コレステロール酸化酵素、コレステロールオキシダーゼ

WordNet

an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues (同)cholesterin
any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation

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コレステロール(胆汁・血液・神経組織などの脂肪性成分)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/20 21:44:14」(JST)

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In enzymology, a cholesterol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

cholesterol + O₂ cholest-4-en-3-one + H₂O₂

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cholesterol and O₂, whereas its two products are cholest-4-en-3-one and H₂O₂.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cholesterol:oxygen oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include cholesterol- O2 oxidoreductase, 3beta-hydroxy steroid oxidoreductase, and 3beta-hydroxysteroid:oxygen oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis.

The substrate-binding domain found in some bacterial cholesterol oxidases is composed of an eight-stranded mixed beta-pleated sheet and six alpha-helices. This domain is positioned over the isoalloxazine ring system of the FAD cofactor bound by the FAD-binding domain and forms the roof of the active site cavity, allowing for catalysis of oxidation and isomerisation of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one.^[1]

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 14 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1B4V, 1B8S, 1CBO, 1CC2, 1COY, 1I19, 1IJH, 1MXT, 1N1P, 1N4U, 1N4V, 1N4W, 2GEW, and 3COX.

References

^ Coulombe R, Yue KQ, Ghisla S, Vrielink A (August 2001). "Oxygen access to the active site of cholesterol oxidase through a narrow channel is gated by an Arg-Glu pair". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (32): 30435–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104103200. PMID 11397813.

UpToDate Contents

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1. HDLコレステロール：異常値の臨床的側面 hdl cholesterol clinical aspects of abnormal values
2. 二次予防における脂質（高コレステロール血症を含む）の治療 treatment of lipids including hypercholesterolemia in secondary prevention
3. LDLコレステロール代謝の遺伝性疾患 inherited disorders of ldl cholesterol metabolism
4. リポ蛋白の分類、代謝、およびアテローム性動脈硬化症における役割 lipoprotein classification metabolism and role in atherosclerosis
5. 心血管疾患の二次予防における脂質低下療法の強度 intensity of lipid lowering therapy in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease

English Journal

Biosensor based on glucose oxidase-nanoporous gold co-catalysis for glucose detection.

Wu C1, Sun H1, Li Y1, Liu X1, Du X1, Wang X2, Xu P1.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2015 Apr 15;66:350-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.11.037. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
Promoting the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose is crucial in glucose biosensor design. In this study, nanoporous gold (NPG) was selected for glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilization and glucose biosensor fabrication because of its open, highly conductive, biocompatible, and interconnected porous st
PMID 25463642

Vascular injury in diabetic db/db mice is ameliorated by atorvastatin: role of Rac1/2-sensitive Nox-dependent pathways.

Bruder-Nascimento T1, Callera GE2, Montezano AC3, He Y2, Antunes TT2, Cat AN3, Tostes RC1, Touyz RM2.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2015 Apr;128(7):411-23. doi: 10.1042/CS20140456.
Oxidative stress [increased bioavailability of reactive oxygen species (ROS)] plays a role in the endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, which underlie vascular damage in diabetes. Statins are cholesterol-lowering drugs that are vasoprotective in diabetes through unknown mechanisms. We t
PMID 25358739

Complementary probes reveal that phosphatidylserine is required for the proper transbilayer distribution of cholesterol.

Maekawa M, Fairn GD.
Journal of cell science.J Cell Sci.2015 Feb 6. pii: jcs.164715. [Epub ahead of print]
Cholesterol is an essential component of metazoan cellular membranes and helps to maintain the structural integrity and fluidity of the plasma membrane. Here, we developed a cholesterol biosensor, termed D4H, based on the fourth domain of Clostridium perfringens theta-toxin, which recognizes cholest
PMID 25663704

Japanese Journal

Cholesterol oxidase with high catalytic activity from Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Screening, molecular genetic analysis, expression and characterization

Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 120(1), 24-30, 2015-07
NAID 40020537941

Cholesterol oxidase with high catalytic activity from Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Screening, molecular genetic analysis, expression and characterization(ENZYMOLOGY, PROTEIN ENGINEERING, AND ENZYME TECHNOLOGY)

Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 120(1), 24-30, 2015-07
NAID 110009973280

ミセル電解法で作成したフラビン酸素電極の直接電子移動

材料技術 = Material technology 32(5), 129-136, 2014-09
NAID 40020328367

「コレステロール酸化酵素」

Cholesterol oxidase substrate-binding domain
	crystal structure of cholesterol oxidase from b.sterolicum
Identifiers
Symbol	Chol_subst-bind
Pfam	PF09129
Pfam clan	CL0277
InterPro	IPR015213
SCOP	1i19
SUPERFAMILY	1i19
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

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PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

cholesterol oxidase
Identifiers
EC number	1.1.3.6
CAS number	9028-76-6
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search
PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins