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English Journal
- Acidic pH Strongly Enhances In Vitro Biofilm Formation by a Subset of Hypervirulent ST-17 Streptococcus agalactiae Strains.
- D'Urzo N1, Martinelli M, Pezzicoli A, De Cesare V, Pinto V, Margarit I, Telford JL, Maione D; Members of the DEVANI Study Group.Author information 1Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy.AbstractStreptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a primary colonizer of the anogenital mucosa of up to 40% of healthy women and an important cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. Among the 10 known capsular serotypes, GBS type III accounts for 30 to 76% of the cases of neonatal meningitis. In recent years, the ability of GBS to form biofilm attracted attention for its possible role in fitness and virulence. Here, a new in vitro biofilm formation protocol was developed to guarantee more stringent conditions, to better discriminate between strong-, low-, and non-biofilm-forming strains, and to facilitate interpretation of data. This protocol was used to screen the biofilm-forming abilities of 366 GBS clinical isolates from pregnant women and from neonatal infections of different serotypes in relation to medium composition and pH. The results identified a subset of isolates of serotypes III and V that formed strong biofilms under acidic conditions. Importantly, the best biofilm formers belonged to serotype III hypervirulent clone ST-17. Moreover, the abilities of proteinase K to strongly inhibit biofilm formation and to disaggregate mature biofilms suggested that proteins play an essential role in promoting GBS biofilm initiation and contribute to biofilm structural stability.
- Applied and environmental microbiology.Appl Environ Microbiol.2014 Apr;80(7):2176-85. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03627-13. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
- Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a primary colonizer of the anogenital mucosa of up to 40% of healthy women and an important cause of invasive neonatal infections worldwide. Among the 10 known capsular serotypes, GBS type III accounts for 30 to 76% of the cases
- PMID 24487536
- Tough choices in tough times: debt and medication nonadherence.
- Kalousova L1, Burgard SA.Author information 11University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.AbstractDebt is a ubiquitous component of households' financial portfolios. Yet we have scant understanding of how household debt constrains spending on needed health care. Diverse types of debt have different financial properties and recent work has shown that they may have varying implications for spending on needed health care. In this article, we explore the associations between indebtedness and medication nonadherence. First, we consider overall debt levels and then we disaggregate debt into types. We use a population-based sample of 434 residents of southeast Michigan who had been prescribed medications, collected in 2009-2010, the wake of the Great Recession. We find no association between medication nonadherence and total indebtedness. However, when we assess each type of debt separately, we find that having medical or credit card debt is positively associated with medication nonadherence, even net of household income, net worth, and other characteristics. Furthermore, patients with greater amounts of medical or credit card debt are more likely to be nonadherent than those with less. Our results suggest that credit card debt and medical debt may have serious implications for the relative affordability of prescription medications. These associations have been overlooked in past research and deserve further examination.
- Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education.Health Educ Behav.2014 Apr;41(2):155-63. doi: 10.1177/1090198113493093. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
- Debt is a ubiquitous component of households' financial portfolios. Yet we have scant understanding of how household debt constrains spending on needed health care. Diverse types of debt have different financial properties and recent work has shown that they may have varying implications for spendin
- PMID 23855019
- Comprehensive analysis of single- and multi-vehicle large truck at-fault crashes on rural and urban roadways in Alabama.
- Islam S1, Jones SL2, Dye D3.Author information 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of South Alabama, 150 Jaguar Drive, Shelby Hall, Suite 3142, Mobile, AL 36688, United States. Electronic address: sislam@southalabama.edu.2Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Box 870205, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States. Electronic address: sjones@eng.ua.edu.3Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Box 870205, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States. Electronic address: dctdye@gmail.com.AbstractThe research described in this paper analyzed injury severities at a disaggregate level for single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle (MV) large truck at-fault accidents for rural and urban locations in Alabama. Given the occurrence of a crash, four separate random parameter logit models of injury severity (with possible outcomes of major, minor, and possible or no injury) were estimated. The models identified different sets of factors that can lead to effective policy decisions aimed at reducing large truck-at-fault accidents for respective locations. The results of the study clearly indicated that there are differences between the influences of a variety of variables on the injury severities resulting from urban vs. rural SV and MV large truck at-fault accidents. The results showed that some variables were significant only in one type of accident model (SV or MV) but not in the other accident model. Again, some variables were found to be significant in one location (rural or urban) but not in other locations. The study also identified important factors that significantly impact the injury severity resulting from SV and MV large truck at-fault accidents in urban and rural locations based on the estimated values of average direct pseudo-elasticity. A careful study of the results of this study will help policy makers and transportation agencies identify location specific recommendations to increase safety awareness related to large truck involved accidents and to improve overall highway safety.
- Accident; analysis and prevention.Accid Anal Prev.2014 Mar 22;67C:148-158. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.02.014. [Epub ahead of print]
- The research described in this paper analyzed injury severities at a disaggregate level for single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle (MV) large truck at-fault accidents for rural and urban locations in Alabama. Given the occurrence of a crash, four separate random parameter logit models of injury sever
- PMID 24667236
Japanese Journal
- Area-to-point parameter estimation with geographically weighted regression
- スケールアップにより多種多様なコンピューティングを実現するResource Disaggregated Platform (ICTシステムを担うこれからのクラウド基盤特集) -- (NEC C&Cクラウド基盤の将来技術)
- CPU/IO分離アーキテクチャの特性を活かしたミドルウェアの検討(メモリシステム・アーキテクチャー,並列/分散/協調とディペンダブルコンピューティング及び一般)
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