internal mammary artery

内乳動脈、内胸動脈

関

internal thoracic artery、mammary artery

WordNet

1. work as an intern; "The young doctor is interning at the Medical Center this year"
2. an advanced student or graduate in medicine gaining supervised practical experience (`houseman is a British term) (同)interne, houseman, medical intern
3. deprive of freedom; "During WW II, Japanese were interned in camps in the West"
4. happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface; "internal organs"; "internal mechanism of a toy"; "internal party maneuvering"
5. occurring within an institution or community; "intragroup squabbling within the corporation" (同)intragroup
6. a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
7. a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
8. of or relating to the milk-giving gland of the female

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (特に戦時中)〈人・船など〉‘を'強制収容する,抑留する
2. 『内側の』,内部にある / 『国内の』(domestic) / 内からとる,内用の
3. 動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
4. 乳房の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/27 10:53:12」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Artery: Internal thoracic artery
Anterior Wall of the Thorax, labeled at center.
Right internal thoracic artery and its branches. (Labeled under its' old name the Internal mammary artery. at upper right.)
Latin	Arteria thoracica interna, (arteria mammaria interna)
Gray's	p.583
Source	Subclavian artery
Branches	Pericardiophrenic Anterior intercostal branches Musculophrenic Superior epigastric Perforating branches
Vein	Internal thoracic vein
MeSH	Mammary+Arteries

In human anatomy, the internal thoracic artery (ITA), previously known as the internal mammary artery (a name still common among surgeons^{[citation needed]}), is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries.

Course

The internal thoracic artery arises from the subclavian artery near its origin.

It travels downward on the inside of the ribcage, approximately a centimeter from the sides of the sternum, and thus medial to the nipple. It is accompanied by the internal thoracic vein.

It runs deep to the internal intercostal muscles, but superficial to the transverse thoracic muscles.

It continues downward until it divides into the musculophrenic artery and the superior epigastric artery around the sixth intercostal space.

Branches

• Mediastinal branches
• Thymic branches
• Pericardiacophrenic artery - travels with the phrenic nerve
• Sternal branches
• Perforating branches
• Twelve anterior intercostal branches, two to each of the top six intercostal spaces. In a given space, the upper branch travelling laterally along the bottom of the rib until it anastomoses with its corresponding posterior intercostal artery. The lower branch of the space anastomoses with a collateral branch of the posterior intercostal artery.

After passing the sixth intercostal space, the internal thoracic artery splits into the following two terminal branches:

• Musculophrenic artery - roughly follows the costal margin
• Superior epigastric artery - continues the course of the internal thoracic artery, travelling downward into the abdominal wall

Revascularization with the ITA

The internal thoracic artery is the cardiac surgeon's blood vessel of choice for coronary artery bypass grafting. The left ITA has a superior long-term patency to saphenous vein grafts and other arterial grafts (e.g. radial artery, gastroepiploic artery) when grafted to the left anterior descending coronary artery, generally the most important vessel, clinically, to revascularize.

Plastic surgeons may use either the left or right internal thoracic arteries for autologous free flap reconstruction of the breast after mastectomy. Usually a micro-vascular anastomosis is performed at the second intercostal space to the artery on which the free flap is based.

Additional images

• Anterior Thoracic Wall, from behind

• Diagram of an Intercostal Space

• Posterior surface of sternum and costal cartilages, showing Transversus thoracis.

• Transverse section of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery.

• The axillary artery and its branches.

• The right brachial plexus with its short branches, viewed from in front.

• Diagram of the course and branches of a typical intercostal nerve. Labeled under its deprecated name the internal mammary artery.

References

External links

• -502923206 at GPnotebook - Internal thoracic artery

Figures of ITA grafts

• Figure of heart with two saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) and a LITA graft - texheartsurgeons.com
• Drawing of the heart with a SVG to the right coronary artery (RCA) and a LITA graft to the LAD - darcystudios.com
• Drawing of the heart with a SVG to the RCA and a LITA graft to the LAD - mayoclinic.org

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 冠動脈バイパス術：失敗の原因および割合 coronary artery bypass graft surgery causes and rates of graft failure
• 2. 冠動脈バイパス術：長期的臨床転帰 coronary artery bypass graft surgery long term clinical outcomes
• 3. 冠動脈バイパス術の早期心合併症 early cardiac complications of coronary artery bypass graft surgery
• 4. 冠動脈疾患のマネージメントにおける血行再建術専用デバイス specialized revascularization devices in the management of coronary heart disease
• 5. 低侵襲冠動脈バイパス術：定義および技術的な問題 minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft surgery definitions and technical issues

English Journal

• Multiple arterial grafting confers survival advantage compared to percutaneous intervention with drug-eluting stents in multivessel coronary artery disease: A propensity score adjusted analysis.

