WordNet
- a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure (同)hiatus
- marine microorganism having a calcareous shell with openings where pseudopods protrude (同)foraminifer
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (骨・植物などの)孔(こう),開口
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/09/26 00:24:57」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Infraorbital foramen |
The skull from the front. (Infraorbital foramen labeled at center right, under the eye.)
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Articulation of nasal and lacrimal bones with maxilla. (Infraorbital foramen labeled at left.)
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Latin |
Foramen infraorbitale |
Gray's |
p.158 |
TA |
A02.1.12.008 |
FMA |
FMA:57718 |
Anatomical terms of bone |
In human anatomy, the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an opening in the maxillary bone of the skull located below the infraorbital margin (IOM) of the orbit (eye socket). It allows passage for the infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve which are branches of the maxillary branch (V2) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The IOF-IOM distance varies between 6.10 to 10.9 mm (0.240 to 0.429 in).[1] Forming the exterior end of the infraorbital canal, the infraorbital foramen communicates with the infraorbital groove, the canal's opening on the interior side.
The ramifications of the three principal branches of the trigeminal nerve — at the supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental foramina — are distributed on a vertical line (in anterior view) passing through the middle of the pupil. The infraorbital foramina is used as a pressure point to test the sensitivity of the infraorbital nerve.[2] Palpation of the infraorbital foramen during an extraoral examination or an administration of a local anesthetic agent will cause soreness to the area.[3]
Contents
- 1 See also
- 2 Additional images
- 3 References
- 4 External links
See also
Additional images
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A Grizzly bear's skull with the left infraorbital foramina clearly visible
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1 Foramen ethmoidale, 2 Canalis opticus, 3 Fissura orbitalis superior, 4 Fossa sacci lacrimalis, 5 Sulcus infraorbitalis, 6 Fissura orbitalis inferior, 7 Foramen infraorbitale
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References
- ^ Macedo, VC; Cabrini, RR; Faig-Leite, H (2009). "Infraorbital foramen location in dry human skulls". Braz. J. Morphol. Sci. 26 (1): 35–38.
- ^ Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. p. 336. ISBN 3-13-533305-1.
- ^ Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 55
External links
- cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
- Anatomy photo:29:os-0506 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center (closeup)
- Anatomy figure: 22:02-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center (distance)
- Upstate.edu
- Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier
Bones of head and neck: the facial skeleton of the skull (TA A02.1.08–15, GA 2.156–177)
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Maxilla |
Surfaces |
- Anterior: fossae (Incisive fossa, Canine fossa)
- Infraorbital foramen
- Anterior nasal spine
- Infratemporal: Alveolar canals
- Maxillary tuberosity
- Orbital: Infraorbital groove
- Infraorbital canal
- Nasal: Greater palatine canal
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Processes |
- Zygomatic process
- Frontal process (Agger nasi, Anterior lacrimal crest)
- Alveolar process
- Palatine process (Incisive foramen, Incisive canals, Foramina of Scarpa, Incisive bone, Anterior nasal spine)
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Other |
- Body of maxilla
- Maxillary sinus
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Zygomatic |
- Orbital process (Zygomatico-orbital)
- Temporal process (Zygomaticotemporal)
- Lateral process (Zygomaticofacial)
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Palatine |
Fossae |
- Pterygopalatine fossa
- Pterygoid fossa
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Plates |
- Horizontal plate (Posterior nasal spine)
- Perpendicular plate (Greater palatine canal, Sphenopalatine foramen, Pyramidal process)
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Processes |
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Mandible |
Body |
- external surface (Symphysis menti, Lingual foramen, Mental protuberance, Mental foramen, Mandibular incisive canal)
- internal surface (Mental spine, Mylohyoid line, Sublingual fovea, Submandibular fovea)
- Alveolar part of mandible
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Ramus |
- Mylohyoid groove (Mandibular canal, Lingula)
- Mandibular foramen
- Angle
- Coronoid process
- Mandibular notch
- Condyloid process
- Pterygoid fovea
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Minor/
nose |
- Nasal bone: Internasal suture
- Nasal foramina
- Inferior nasal concha: Ethmoidal process
- Maxillary process
- Vomer: Vomer anterior
- Synostosis vomerina
- Vomer posterior (Wing)
- Lacrimal: Posterior lacrimal crest
- Lacrimal groove
- Lacrimal hamulus
