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the sheath of connective tissue that covers a bundle of nerve fibers

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/25 11:13:42」(JST)

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In the peripheral nervous system, nerve fibers are each wrapped in a protective sheath known as the endoneurium. These are bundled together into groups known as fascicles, each surrounded by a protective sheath known as the perineurium.^[1] Several fascicles may be in turn bundled together with a blood supply and fatty tissue within yet another sheath, the epineurium. This grouping structure is analogous to the muscular organization system of epimysium, perimysium and endomysium.

The perineurium is composed of connective tissue, which has a distinctly lamellar arrangement consisting of roughly 7-8 concentric layers. The perineurium is cellular, and is composed of perineurial cells, which are epithelioid myofibroblasts. Perineurial cells are sometimes referred to as myoepithelioid due to their epithelioid and myofibroblastoid properties including tight junctions, gap junctions, external laminae and contractility.

The perineurium is a smooth, transparent tubular membrane which may be easily separated from the fibers it encloses. In contrast, the epineurium is a tough and mechanically resistant tissue which is not easily penetrated by a needle.

References

^ McCracken, Thomas (1999). New Atlas of Human Anatomy. China: Metro Books. pp. 96–97. ISBN 1-5866-3097-0.

External links

Histology image: 1_03 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center - "Peripheral nerve"
Anatomy photo: nervous/pns/nerve1/nerve2 - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis - "PNS, nerve (LM, Low)"
Histology image: 21401loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University
Diagram at Howard
Histology at ucla.edu

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English Journal

More a finger than a nose: The trigeminal motor and sensory innervation of the Schnauzenorgan in the elephant-nose Fish Gnathonemus petersii.

Amey-Özel M1, von der Emde G, Engelmann J, Grant K.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2015 Apr 1;523(5):769-89. doi: 10.1002/cne.23710. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
The weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii uses its electric sense to actively probe the environment. Its highly mobile chin appendage, the Schnauzenorgan, is rich in electroreceptors. Physical measurements have demonstrated the importance of the position of the Schnauzenorgan in funneling the fi
PMID 25388854

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy improves nerve regeneration in a model of obstetric brachial plexus palsy.

Hillenbrand M, Holzbach T, Matiasek K, Schlegel J, Giunta RE.
Neurological research.Neurol Res.2015 Mar;37(3):197-203. doi: 10.1179/1743132814Y.0000000441. Epub 2014 Sep 12.
The treatment of obstetric brachial plexus palsy has been limited to conservative therapies and surgical reconstruction of peripheral nerves. In addition to the damage of the brachial plexus itself, it also leads to a loss of the corresponding motoneurons in the spinal cord, which raises the need fo
PMID 25213596

[Analysis of the clinical, electrophysiological and genetic features of a family affected with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies.]

Qi F1, Che F.
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics.Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi.2015 Feb 10;32(1):31-35.
OBJECTIVE To delineate the clinical, electrophysiological and genetics features of a family where 4 members were affected with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP). METHODS Clinical features of the 4 patients were summarized. Electrophysiological examination and genetic an
PMID 25636095

Japanese Journal

Intracerebral Hematoma Extends via Perivascular Spaces and Perineurium

YIN Jia,LU Tian-Ming,QIU Guang,HUANG Rui-Yu,FANG Min,WANG Yuan-Yuan,XIAO Duan,LIU Xiao-Jia
Tohoku journal of experimental medicine 230(3), 133-139, 2013-07-01
NAID 10031189108

The nerves to the plantaris muscle and a bipennate part of the soleus muscle

Okamoto Keishi,Wakebe Tetsuaki,Saiki Kazunobu,Tsurumoto Toshiyuki
Anatomical Science International 88(1), 17-24, 2013-01
… By removing the perineurium of the nerves concerned, it became clear that the elements of the nerve to the plantaris muscle, and of the nerve to the bipennate part of the soleus, had an intimate relation (inseparable). …
NAID 120005230615

Intracerebral Hematoma Extends via Perivascular Spaces and Perineurium

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The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 230(3), 133-139, 2013
… In fact, hematoma can extend via perivascular spaces (also called Virchow–Robin spaces, VRS) and perineurium in an animal model of ICH. … MRI with SWI revealed that paramagnetic substances spread along the VRS or the perineurium. … These results indicate the perivascular and perineural extensions of hematomas in patients with ICH, which is formed by the leakage of the original hematoma via the VRS or perineurium. …
NAID 130004460072

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「神経周膜」「perineurial」

「神経周膜」

Perineurium
	Transverse section of human tibial nerve. (Perineurium labeled at upper right.)
	Nerve structure
Identifiers
Gray's	p.728
MeSH	A08.800.800
Dorlands; /Elsevier	12627709
TA	A14.2.00.015
FMA	52585
	Anatomical terminology