生体アミン

WordNet

produced by living organisms or biological processes; "fermentation is a biogenic process"
essential for maintaining the fundamental life processes; "sleep and food and water are among the biogenic needs of the organism"
a compound derived from ammonia by replacing hydrogen atoms by univalent hydrocarbon radicals (同)aminoalkane

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/21 07:47:46」(JST)

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A biogenic amine is a biogenic substance with one or more amine groups.

Examples[edit]

Some prominent examples of biogenic amines include:

Histamine - a substance derived from the amino acid histidine that acts as a neurotransmitter mediating arousal and attention, as well as a pro-inflammatory signal released from mast cells in response to allergic reactions or tissue damage. Histamine is also an important stimulant of HCl secretion by the stomach through histamine H₂ receptors.
Serotonin - a central nervous system neurotransmitter derived from the amino acid tryptophan involved in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and sexuality.
The three catecholamine neurotransmitters:
- Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) - a neurotransmitter involved in sleep and wakefulness, attention, and feeding behavior, as well as a stress hormone released by the adrenal glands that regulates the sympathetic nervous system.
- Epinephrine (adrenaline) - an adrenal stress hormone, as well as a neurotransmitter present at lower levels in the brain.
- Dopamine - a neurotransmitter involved in motivation, reward, addiction, behavioral reinforcement, and coordination of bodily movement.
The trace amines:
- 3-Iodothyronamine - a metabolite of the thyroid hormones, and has been hypothesized to be the primary endogenous ligand for the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1).
- Tryptamine - a monoamine alkaloid found in trace amounts in the brains of mammals, and believed to play a role as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter.
- Tyramine - a substance that is found in many common foods, and is associated with increased blood pressure and headaches.
- As well as others such as dimethyltryptamine (DMT), phenethylamine, and octopamine and the meta-substituted positional isomers of octopamine and tyramine.

Physiological importance[edit]

There is a distinction between endogenous and exogenous biogenic amines. Endogenous amines are produced in many different tissues (for example: adrenaline in adrenal medulla or histamine in mast cells and liver). The amines are transmitted locally or via the blood system. The exogenous amines are directly absorbed from food in the intestine. Alcohol can increase the absorption rate. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) breaks down biogenic amines and prevents excessive resorption. MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) are also used as medications for the treatment of depression to prevent MAO from breaking down amines important for positive mood.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

The Biogenic Amines - Neuroscience 2nd edition, Dale Purves et al.

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English Journal

A survey of biogenic amines in vinegars.

Ordóñez JL, Callejón RM, Morales ML, García-Parrilla MC.SourceÁrea de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ P. García González n°2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 1;141(3):2713-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.087. Epub 2013 May 31.
This paper reports the determination of biogenic amines by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence detection after derivatization with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) in balsamic, apple, and red, white, and Sherry wine vinegars. A solid-phase extraction (
PMID 23871015

Increased flavour diversity of Chardonnay wines by spontaneous fermentation and co-fermentation with Hanseniaspora vineae.

Medina K, Boido E, Fariña L, Gioia O, Gomez ME, Barquet M, Gaggero C, Dellacassa E, Carrau F.SourceEnology Section, Food Science and Technology Department, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 1;141(3):2513-21. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.056. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Discovery, characterisation and use of novel yeast strains for winemaking is increasingly regarded as a way for improving quality and to provide variation, including subtle characteristic differences in fine wines. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of a native apiculate strain, sele
PMID 23870989

Biodiversity and safety aspects of yeast strains characterized from vineyards and spontaneous fermentations in the Apulia Region, Italy.

Tristezza M, Vetrano C, Bleve G, Spano G, Capozzi V, Logrieco A, Mita G, Grieco F.SourceC.N.R. - Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Operative Unit of Lecce, via Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: marianatristezza@gmail.com.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2013 Dec;36(2):335-42. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
This work is the first large-scale study on vineyard-associated yeast strains from Apulia (Southern Italy). Yeasts were identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) ribotyping and bioinformatic analysis. The polymorphism of interdelta elements was used to differentiate Saccharomyces cerevisiae st
PMID 24010615

Japanese Journal

Measuring stress by biogenic amine analysis using LC/MS with a subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki

Hirata Kazuhiro
Sustainable humanosphere : bulletin of Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University 10, 39-39, 2014-10-20
NAID 120005575196

Induction of Associative Olfactory Memory by Targeted Activation of Single Olfactory Neurons in Drosophila Larvae

Honda Takato,Lee Chi-Yu,Yoshida-Kasikawa Maki,Honjo Ken,Furukubo-Tokunaga Katsuo
Scientific reports 4, 4798, 2014-04
… However, whether associative memory can be induced by the activation of only the olfactory CS and a biogenic amine-mediated US pathways remains to be elucidated. …
NAID 120005468100