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anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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Bones of head and neck: Foramina of the skull (and canals, fissures, meatus, and hiatus) (TA A02.1.00.053–097, GA 2.178–199)
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Anterior cranial fossa |
to Orbit: |
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to Nasal cavity: |
- olfactory foramina (CN-I)
- foramen cecum
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Middle cranial fossa |
to Orbit: |
- optic canal (CN-II)
- superior orbital fissure (CN-III,IV,V1,VI)
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to Pterygopalatine fossa: |
- foramen rotundum (CN-V2)
- pterygoid canal
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to Infratemporal fossa: |
- foramen ovale (CN-V3)
- foramen spinosum/carotid canal
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other: |
- foramen lacerum
- hiatus for greater petrosal nerve
- hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve
- sphenoidal emissary foramen
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Posterior cranial fossa |
- internal auditory meatus/facial canal/stylomastoid foramen (CN-VII,VIII)
- jugular foramen (CN-IX,X,XI)
- foramen magnum (CN-XI)
- hypoglossal canal (CN-XII)
- condylar canal
- mastoid foramen
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Orbit |
to Nasal cavity: |
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to Face: |
- supraorbital
- infraorbital
- zygomatic foramen
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to Pterygopalatine fossa: |
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other: |
- Inferior orbital fissure
- Fossa for lacrimal sac
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Pterygopalatine fossa |
to Nasal cavity: |
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to Oral cavity: |
- greater palatine canal/greater palatine foramen
- lesser palatine canals/lesser palatine foramina
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to Infratemporal fossa: |
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to Nasopharynx: |
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to Oral cavity: |
- incisive canals
- incisive foramen
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to Nasal cavity: |
- Foramen vomerinum
- Meatus vomerinus
- Fissura vomerina
- Hiatus vomerinus
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Other |
- external acoustic meatus
- mandibular foramen
- mental foramen
- parietal foramen
- petrotympanic fissure
- semilunar hiatus
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anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Retrograde maxillary nerve perineural injection: A tomographic and anatomical evaluation of the infraorbital canal and evaluation of needle type and size in equine cadavers.
- Nannarone S1, Bini G2, Vuerich M2, Menchetti L2, Arcelli R2, Angeli G2.
- Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997).Vet J.2016 Nov;217:33-39. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.05.016. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
- The aim of this study was to investigate a new approach for equine maxillary nerve blocks, which can facilitate several orofacial surgeries. Current techniques aim at the maxillary foramen and approach via the zygomatic arch, conferring the risk of injury to several delicate structures in the target
- PMID 27810208
- Comparative cranial morphology in living and extinct platypuses: Feeding behavior, electroreception, and loss of teeth.
- Asahara M1, Koizumi M2, Macrini TE3, Hand SJ4, Archer M4.
- Science advances.Sci Adv.2016 Oct 12;2(10):e1601329. eCollection 2016.
- The modern platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, has an eye structure similar to aquatic mammals; however, platypuses also have a "sixth sense" associated with the bill electro- and mechanoreception that they use without opening their eyes underwater. We hypothesize that Ornithorhynchus and the Miocen
- PMID 27757425
- Pterygopalatine Fossa Anatomy for a Surgical Approach to Sphenopalatine Ganglion.
- Frautschi RS1, Halasa B, Orra S, Mlynek K, Steiner CP, Papay FA.
- The Journal of craniofacial surgery.J Craniofac Surg.2016 Oct;27(7):1866-1869.
- The sphenopalatine ganglion is an extracranial neural structure within the pterygopalatine fossa. Modulation of this region via implantation of a neuromodulatory device presents a novel therapy for the treatment of facial and head pain. Yet sex, race, and genetic factors contribute to morphological
- PMID 27741209
Japanese Journal
- 眼窩および鼻副鼻腔に発生した IgG4 関連疾患の1例
- Architecture of blood vessels in the mouse infraorbital nerve
Related Links
- Seen and Heard What made you want to look up infraorbital foramen? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
- In human anatomy, the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an opening in the maxillary bone of the skull located below the infraorbital margin (IOM) of the orbit (eye socket). It allows passage for the infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve. The IOF ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- infraorbital foramen
- ラ
- foramen infraorbitale
[★]
孔
- 関
- foramina、hole、vent