WordNet
- use wrongly or improperly or excessively; "Her husband often abuses alcohol"; "while she was pregnant, she abused drugs"
- use foul or abusive language towards; "The actress abused the policeman who gave her a parking ticket"; "The angry mother shouted at the teacher" (同)clapperclaw, blackguard, shout
- a rude expression intended to offend or hurt; "when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them no abuse"; "they yelled insults at the visiting team" (同)insult, revilement, contumely, vilification
- material of a particular kind or constitution; "the immune response recognizes invading substances"
- a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties; "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man"
- the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists; "DNA is the substance of our genes"
- within or by means of a vein; "an intravenous inflammation"; "intravenous feeding" (同)endovenous
- used improperly or excessively especially drugs; "an abused substance"
- subjected to cruel treatment; "an abused wife" (同)ill-treated, maltreated, mistreated
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉〈C〉(自分の,あるいは人の権利などの)『乱用』,悪用《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》悪習,悪弊 / 〈U〉『悪口』,悪態,ののしり / 〈地位・権力など〉'を'『乱用する』,悪用する / …'を'『虐待する』(maltreat),酷使する / …'を'『ののしる』,‘の'悪口をいう
- 〈U〉『物質』,物 / 〈U〉《the~》(…の)『趣旨』,本音《+of+名》 / 〈U〉(スープなどの)濃さ,こく,中身[の詰まっていること] / 〈U〉『実質』,実 / 〈U〉《古》財産,資産
- 静脈内の
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 併発した統合失調症および物質使用障害の心理社会的介入 psychosocial interventions for co occurring schizophrenia and substance use disorder
- 2. 物質使用障害の臨床評価 clinical assessment of substance use disorders
- 3. 統合失調症および物質使用障害の併発：疫学、病因、臨床症状、経過、評価および診断 co occurring schizophrenia and substance use disorder epidemiology pathogenesis clinical manifestations course assessment and diagnosis
- 4. コカイン乱用による心血管系合併症の評価およびマネージメント evaluation and management of the cardiovascular complications of cocaine abuse
- 5. 成人におけるコカイン使用障害：病態、薬理学、臨床症状、医学的転帰、および診断 cocaine use disorder in adults epidemiology pharmacology clinical manifestations medical consequences and diagnosis
English Journal
- Dopamine decreases NMDA currents in the oval bed nucleus of the stria terminalis of cocaine self-administering rats.
- Krawczyk M1, Debacker J1, Mason X1, Jones AA1, Dumont EC2.Author information 1Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.2Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. Electronic address: eric.dumont@queensu.ca.AbstractDopamine (DA) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) contribute in the neural processes underlying drug-driven behaviors. DA is a potent modulator of NMDAR, but few studies have investigated the functional interaction between DA and NMDAR in the context of substance abuse. We combined the rat model of cocaine self-administration with brain slice electrophysiology to study DA modulation of NMDA currents in the oval bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (ovBNST), a dense DA terminal field involved in maintenance of cocaine self-administration amongst other drug related behaviors. Long-Evans rats self-administered intravenous cocaine (0.75mg/kg/injection) on a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement for 15days and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were done on the 16th day. DA reduced NMDA currents in brain-slices from cocaine self-administering rats, but not in those of drug-naïve and sucrose self-administering, or when cocaine exposure was passive (yoked), revealing a mechanism unique to voluntary cocaine intake. DA reduced NMDA currents by activating G-protein-coupled D1- and D2-like receptors that converged on phospholipase C and protein phosphatases. Accordingly, our study reveals a mechanism that may contribute to dysfunctional synaptic plasticity associated with drug-driven behaviors during acute withdrawal.
- Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Jun 3;51:83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 26.
- Dopamine (DA) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) contribute in the neural processes underlying drug-driven behaviors. DA is a potent modulator of NMDAR, but few studies have investigated the functional interaction between DA and NMDAR in the context of substance abuse. We combined the rat m
- PMID 24472317
- Family History of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Childhood Trauma, and Age of First Drug Injection.
