WordNet

either of two bean-shaped excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine; "urine passes out of the kidney through ureters to the bladder"

PrepTutorEJDIC

腎臓;(食品としての)羊(豚など)の腎臓 / 《文》気質,性質,たち(nature)
『ひとりぼっちの』 / 孤独な,一人でする / 人の訪れのまれな,人里離れた / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》《通例否定・疑問文で》たった一つの,唯一の(single) / 〈C〉独居者,隠者 / 〈U〉《話》=solitary confinement

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1. 先天性腎尿路異常（CAKUT）の概要 overview of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract cakut
2. 腎無形成の出生前診断 prenatal diagnosis of renal agenesis
3. 腎細胞癌の根治的外科的マネージメント definitive surgical management of renal cell carcinoma
4. 先天性腎尿路異常（CAKUT）の評価 evaluation of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract cakut
5. 小児における慢性腎臓病の臨床症状および評価 clinical presentation and evaluation of chronic kidney disease in children

Germline PTEN Mutation Cowden Syndrome: An Underappreciated Form of Hereditary Kidney Cancer.

Shuch B, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Komiya T, Middelton LA, Kauffman EC, Merino MJ, Metwalli AR, Dennis P, Linehan WM.SourceUrologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
The Journal of urology.J Urol.2013 Dec;190(6):1990-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.06.012. Epub 2013 Jun 11.
PURPOSE: Cowden syndrome is a hereditary cancer syndrome associated with a germline mutation in PTEN. Patients are predisposed to multiple malignancies including renal cell carcinoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with Cowden syndrome were evaluated as part of a clinical protocol. Those with a hist
PMID 23764071

Schilperoort JV, de Wall LL, van der Horst HJ, van Wijk JA, Verbeke JI, Bokenkamp A.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Centre, PO box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, jaapschilperoort@hotmail.com.
European journal of pediatrics.Eur J Pediatr.2013 Nov 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Renal involvement is regularly encountered in neonates with invasive candidiasis, especially when risk factors like congenital malformations of the renal tract or poor bladder emptying and preterm birth are present. However, complete obstruction of the renal collecting system by fungal balls is rare
PMID 24213483

Spinal Anesthesia Is an Efficient and Safe Anesthetic Method for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Cicek T, Gonulalan U, Dogan R, Kosan M, Istanbulluoglu O, Gonen M, Ozturk B, Ozkardes H.SourceDepartment of Urology, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
Urology.Urology.2013 Nov 6. pii: S0090-4295(13)01198-9. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.08.064. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of spinal anesthesia (SA) vs general anesthesia (GA) administration on the safety and efficiency of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 1478 patients who underwent PCNL in our clinic between 2004 and 2011. We excluded the pat
PMID 24210569