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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/19 12:04:56」(JST)

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Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a derivative of cellulose with both water solubility and organic solubility. It is used as a topical ophthalmic protectant and lubricant.

Chemistry

HPC is an ether of cellulose in which some of the hydroxyl groups in the repeating glucose units have been hydroxypropylated forming -OCH₂CH(OH)CH₃ groups using propylene oxide. The average number of substituted hydroxyl groups per glucose unit is referred to as the degree of substitution (DS). Complete substitution would provide a DS of 3. Because the hydroxypropyl group added contains a hydroxyl group, this can also be etherified during preparation of HPC. When this occurs, the number of moles of hydroxypropyl groups per glucose ring, moles of substitution (MS), can be higher than 3.

Because cellulose is very crystalline, HPC must have an MS about 4 in order to reach a good solubility in water. HPC has a combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, so it has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 45 °C. At temperatures below the LCST, HPC is readily soluble in water; above the LCST, HPC is not soluble.

HPC forms liquid crystals and many mesophases according to its concentration in water. Such mesophases include isotropic, anisotropic, nematic and cholesteric. The last one gives many colors such as violet, green and red.

Uses

Lacrisert, manufactured by Aton Pharma, is a formulation of HPC used for artificial tears. It is used to treat medical conditions characterized by insufficient tear production such as keratoconjunctivitis sicca), recurrent corneal erosions, decreased corneal sensitivity, exposure and neuroparalytic keratitis. HPC is also used as a lubricant for artificial eyes.^[1]^[2]^[3] As a food additive, HPC is used as a thickener, a low level binder and as an emulsion stabiliser with E number E463. In pharmaceuticals it is used as a disintegrant,^[4] and a binder,^[5] in tablets.

HPC is used as a sieving matrix for DNA separations by capillary and microchip electrophoresis.^[6]

HPC is the main ingredient in Cellugel, which is used in book conservation. Cellugel is described as "A safe, penetrating consolidant for leather book covers affected by red rot" and is produced by Preservation Solutions.^[7]

Notes and references

^ Luchs J, Nelinson D, Macy J (December 2010). "Efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose inserts (LACRISERT®) in subsets of patients with dry eye syndrome (DES): Findings from a patient registry". Cornea 29 (12): 1417–1427. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181e3f05b. PMID 20847657.
^ McDonald M, D’Aversa G, Perry D, Wittpenn J, Nelinson D (Oct 2010). "Correlating patient-reported response to Hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert (LACRISERT®) therapy with clinical outcomes: tools for predicting response". Curr Eye Res 35 (10): 880–887. doi:10.3109/02713683.2010.495811. PMID 20858108.
^ Koffler B, McDonald M, Nelinson D (May 2010). "Improvement in clinical signs, symptoms, and QoL associated with DES: Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Ophthalmic Insert Patient Registry". Eye and Contact Lens 36 (3): 170–176. doi:10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181db352f. PMID 20351555.
^ Lachman, Leon; Joseph B. Schwartz (1990). Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms--tablets. p. 177. ISBN 9780824780449.
^ Weiner, Myra L.; Lois A. Kotkoskie (1999). Excipient Toxicity and Safety. p. 8. ISBN 9780824782108.
^ "Sanders, J. C.; Breadmore, M. C.; Kwok, Y. C.; Horsman, K. M.; Landers, J. P., Hydroxypropyl cellulose as an adsorptive coating sieving matrix for DNA separations: artificial neural network optimization for microchip analysis. Anal Chem 2003, 75, (4), 986-94". Cat.inist.fr. Retrieved 2011-11-10.
^ "Cellugel". Conservationresources.com. Retrieved 2011-11-10.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Dry powder nasal drug delivery: challenges, opportunities and a study of the commercial Teijin Puvlizer Rhinocort device and formulation.

