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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/12 23:03:03」(JST)

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Prolactin cell (also known as epsilon acidophil, lactotrope, lactotropic cell, lactotroph, mammatroph, mammotroph) is a cell in the anterior pituitary which produces prolactin in response to hormonal signals including dopamine which is inhibitory and thyrotropin-releasing hormone which is secretagogue. Other regulators include oxytocin, estrogen and progesterone.

Prolactin is involved in the maturation of mammary glands and their secretion of milk in association with oxytocin, estrogen, progesterone, glucocorticoids, and others. Prolactin has numerous other effects in both sexes.

Prolactin cells are acidophilic by hematoxylin & eosin stains and comprise about 20% of all cells in the anterior pituitary gland. If these cells undergo neoplastic transformation, they will give rise to a prolactinoma, a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma.

External links

"Lactotroph" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

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1. 乳腺刺激腺腫およびその他の原因による高プロラクチン血症の治療 treatment of hyperprolactinemia due to lactotroph adenoma and other causes
2. 高プロラクチン血症の原因 causes of hyperprolactinemia
3. 妊娠中の乳腺刺激腺腫（プロラクチン産生腫瘍）のマネージメント management of lactotroph adenoma prolactinoma during pregnancy
4. ゴナドトロピン産生下垂体腺腫，およびその他の臨床的に非機能性の下垂体腺腫の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of gonadotroph and other clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
5. 下垂体腺腫およびその他の鞍部腫瘤に対する経蝶形骨洞手術 transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas and other sellar masses

English Journal

Isolated Prolactin Deficiency Associated With Serum Autoantibodies Against Prolactin-Secreting Cells.

Iwama S, Welt CK, Romero CJ, Radovick S, Caturegli P.SourceMD, MPH, Johns Hopkins Pathology, Ross 656, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, Maryland 21205. pcat@jhmi.edu.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2013 Oct;98(10):3920-3925. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
Context: Isolated prolactin (PRL) deficiency is a rare entity of unknown etiology manifesting as failure of puerperal lactogenesis. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the cause of isolated PRL deficiency in an affected woman. Design and Setting: We examined genetic and autoimmune cause
PMID 23940128

The Role of Cyclic Nucleotides in Pituitary Lactotroph Functions.

Kucka M, Bjelobaba I, Tomić M, Stojilkovic SS.SourceSection on Cellular Signaling, Program in Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA.
Frontiers in endocrinology.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).2013 Sep 13;4:122.
Lactotrophs are one of the five secretory anterior pituitary cell types specialized to synthesize and release prolactin. In vitro, these cells fire action potentials (APs) spontaneously and the accompanied Ca2+ transients are of sufficient amplitude to keep the exocytotic pathway, the transcription
PMID 24062725

Metabolic glucose status and pituitary pathology portend therapeutic outcomes in acromegaly.

Cheng S, Al-Agha R, Araujo PB, Serri O, L Asa S, Ezzat S.SourceDepartment of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
PloS one.PLoS One.2013 Sep 9;8(9):e73543. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073543.
INTRODUCTION: Acromegaly is frequently associated with impaired glucose tolerance and/or diabetes. To evaluate the relationship between glucose metabolism and acromegaly disease, we evaluated 269 consecutive patients from two referral centres.METHODS: Clinical presentation, pituitary tumor size and
PMID 24039977

Japanese Journal

ACTH高値を示したGH・PRL同時産生腺腫の1例

竹内瑞穂,東條克能,斉藤隆俊 [他],神尾正巳,佐野壽昭,沖隆,柴田洋孝,田嶼尚子
ホルモンと臨牀 55(1), 85-89, 2007-01-01
NAID 10018718140

下垂体腺腫の病理

佐野壽昭,堀口英久,山田正三
脳神経外科ジャーナル 14(1), 10-17, 2005-01-20
… adenoma, TSH producing adenoma, ACTH producing adenoma, gonadotroph adenoma, null cell adenoma, unusual plurihormonal adenoma に分けられている.GH producing adenomaはdensely granulated somatotroph adenoma, sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma, mixed somatotroph-lactotroph adenoma, mammosomatotrophadenoma, acidophil stem cell adenoma の5型が細分され,後3者はGHとPRLをともに産生するタイプである.ACTH producing adenomaの亜型としてsilent ACTH producing adenoma とCrooke's cell adenoma が示され,前者をさらに電 …
NAID 110003813973

Cellular and functional interactions between gonadotrophs and lactotrophs in pituitary cell cultures

DE PAUL Ana Lucia,BONATERRA Monica,AOKI Agustin,TORRES Alicia Ines
Medical electron microscopy : official journal of the Clinical Electron Microscopy Society of Japan 33(4), 231-240, 2000-12-01
NAID 10010606556