• Raja SG1, Benedetto U2, Ilsley CD3, Amrani M2; Harefield Cardiac Outcomes Research Group.
• International journal of cardiology.Int J Cardiol.2015 Jun 15;189:153-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.059. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
• BACKGROUND: The best revascularisation strategy for multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) is still controversial. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) utilising drug eluting stents (DES) has emerged as an acceptable alternative to conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the la
• PMID 25897895

• A rare case of left internal mammary artery disease before bypass surgery.

• Tripathi SP1, Kerkar PG2, Lanjewar CP2, Phadke MS2.
• European heart journal.Eur Heart J.2015 Jun 7;36(22):1349. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv095. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
• PMID 25852215

• Mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxation of Human internal mammary artery induced by (-)-epicatechin.

• Novakovic A1, Marinko M2, Vranic A2, Jankovic G2, Milojevic P3, Stojanovic I3, Nenezic D3, Ugresic N2, Kanjuh V4, Yang Q5, He GW6.
• European journal of pharmacology.Eur J Pharmacol.2015 Jun 3. pii: S0014-2999(15)30063-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.066. [Epub ahead of print]
• Evidences have suggested that flavanol compound (-)-epicatechin is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. One of the mechanisms of its cardioprotective effect is vasodilation. However, the exact mechanisms by which (-)-epicatechin causes vasodilation are not yet clearly defined. Th
• PMID 26049011

Japanese Journal

• Aortic Valve Replacement by Ministernotomy in Redo Patients with Previous Left Internal Mammary Artery Patent Grafts

• GAETA Roberto,LENTINI Salvatore,RAFFA Giuseppe,PELLEGRINI Carlo,ZATTERA Giuseppe,VIGANO Mario
• Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 16(3), 181-186, 2010-06-01
• NAID 10026595875

• High-Output Cardiomyopathy Regression Following Percutaneous Closure of Left Internal Mammary and Subclavian to Pulmonary Artery Fistulae

• ADREANIDES Elias,GIAMOUZIS Gregory,PAVLIDES Gregory
• Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 74(6), 1260-1261, 2010-05-25
• NAID 10026475183

Related Links

• internal mammary artery - definition of internal mammary ...

internal mammary artery. See internal thoracic artery. in·ter·nal tho·rac·ic ar·ter·y [TA] origin, subclavian; branches, pericardiacophrenic, anterior intercostal, sternal, mediastinal, thymic, bronchial, muscular, and perforating branches ...

• mammary artery, internal - definition of mammary artery ...

artery /ar˙te˙ry/ (ahr&stress;t&ebreve;-re) a vessel in which blood flows away from the heart, in the systemic circulation carrying oxygenated blood. arte&stress;rial, adj. Representation of arterial coats: (A), tunica intima; (B), internal elastic lamina; ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「内胸動脈」「mammary artery」「内乳動脈」
関連記事	「internal」「mammary artery」「mammary」「intern」

「内胸動脈」

　　[★]

英

internal thoracic artery (N), ITA

ラ

arteria thoracica interna

同

内乳動脈 internal mammary artery

• 図：M.60 KH.10

起始

• 鎖骨下動脈の甲状頚動脈を分岐する付近で下方に分枝

走行

• 胸郭の中をほぼ胸骨に沿って下行し、各肋骨の下縁で内胸動脈前肋間枝を出す
  • 肋骨の下縁では、内胸動脈前肋間枝と前肋間静脈と肋間神経が伴行している。
• 内胸動脈はさらに下行し、筋横隔動脈と上腹壁動脈に分岐する。

枝

Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.

「mammary artery」

　　[★]

乳動脈、胸動脈

関

internal mammary artery、internal thoracic artery、thoracic artery

「内乳動脈」

　　[★]

英

internal mammary artery

関

内胸動脈

「internal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 内部の、内の、体内の、内的な

関

endo、in vivo、interior、internally、intra

　 　 　

「mammary artery」

　　[★]

乳動脈、胸動脈

関

internal mammary artery、internal thoracic artery、thoracic artery

「mammary」

　　[★]

• 乳房の、乳腺の

関

breast、mammary gland、udder

　 　

「intern」

　　[★]

• n.

• インターン、医学研修生