Pozzoli M1, Rogueda P2, Zhu B3, Smith T4, Young PM3, Traini D3, Sonvico F1,5.
Drug development and industrial pharmacy.Drug Dev Ind Pharm.2016 Oct;42(10):1660-8. doi: 10.3109/03639045.2016.1160110. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
PURPOSE: To discuss the challenges and opportunities for dry powder nasal medications and to put this in to perspective by evaluating and characterizing the performance of the Teijin beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) dry powder nasal inhaler; providing a baseline for future nasal products developmen
PMID 26953090

Formulation of controlled-release pelubiprofen tablet using Kollidon® SR.

Song SH1, Chae BR2, Sohn SI3, Yeom DW4, Son HY5, Kim JH6, Kim SR7, Lee SG8, Choi YW9.
International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2016 Aug 1;511(2):864-875. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.074. [Epub ahead of print]
To develop a matrix-type, controlled-release tablet formulation of pelubiprofen (PLB), a recently developed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, polymeric excipients including hypromellose, hydroxypropylcellulose, Eudragit® RS PO, and Kollidon® SR were screened. A formulation containing 12.4% w/w
PMID 27492018

Nanocrystals for dermal penetration enhancement - Effect of concentration and underlying mechanisms using curcumin as model.

Vidlářová L1, Romero GB2, Hanuš J3, Štěpánek F4, Müller RH5.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V.Eur J Pharm Biopharm.2016 Jul;104:216-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.05.004. Epub 2016 May 7.
Nanocrystals have received considerable attention in dermal application due to their ability to enhance delivery to the skin and overcome bioavailability issues caused by poor water and oil drug solubility. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nanocrystals on the mechanism of
PMID 27163241

Japanese Journal

HPCゲルの刺激応答性

前橋工科大学研究紀要 = Bulletin of Maebashi Institute of Technology (20), 1-4, 2017-03
NAID 40021287717

ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースへの置換基の導入による液晶材料化<br/>—熱的性質および配向挙動—

高分子論文集 73(4), 361-365, 2016
NAID 130005165604

ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースへの置換基の導入による液晶材料化<br/>—熱的性質および配向挙動—

高分子論文集 advpub(0), 2016
NAID 130005152052

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース」

「ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース」

Hydroxypropyl cellulose
Names
	Other names Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether; oxypropylated cellulose; E463; hyprolose
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	9004-64-2
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201471
ChemSpider
DrugBank	DB00840
Properties
Chemical formula	variable
Molar mass	variable
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is: /?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: hydroxypropylcellulose

[1] Luchs J, Nelinson D, Macy J (December 2010). "Efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose inserts (LACRISERT®) in subsets of patients with dry eye syndrome (DES): Findings from a patient registry". Cornea 29 (12): 1417–1427. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181e3f05b. PMID 20847657.

[2] McDonald M, D’Aversa G, Perry D, Wittpenn J, Nelinson D (Oct 2010). "Correlating patient-reported response to Hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert (LACRISERT®) therapy with clinical outcomes: tools for predicting response". Curr Eye Res 35 (10): 880–887. doi:10.3109/02713683.2010.495811. PMID 20858108.

[3] Koffler B, McDonald M, Nelinson D (May 2010). "Improvement in clinical signs, symptoms, and QoL associated with DES: Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Ophthalmic Insert Patient Registry". Eye and Contact Lens 36 (3): 170–176. doi:10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181db352f. PMID 20351555.

[4] Lachman, Leon; Joseph B. Schwartz (1990). Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms--tablets. p. 177. ISBN 9780824780449.

[5] Weiner, Myra L.; Lois A. Kotkoskie (1999). Excipient Toxicity and Safety. p. 8. ISBN 9780824782108.

[6] "Sanders, J. C.; Breadmore, M. C.; Kwok, Y. C.; Horsman, K. M.; Landers, J. P., Hydroxypropyl cellulose as an adsorptive coating sieving matrix for DNA separations: artificial neural network optimization for microchip analysis. Anal Chem 2003, 75, (4), 986-94". Cat.inist.fr. Retrieved 2011-11-10.

[7] "Cellugel". Conservationresources.com. Retrieved 2011-11-10.

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案内

hydroxypropylcellulose