伝染性膿胞性皮膚炎ウイルス

関: orf virus

WordNet

a harmful or corrupting agency; "bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread"; "the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone"
(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer; "a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance" (同)computer virus
easily diffused or spread as from one person to another; "a contagious grin"
inflammation of the skin; skin becomes itchy and may develop blisters

PrepTutorEJDIC

ビールス,ろ過性病原体
(病気が)接触伝染性の / 《補語にのみ用いて》(人が)伝染病の原因になる,伝染病を広げる / すぐ広がる,移りやすい
皮膚炎

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/01 21:12:42」(JST)

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Orf is an exanthemous disease caused by a parapox virus and occurring primarily in sheep and goats. It is also known as contagious pustular dermatitis, infectious labial dermatitis, ecthyma contagiosum, thistle disease^[1] and scabby mouth. Orf virus is zoonotic - it can also infect humans.^[1]

Humans

Orf is a zoonotic disease, meaning humans can contract this disorder through direct contact with infected sheep and goats or with fomites carrying the orf virus. It causes a purulent-appearing papule locally and generally no systemic symptoms. Infected locations can include the finger, hand, arm, face and even the penis (either caused by infection from the hand during urination and/or bestiality). Consequently it is important to observe good personal hygiene and to wear gloves when treating infected animals.^[1] The papule may persist for 7 to 10 weeks and spontaneously resolves. It is an uncommon condition and may be difficult to diagnose. There have been no reported cases of human to human contraction.

While orf is usually a benign self-limiting illness, it can be very progressive and even life-threatening in the immune-compromised host. One percent topical cidofovir has been successfully used in a few patients with progressive disease. Serious damage may be inflicted on the eye if it is infected by orf, even among healthy individuals. The virus can survive in the soil for at least six months.^[2]

Other animals

Primarily, orf is a disease of sheep and goats although it has been reported as a natural disease in the following: humans, steenbok and alpacas, chamois and thar, reindeer, musk ox, the dog, the cat, the mountain goat, bighorn sheep, dall sheep, and the red squirrel .^[2]

Sheep and goats

A sheep with orf infection on nose and lips

It has been recorded since the late 19th century and has been reported from most sheep-or goat-raising areas including those in Europe, the Middle East, the United States, Africa, Asia, Alaska, South America, Canada, New Zealand and Australia.^[2] Orf is spread by fomites and direct contact. In some environments infection is injected by scratches from thistles^[1] of both growing and felled plants. Symptoms include papules and pustules on the lips and muzzle, and less commonly in the mouth of young lambs and on the eyelids, feet, and teats of ewes. The lesions progress to thick crusts which may bleed. Orf in the mouths of lambs may prevent suckling and cause weight loss, and can infect the udder of the mother ewe, thus potentially leading to mastitis.^[1] Sheep are prone to reinfection.^[3] Occasionally the infection can be extensive and persistent if the animal does not produce an immune response.^[1]

A live virus vaccine (ATCvet code: QI04AD01) is made from scab material and usually given to ewes at the age of two months, but only to lambs when there is an outbreak.^[4] The vaccine can cause disease in humans.

In sheep and goats the lesions mostly appear on or near the hairline and elsewhere on the lips and muzzle. In some cases the lesions appear on and in the nostrils, around the eyes, on the thigh, coronet, vulva, udder and axilla. In rare cases, mostly involving young lambs, lesions are found on the tongue, gums, roof of the mouth and the oesophagus. It has also been reported a number of times to cause lesions in the rumen. In one case it was shown that a severe form of orf virus caused an outbreak involving the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart, as well as the buccal cavity, cheeks, tongue and lips. Another severe case was reported pharyngitis, genital lesions and infection of the hooves which led to lameness and, in some cases, sloughing of the hoof.^[2]

More typically sheep will become free of orf within a week or so as the disease runs its course. Sheep custodians can assist by applying antibiotic sprays on to large scabs, ensuring infected lambs receive sufficient milk and separating out the infected stock to slow down cross-transmission to healthy animals. It is advisable for those handling infected animals to wear disposable gloves to prevent cross-infection and self-infection. Vets need to be contacted if there is a risk of misdiagnosis with other, more serious conditions.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Winter, Agnes; Charmley, Judith (1999). The Sheep Keeper's Veterinary Handbook. Crowood Press Ltd (Marlborough, UK). ISBN 1-86126-235-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Couch, Alan John; (1983). "The Development of, and Host Response to, Ovine Contagious Pustular Dermatitis". A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science of the University of New England, Armidale, N.S.W., in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
^ Fenner, Frank J.; Gibbs, E. Paul J.; Murphy, Frederick A.; Rott, Rudolph; Studdert, Michael J.; White, David O. (1993). Veterinary Virology (2nd ed.). Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 0-12-253056-X.
^ Carter, G.R.; Wise, D.J. (2006). "Poxviridae". A Concise Review of Veterinary Virology. Retrieved 2006-06-13.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orf (animal disease).

