関: IL-16、IL16

WordNet

any of several lymphokines that promote macrophages and killer T cells and B cells and other components of the immune system

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/02 20:36:06」(JST)

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Pro-interleukin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL16 gene.^[1]^[2] This gene was discovered in 1982 at Boston University by Dr. David Center and Dr. William Cruikshank.^[3]

The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant, a modulator of T cell activation, and an inhibitor of HIV replication. The signaling process of this cytokine is mediated by CD4. The product of this gene undergoes proteolytic processing, which is found to yield two functional proteins. The cytokine function is exclusively attributed to the secreted C-terminal peptide, while the N-terminal product may play a role in cell cycle control. Caspase 3 is reported to be involved in the proteolytic processing of this protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.^[2]

Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a cytokine that released by a variety of cells (including lymphocytes and some epithelial cells) that has been characterized as a chemoattractant for certain immune cells expressing the cell surface molecule CD4.

IL-16 was originally described as a factor that could attract activated T cells in humans, it was previously called lymphocyte chemoattractant factor (LCF).^[3] Since then, this interleukin has been shown to recruit and activate many other cells expressing the CD4 molecule, including monocytes, eosinophils, and dendritic cells.^[4]

The structure of IL-16 was determined following its cloning in 1994.^[5] This cytokine is produced as a precursor peptide (pro-IL-16) that requires processing by an enzyme called caspase-3 to become active. CD4 is the cell signaling receptor for mature IL-16.

Interactions

Interleukin 16 has been shown to interact with Kir2.1,^[6] KCNJ10,^[6] GRIN2D,^[6] GRIN2A,^[6] PPP1R12B,^[7] PPP1R12A^[7] and KCNJ15.^[6]

References

^ Baier M, Bannert N, Werner A, Lang K, Kurth R (Jun 1997). "Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 (10): 5273–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5273. PMC 24668. PMID 9144227. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC24668/.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: IL16 interleukin 16 (lymphocyte chemoattractant factor)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3603.
^ ^a ^b Cruikshank W, Center DM (1982). "Modulation of lymphocyte migration by human lymphokines. II. Purification of a lymphotactic factor (LCF)". J. Immunol. 128 (6): 2569–74. PMID 7042841. http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/reprint/128/6/2569.
^ Cruikshank WW, Kornfeld H, Center DM (2000). "Interleukin-16". J. Leukoc. Biol. 67 (6): 757–66. PMID 10857846. http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/67/6/757.
^ Cruikshank WW, Center DM, Nisar N, Wu M, Natke B, Theodore AC, Kornfeld H (1994). "Molecular and functional analysis of a lymphocyte chemoattractant factor: association of biologic function with CD4 expression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (11): 5109–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.11.5109. PMC 43941. PMID 7910967. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC43941/.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kurschner, C; Yuzaki M (Sep. 1999). "Neuronal interleukin-16 (NIL-16): a dual function PDZ domain protein". J. Neurosci. (UNITED STATES) 19 (18): 7770–80. PMID 10479680.
^ ^a ^b Bannert, Norbert; Vollhardt Karin, Asomuddinov Bakhtier, Haag Marion, König Herbert, Norley Stephen, Kurth Reinhard (Oct. 2003). "PDZ Domain-mediated interaction of interleukin-16 precursor proteins with myosin phosphatase targeting subunits". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (43): 42190–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306669200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12923170.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Elevated circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor in individuals with acute spinal cord injury.

Bank M1, Stein A2, Sison C3, Glazer A1, Jassal N2, McCarthy D2, Shatzer M2, Hahn B4, Chugh R5, Davies P5, Bloom O6.
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.Arch Phys Med Rehabil.2015 Apr;96(4):633-44. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.10.021. Epub 2014 Nov 15.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is elevated in the circulation of individuals with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) compared with uninjured individuals.DESIGN: Prospective, observational pilot study.SETTING: Academic medical center.PARTICIPANTS: Adul
PMID 25461821

Emerging role of IL-16 in cytokine-mediated regulation of multiple sclerosis.

Skundric DS1, Cruikshank WW2, Montgomery PC1, Lisak RP3, Tse HY4.
Cytokine.Cytokine.2015 Feb 18. pii: S1043-4666(15)00009-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.01.005. [Epub ahead of print]
Cytokines are pleiotropic soluble mediators of cellular functions. Cytokines are critical in immune pathogenesis of human diseases, including autoimmune CD4+ T cell mediated chronic inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), multiple sclerosis (MS
PMID 25703787

Clostridium difficile toxin B inhibits the secretory response of human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1) cells stimulated with high free-Ca²⁺ and GTPγS.

Balletta A1, Lorenz D2, Rummel A3, Gerhard R4, Bigalke H5, Wegner F6.
Toxicology.Toxicology.2015 Feb 3;328:48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Clostridium difficile toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) belong to the class of large clostridial cytotoxins and inactivate by glucosylation some low molecular mass GTPases of the Rho-family (predominantly Rho, Rac and Cdc42), known as regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. TcdA and B also represent the
PMID 25497110

Japanese Journal

血液疾患における免疫異常(<特集>医学研究のUP-to-DATE)

小池道明
順天堂医学 51(1), 11-17, 2005-03-31
… また,ビタミンD_3は以前より分化誘導物質として考えられており,各種悪性腫瘍に効果のあるアナログの検討がなされている.多発性骨髄腫の末梢血のCD4/CD8比が低下していることと,CD8^+T cellより産生され,CD4^+T cellを制御するIL-16を測定すると,病状が進行している症例で,高くなることが分かった.骨髄移植や分子標的療法の進歩が見られる中で,抗サイトカイン療法や,分化誘導療法も益々重要性が増してきていると考えられる. …
NAID 110004616593

Interleukin-16 in patients with alopecia areata

TANYASIRI Kanlaya,HIRA Kayako,MITSUISHI Kouichi,UEKI Rie,SEKIGAWA Iwao,OGAWA Hideoki
Journal of dermatological science 37(1), 55-57, 2005-01-01
NAID 10018030437

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「インターロイキン16」「IL-16」「インターロイキン-16」
拡張検索	「interleukin-16 receptor」
関連記事	「interleukin」「interleukins」

「インターロイキン16」

Interleukin 16
	; PDB rendering based on 1i16.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1I16, 1X6D
Identifiers
Symbols	IL16; LCF; NIL16; PRIL16; prIL-16
External IDs	OMIM: 603035 MGI: 1270855 HomoloGene: 18157 GeneCards: IL16 Gene
Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• cytokine activity;
Cellular component	• extracellular space; • nucleus; • cytoplasm; • plasma membrane;
Biological process	• transcription, DNA-dependent; • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; • immune response; • virus-host interaction; • leukocyte chemotaxis; • induction of positive chemotaxis;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
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