WordNet

systematic combining of root and modifying elements into single words
a compound made artificially by chemical reactions (同)synthetic substance
involving or of the nature of synthesis (combining separate elements to form a coherent whole) as opposed to analysis; "limnology is essentially a synthetic science composed of elements...that extend well beyond the limits of biology"- P.S.Welch (同)synthetical
of a proposition whose truth value is determined by observation or facts; "`all men are arrogant is a synthetic proposition" (同)synthetical
not genuine or natural; "counterfeit rhetoric that flourishes when passions are synthetic"- George Will
any connection or unifying bond
a sheet or band of tough fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages or supporting muscles or organs

PrepTutorEJDIC

総合の,統合的な / 合成の,人造の / にせの,作りごとの / (言語が)総合的な(統語的関係を表すのに,独立した語より屈折形を広く用いるもの) / 合成品,人造物
靱帯(じんたい)(骨と骨を結びつてけ関節の動きを調節する)

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1. 前十字靱帯損傷 anterior cruciate ligament injury
2. 子宮摘出時の予防的膣尖部挙上術 prophylactic vaginal apex suspension at the time of hysterectomy
3. 合成カンナビノイド：急性中毒 synthetic cannabinoids acute intoxication
4. 後十字靱帯損傷 posterior cruciate ligament injury
5. Transvaginal synthetic mesh: Management of exposure and pain following pelvic surgery

English Journal

Resistance to vertical fracture of MTA-filled roots.

El-Ma'aita AM, Qualtrough AJ, Watts DC.Author information School of Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.AbstractAIM: To investigate the effect of MTA root canal fillings on the resistance to vertical root fracture (VRF) over different time intervals.
Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology.Dent Traumatol.2014 Feb;30(1):36-42. doi: 10.1111/edt.12025. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
AIM: To investigate the effect of MTA root canal fillings on the resistance to vertical root fracture (VRF) over different time intervals.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Freshly extracted anterior human teeth with single canals and minimal curvatures were decoronated, instrumented to size 50/.05 ProTaper file
PMID 23305115

Differences in anterior cruciate ligament elasticity and force for knee flexion in women: oral contraceptive users versus non-oral contraceptive users.

Lee H, Petrofsky JS, Daher N, Berk L, Laymon M.Author information Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, USA.AbstractEighty-two percent of sexually active women aged 15-44 have used oral contraceptive pills (OCP) in the United States. The OCP, an exogenous source of synthetic forms of steroid hormones, prevents ovulation. Hormone changes during the menstrual cycle (MC) are believed to have an impact on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity due to estrogen. Because the estrogen receptor β resides on human connective tissue, OCP may have potential impact on tendon and ligament synthesis, structure, and biomechanical properties. Temperature has also been known to have an effect on tissue elasticity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in ACL elasticity, force to flex the knee (FFK), and knee flexion-extension hysteresis (KFEH) between OCP users and non-OCP users. To investigate these changes, two different knee temperatures were measured. Nineteen young females were divided into two groups: OCP users and non-OCP users. Blood for estradiol serum concentration (E2) was taken before beginning the tests. ACL elasticity, FFK, and KFEH were assessed both at ambient temperature (22 °C) and after 38 °C warming of the leg to stabilize tissue temperature. Assessments were performed four times during the MC. Throughout the MC, ACL elasticity, FFK, and KFEH fluctuated in non-OCP users, but not in OCP users. At ambient temperature, ACL elasticity was significantly lower and FFK and KFEH were significantly higher in OCP users than non-OCP users (p < 0.05). But, no significant differences in FFK and KFEH between the two groups were found after warming to 38 °C.
European journal of applied physiology.Eur J Appl Physiol.2014 Feb;114(2):285-94. doi: 10.1007/s00421-013-2771-z. Epub 2013 Nov 17.
Eighty-two percent of sexually active women aged 15-44 have used oral contraceptive pills (OCP) in the United States. The OCP, an exogenous source of synthetic forms of steroid hormones, prevents ovulation. Hormone changes during the menstrual cycle (MC) are believed to have an impact on anterior cr
PMID 24240566

Acromio-clavicular repair using two different techniques.

Andreani L, Bonicoli E, Parchi P, Piolanti N, Michele L.Author information Orthopedics and Tramatology I Department, University of Pisa, via Paradisa 2, 56121, Pisa, Italy, l.andreani@hotmail.it.AbstractAcromio-clavicular joint (ACJ) injuries represent nearly half of all athletic shoulder injuries. Stability of this joint depends on the integrity of the acromio-clavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. Although the traumatic acromioclavicular joint separation is a well-known topic, there are different classifications, diagnostic procedures, concepts of intervention, and a great variety of implants. In this paper, we present an overview of the recent literature about this issue and the results of a retrospective non-randomized study with 2 different techniques. At the first Orthopedic Department of University of Pisa, a retrospective study was performed starting from January 2007 to February 2011 in our electronic database. We selected patient treated with two different techniques (tight-rope(®) system and hook plate) by the same senior surgeon with experience in shoulder surgery. The mean Costant score was 90 for the tight-rope(®) system group and 75 for the hook plate group. At the final follow-up, most of the patients had returned to their preinjury level of activity. Two patients had a breakage of the fixating system. The above-mentioned techniques provided satisfactory results with no loss of reduction except in two cases. The use of the hook plate is useful in fracture-dislocation of ACJ, but this requires another surgery to remove it. On the contrary, the use of the tight-rope(®) system does not require a new surgery or use of expensive synthetic graft or a graft harvested from a distant donor site.
European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopédie traumatologie.Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol.2014 Feb;24(2):237-42. doi: 10.1007/s00590-013-1186-1. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
Acromio-clavicular joint (ACJ) injuries represent nearly half of all athletic shoulder injuries. Stability of this joint depends on the integrity of the acromio-clavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. Although the traumatic acromioclavicular joint separation is a well-known topic, there are diffe
PMID 23412327