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in mussels (Mytilus galloprovinciallis), Spain.

Mesquita JR1, Oliveira D2, Rivadulla E3, Abreu-Silva J2, Varela MF3, Romalde JL4, Nascimento MS5.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2016 Sep;58:13-5. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.03.009. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
Coastal waters can become contaminated with both human waste from sewage treatment plants and runoff following manure application. Thus, shellfish produced close to land can bioaccumulate enteric viruses of human and animal origin, including zoonotic hepatitis E virus that infect both human and swin
PMID 27217353

Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for rapid identification of eastern and western strains of bluetongue virus in India.

Maan S1, Maan NS2, Batra K3, Kumar A3, Gupta A3, Rao PP4, Hemadri D5, Reddy YN6, Guimera M7, Belaganahalli MN7, Mertens PP7.
Journal of virological methods.J Virol Methods.2016 Aug;234:65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.04.002. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) infects all ruminants, including cattle, goats and camelids, causing bluetongue disease (BT) that is often severe in naïve deer and sheep. Reverse-transcription-loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification (RT-LAMP) assays were developed to detect eastern or western topotype of BTV
PMID 27054888

Immune gene expression in swine macrophages expressing the Torque Teno Sus Virus1 (TTSuV1) ORF-1 and 2 proteins.

Singh P1, Ramamoorthy S2.
Virus research.Virus Res.2016 Jul 15;220:33-8. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.04.004. Epub 2016 Apr 5.
Torque Teno viruses (TTVs) are small DNA viruses which are ubiquitous in nature. Recent reports indicate that swine torque teno viruses (TTSuVs) can act as primary pathogens or play a role in exacerbating co-infections. However, very little is known about the TTSuV host-viral interaction or how they
PMID 27059616

Japanese Journal

Spatial and Temporal Genetic Homogeneity of Orf Viruses Infecting Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus)

INOSHIMA Yasuo,ITO Mika,ISHIGURO Naotaka
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 72(6), 701-707, 2010
… Nucleotide sequences of genes for the viral envelope, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and virus interferon resistance (VIR) were determined in two ORFVs isolated from recent outbreaks and in eight from earlier outbreaks. …
NAID 130000168015

Viral and bacterial diseases in livestock in Mongolia

ODONTSETSEG Namsraijav,MWEENE Aaron S.,KIDA Hiroshi
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research 52(4), 151-162, 2005-02-28
… Foot-and-mouth disease continues to cause substantial economic losses as exemplified by the outbreak of infection with serotype O PanAsia lineage virus. … Other prevailing infectious diseases are contagious pustular dermatitis, contagious agalactia, enterotoxemia and pasteurellosis. …
NAID 110004665686

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「オーフウイルス」「伝染性膿胞性皮膚炎ウイルス」
関連記事	「contagious」「virus」

「オーフウイルス」

Orf virus
Virus classification
Group:	Group I (dsDNA)
Family:	Poxviridae
Genus:	Parapoxvirus
Species:	Orf virus

Orf (disease)
	Classification and external resources
	A thumb with two denuded orf lesions, following a bite by a sheep
ICD-10	B08.0 (ILDS B08.040)
ICD-9	051.2
DiseasesDB	9262
eMedicine	article/1133450
MeSH	D004474

　　[★]

英: Orf virus
関: 伝染性膿胞性皮膚炎ウイルス contagious pustular dermatitis virus

伝染性膿胞性皮膚炎の原因ウイルス

「伝染性膿胞性皮膚炎ウイルス」

　　[★]

英: contagious pustular dermatitis virus
関: オーフウイルス

「contagious」

　　[★]

adj.

伝染性の

伝染性の、感染性の

関: communicability、communicable、epidemic、infectiosity、infectious、infectiousness、infective、infectivity、transmissibility、transmissible

「virus」

　　[★] ウイルス

[Winter_Charnley-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Winter, Agnes; Charmley, Judith (1999). The Sheep Keeper's Veterinary Handbook. Crowood Press Ltd (Marlborough, UK). ISBN 1-86126-235-3.

[Couch-2] Couch, Alan John; (1983). "The Development of, and Host Response to, Ovine Contagious Pustular Dermatitis". A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science of the University of New England, Armidale, N.S.W., in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours. Retrieved 2008-08-22.

[Fenner_1993-3] Fenner, Frank J.; Gibbs, E. Paul J.; Murphy, Frederick A.; Rott, Rudolph; Studdert, Michael J.; White, David O. (1993). Veterinary Virology (2nd ed.). Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 0-12-253056-X.

[Carter-4] Carter, G.R.; Wise, D.J. (2006). "Poxviridae". A Concise Review of Veterinary Virology. Retrieved 2006-06-13.

匿名

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案内

案内

contagious pustular dermatitis virus