- Taplin C1, Sahoo S, Li K, Krausz MR.Author information 11Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.AbstractBackground: Childhood maltreatment may lead to development of future substance use; however the contributions of a family history of substance use is unclear. Objectives: To better understand the relationship between childhood abuse, family history of alcohol and drug abuse, and injecting drug use initiation in a cohort of chronic opioid users. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of long-term and difficult to treat intravenous opiate users of the North American Opiate Medication Initiative (NAOMI) cohort was conducted in two Canadian cities (Vancouver and Montreal). For the analysis, we selected a subsample (n = 87) of the population reported experiencing childhood abuse and completed a 12-month follow up. The sample was 41.4% female and 14.9% First Nations, with a mean age of 38 years. This sample then completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) beside others. Results: Maternal alcohol and drug use was significantly associated with childhood sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and physical neglect. Paternal alcohol and drug use was significantly associated with childhood physical abuse. Increased severity of all types of childhood trauma was related to an earlier age of first injection. Conclusions/Importance: Family history of drug and alcohol use is strongly associated with childhood trauma, which may, in turn, lead to an earlier initiation to the dangerous routes of drug injection.
- Substance use & misuse.Subst Use Misuse.2014 Apr 7. [Epub ahead of print]
- Background: Childhood maltreatment may lead to development of future substance use; however the contributions of a family history of substance use is unclear. Objectives: To better understand the relationship between childhood abuse, family history of alcohol and drug abuse, and injecting drug use i
- PMID 24708431
- Relationship between hunger, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and plasma HIV RNA suppression among HIV-positive illicit drug users in a Canadian setting.
- Anema A1, Kerr T, Milloy MJ, Feng C, Montaner JS, Wood E.Author information 1a British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.AbstractFood insecurity may be a barrier to achieving optimal HIV treatment-related outcomes among illicit drug users. This study therefore, aimed to assess the impact of severe food insecurity, or hunger, on plasma HIV RNA suppression among illicit drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A cross-sectional Multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the potential relationship between hunger and plasma HIV RNA suppression. A sample of n = 406 adults was derived from a community-recruited open prospective cohort of HIV-positive illicit drug users, in Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada. A total of 235 (63.7%) reported "being hungry and unable to afford enough food," and 241 (59.4%) had plasma HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml. In unadjusted analyses, self-reported hunger was associated with lower odds of plasma HIV RNA suppression (Odds Ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39-0.90, p = 0.015). In multivariate analyses, this association was no longer significant after controlling for socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics, including 95% adherence (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.37-1.10, p = 0.105). Multivariate models stratified by 95% adherence found that the direction and magnitude of this association was not significantly altered by the adherence level. Hunger was common among illicit drug users in this setting. Although, there was an association between hunger and lower likelihood of plasma HIV RNA suppression, this did not persist in adjusted analyses. Further research is warranted to understand the social-structural, policy, and physical factors shaping the HIV outcomes of illicit drug users.
- AIDS care.AIDS Care.2014 Apr;26(4):459-65. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2013.832724. Epub 2013 Sep 9.
- Food insecurity may be a barrier to achieving optimal HIV treatment-related outcomes among illicit drug users. This study therefore, aimed to assess the impact of severe food insecurity, or hunger, on plasma HIV RNA suppression among illicit drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A cross
- PMID 24015838
Japanese Journal
- Projecting the Minimum Size of HIV Infection and AIDS Epidemic in China
- Jian Tao,Morio Shinsuke,Soda Kenji,Nakayama Hideaki
- Journal of Epidemiology 2(1), 27-33, 1992
- … At present, intravenous drug users (IVDUs) comprise the largest risk group to develop acquired immunodefeciency syndrome (AIDS) in China, and their sex partners seem the second largest risk group. … if we include oral drug users who also have experienced intravenous drug use, HIV positives will be 3, 304, AIDS cases 1, 285, death 887; …
- NAID 130000797823
- 世界における覚せい剤の乱用の現状と問題点
- 中原 雄二
- 衛生化学 36(2), 100-108, 1990-04-28
- … World trends and problems of amphetamine and methamphetamine abuse, were described. … Since the world seizures of the controlled drugs such as opiates, heroin, cocaine, cannabis and other psychotropic substances have rapidly increased in recent years, the author focused on the world-wide spread of amphetamine abuse. …
- NAID 110003643655
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「静脈内薬物乱用」「intravenous drug abuse」 |
| 関連記事 | 「abuse」「substance」「intravenous」 |
「静脈内薬物乱用」
「intravenous drug abuse」
「abuse」
- vt.
- (才能、地位、人の好意などを)濫用する、悪用する、誤用する。(薬物などを)濫用する
- 虐待する、酷使する。口汚く罵る、罵倒する
- n.
- 濫用、悪用、誤用。(薬物、酒などの)不正使用、過剰摂取、濫用。悪弊、悪習
- 虐待、酷使
- ex.
「substance」
- n.
「intravenous」
- adj.
- 静脈内の
- (投薬方法:静脈内投与)i.v., IV (ADME)