WordNet

an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
reverse the position, order, relation, or condition of; "when forming a question, invert the subject and the verb" (同)reverse
make an inversion (in a musical composition); "here the theme is inverted"
a small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that protects the knee joint (同)kneecap, kneepan
being in such a position that top and bottom are reversed; "a quotation mark is sometimes called an inverted comma"; "an upside-down cake" (同)upside-down
near or relating to the patella or kneecap; "patellar tendon"

PrepTutorEJDIC

反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の
…‘を'逆さまにする / 〈順序・位置・関係など〉‘を'反対にする
=kneecap

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1. 膝蓋骨脱臼の鑑別および初期マネージメントrecognition and initial management of patellar dislocations [show details]
… lateral patellar dislocations are reviewed here. Knee (tibiofemoral) dislocations and other knee injuries in young athletes are discussed separately. Patellar dislocation is distinct from patellar subluxation …
2. 成人や青年の神経反射性失神：臨床症状と診断評価reflex syncope in adults and adolescents clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation [show details]
…postprandial hypotension . Reflexes initiated in various arterial and cardiac baroreceptors and carotid sinus reflexes may be involved (in the past, the term Bezold-Jarisch reflex has been used, but it is …
3. 小児や骨格発達の未成熟な青年の慢性膝関節痛または損傷に対するアプローチapproach to chronic knee pain or injury in children or skeletally immature adolescents [show details]
…disorders: the patellar tendon in patients with patellar tendinitis and the superior pole of the patella in those with quadriceps tendinitis. The diagnosis is made clinically. Treatment of patellar and quadriceps… may be reduced over the anterior thigh down to the medial aspect of the lower leg. A reduced knee reflex may also be present. Because radiculopathy is rare in children and adolescents, plain radiographs …
4. 新生児の神経学的検査neurologic examination of the newborn [show details]
… and ankle reflexes in a flaccid immobile infant suggests a cervical spinal cord lesion. Similarly, the combination of normal jaw, biceps, and supinator reflexes with an absent patellar response… accompany congenital myopathies and may present as an inverted U-shaped appearance of the upper lip.…
5. 成人における詳細な神経学的検査the detailed neurologic examination in adults [show details]
… performance. Test tandem gait and walking on the heels. .Reflexes — Test plantar responses and biceps, triceps, patellar, and ankle reflexes bilaterally. .Sensation — Test light touch sensation in all …

English Journal

Absent quadriceps reflex with distant toe flexor response: An underrecognized neurological sign.

Carvalho DZ, Boes CJ.
Clinical neurology and neurosurgery. 2016 Oct;149()44-5.
As opposed to finger flexion response upon tapping the styloid process with absent brachioradialis reflex (inverted brachioradialis reflex), toe flexion response upon patellar percussion with absent quadriceps reflex is a quite underrecognized neurological sign, and has been reported only once in th
PMID 27458829

Is lower leg proprioception essential for triggering human automatic postural responses?

Bloem BR, Allum JH, Carpenter MG, Honegger F.
Experimental brain research. 2000 Feb;130(3)375-91.
It is unknown to what extent automatic postural responses are triggered by lower leg proprioception. This issue was addressed by studying postural control in five carefully selected patients with subtle diabetic polyneuropathy (restricted to the lower legs) and 15 healthy subjects. All patients had
PMID 10706436

Experimentally induced thiamine deficiency in beagle dogs: clinical observations.

Read DH, Harrington DD.
American journal of veterinary research. 1981 Jun;42(6)984-91.
Twenty-three 2- to 5-month-old Beagle dogs were fed a purified thiamine-deficient ration (2 to 3 micrograms of thiamine/100 g of ration) at a rate of 40 to 70 g/kg of body weight/day depending on age. Eleven dogs were used as principles, 6 as pair-fed controls, and 6 as ad libitum-fed controls. Cont
PMID 7197132