖尿病性筋梗塞 diabetic muscle infarction
• 5. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness

English Journal

• Evidence of ancillary trigeminal innervation of levator palpebrae in the general population.

• Lehman AM, Dong CC, Harries AM, Patel A, Honey CR, Patel MS.Author information Department of Medical Genetics and Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, C234 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3N1.AbstractThe cranial synkineses are a group of disorders encompassing a variety of involuntary co-contractions of the facial, masticatory, or extraocular muscles that occur during a particular volitional movement. The neuroanatomical pathways for synkineses largely remain undefined. Our studies explored a normal synkinesis long observed in the general population - that of jaw opening during efforts to open the eyelids widely. To document this phenomenon, we observed 186 consecutive participants inserting or removing contact lenses to identify jaw opening. Seeking electrophysiological evidence, in a second study we enrolled individuals undergoing vascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm, without a history of jaw-winking, ptosis, or strabismus, to record any motor responses in levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) upon stimulation of the trigeminal motor root. Stimulus was applied to the trigeminal motor root while an electrode in levator recorded the response. We found that 37 participants (20%) opened their mouth partially or fully during contact lens manipulation. In the second study, contraction of LPS with trigeminal motor stimulation was documented in two of six patients, both undergoing surgery for trigeminal neuralgia. We speculate these results might provide evidence of an endogenous synkinesis, indicating that trigeminal-derived innervation of levator could exist in a significant minority of the general population. Our observations demonstrate plasticity in the human cranial nerve innervation pattern and may have implications for treating Marcus Gunn jaw-winking.
• Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2013 Oct 10. pii: S0967-5868(13)00281-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.03.029. [Epub ahead of print]
• The cranial synkineses are a group of disorders encompassing a variety of involuntary co-contractions of the facial, masticatory, or extraocular muscles that occur during a particular volitional movement. The neuroanatomical pathways for synkineses largely remain undefined. Our studies explored a no
• PMID 24120706

• Ocular myocysticercosis: an unusual case of ptosis.

• Agrawal S, Ranjan S, Mishra A.AbstractBackground: Cysticercosis is common in endemic countries like India. It can have various clinical manifestations depending on the tissue involved. It refers to a parasitic infestation by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of the pork tapeworm or Taenia solium. Objective: To report an unusual case of ocular cysticercosis involving the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscle of the right eye. Case description: A young, male adult was diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the skull and orbit to have right-sided ocular cysticercosis. The patient was treated with oral prednisolone and albendazole, to which he showed a significant improvement. Conclusion: Ocular myocysticercosis can be diagnosed by MRI and be treated medically with steroid and albendazole.
• Nepalese journal of ophthalmology : a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of the Nepal Ophthalmic Society : NEPJOPH.Nepal J Ophthalmol.2013 Jul;5(10):279-81. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v5i2.8745.
• Background: Cysticercosis is common in endemic countries like India. It can have various clinical manifestations depending on the tissue involved. It refers to a parasitic infestation by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of the pork tapeworm or Taenia solium. Objective: To report an unusual ca
• PMID 24172571

• Effect of clonidine added to lidocaine for sub-Tenon's (episcleral) anesthesia in cataract surgery.

• Cabral SA, Carraretto AR, Brocco MC, Baptista JF, Gomez RS.Author information Department of Anesthesiology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.AbstractPURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the duration of anesthesia, analgesia and ocular akinesia of clonidine added to lidocaine in sub-Tenon's anesthesia in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
• Journal of anesthesia.J Anesth.2013 Jun 25. [Epub ahead of print]
• PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the duration of anesthesia, analgesia and ocular akinesia of clonidine added to lidocaine in sub-Tenon's anesthesia in patients undergoing cataract surgery.METHODS: Forty patients were prospectively enrolled. They were randomized to two sub-Tenon's anesthesia groups: gr
• PMID 23797624

Japanese Journal

• 眼瞼痙攣・片側顔面痙攣に対するボツリヌス毒素施注の要領

• 東京女子医科大学雑誌 84(E1), E17-E23, 2014-01-31
• NAID 110009752549

• Clinico-anatomical Analysis of the Fibers to the Inferior Rectus Muscle in the Oculomotor Fascicles

• Internal Medicine 51(15), 2031-2034, 2012
• NAID 130002062276

• Intermuscular Transverse Ligament Goes under the Orbital Part of the Lacrimal Gland and Attaches to the Lateral Orbital Wall

• Japanese journal of ophthalmology 49(6), 542-543, 2005-11-01
• NAID 10019219114

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「上眼瞼挙筋」
関連記事	「superior」「palpebra」「muscle」

「上眼瞼挙筋」

　　[★]

英

levator palpebrae superioris muscle (N,KH)

ラ

musculus levator palpebrae superioris, levator palpebrae superioris (M,KL,K)

関

眼瞼

支配

• 動眼神経

機能

• 上眼瞼の挙上

「superior」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 優位な, 優れた, 上の, 上方の, 上位の

関

dominance、dominant、dominantly、epi、epistasis、epistatic、excellent、good、predominately、senior、superio、superiorly、supra

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「palpebra」

　　[★]

眼瞼

関

eyelid、palpebral

「muscle」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋肉