WordNet

to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; "let her be"
work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; "He is a herpetologist"; "She is our resident philosopher" (同)follow
have life, be alive; "Our great leader is no more"; "My grandfather lived until the end of war" (同)live
be identical to; be someone or something; "The president of the company is John Smith"; "This is my house"
happen, occur, take place; "I lost my wallet; this was during the visit to my parents house"; "There were two hundred people at his funeral"; "There was a lot of noise in the kitchen"
have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; "Where is my umbrella?" "The toolshed is in the back"; "What is behind this behavior?"
spend or use time; "I may be an hour"
stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse" (同)wager, play
the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet" (同)wager
maintain with or as if with a bet; "I bet she will be there!" (同)wager
second in order of importance; "the candidate, considered a beta male, was perceived to be unable to lead his party to victory"
the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; "a beta version"; "beta software"
beets (同)genus Beta

PrepTutorEJDIC

《連結語として補語を伴なって…『である』,…だ,…です / 《位置・場所を表す語句を伴って》(…に)『ある』,いる(occupy a place or situation) / 〈物事が〉『存在する』,ある(exist);〈生物が〉生存する,生きている(live) / 行われる,起こる,発生する(take place, occur) / 存続する,そのままでいる(remain as before) / 《『be to』 do》 / …する予定である,…することになっている / …すべきだ / 《受動態の不定詞を伴って》…できる / 《命令》…するのだ / 《条件節に》…する意図がある / 《『if…were to』 do》…するとしたなら / 《『be』 do『ing』》《進行形》 / 《進行中の動作》…している,しつつある / 《近い未来》…しようとしている,するつもり / 《動作の反復》(いつも)…している / 《『be』+『他動詞の過去分詞』》《受動態》…される,されている / 《『be』+『自動詞の過去分詞』》《完了形》…した[状態にある]
『かけ』・(…との)かけ《+『with』+『名』》 / かけた物(金) / かけの対象 / 〈金・物〉'を'『かける』 / (かけ事・ゲームなどで)〈人〉‘と'『かけをする』《+『名』〈人〉+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)『かける』《+『on』(『against』)+『名』(one's do『ing』)》
ベータ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第2文字;B,β;英語のB,b に遭当)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/09 22:59:16」(JST)

wiki en

Beta-synuclein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNCB gene.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The protein encoded by this gene is highly homologous to alpha-synuclein. These proteins are abundantly expressed in the brain and putatively inhibit phospholipase D2 selectively. The encoded protein, which may play a role in neuronal plasticity, is abundant in neurofibrillary lesions of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This protein has been shown to be highly expressed in the substantia nigra of the brain, a region of neuronal degeneration in patients with Parkinson's disease; however, no direct relation to Parkinson's disease has been established. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.^[3]

Beta-synuclein is a synuclein protein found primarily in brain tissue and is seen mainly in presynaptic terminals. Beta-synuclein is predominantly expressed in the neocortex, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum. It is not found in Lewy bodies, but it is associated with hippocampal pathology in PD and DLB.^[4]

Beta-synuclein is suggested to be an inhibitor of alpha-synuclein aggregation, which occurs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Thus, beta-synuclein may protect the central nervous system from the neurotoxic effects of alpha-synuclein and provide a novel treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.^[5]^[6]

References

^ Spillantini MG, Divane A, Goedert M (Nov 1995). "Assignment of human alpha-synuclein (SNCA) and beta-synuclein (SNCB) genes to chromosomes 4q21 and 5q35". Genomics 27 (2): 379–81. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1063. PMID 7558013.
^ Lavedan C, Leroy E, Torres R, Dehejia A, Dutra A, Buchholtz S, Nussbaum RL, Polymeropoulos MH (Jan 1999). "Genomic organization and expression of the human beta-synuclein gene (SNCB)". Genomics 54 (1): 173–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5556. PMID 9806846.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: SNCB synuclein, beta".
^ George, JM (2002). "The synucleins". Genome Biology 3 (1): REVIEWS3002. doi:10.1186/gb-2001-3-1-reviews3002. PMC 150459. PMID 11806835.
^ Hashimoto, M; Bar-On, P; Ho, G; Takenouchi, T; Rockenstein, E; Crews, L; Masliah, E (2004). "Beta-synuclein regulates Akt activity in neuronal cells. A possible mechanism for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 279 (22): 23622–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M313784200. PMID 15026413.
^ Hashimoto, M; Rockenstein, E; Mante, M; Mallory, M; Masliah, E (2001). "beta-Synuclein inhibits alpha-synuclein aggregation: a possible role as an anti-parkinsonian factor". Neuron 32 (2): 213–23. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00462-7. PMID 11683992.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Post-translational modifications in PrP expand the conformational diversity of prions in vivo.

Aguilar-Calvo P1, Xiao X2, Bett C1, Eraña H3, Soldau K1, Castilla J3,4, Nilsson KP5, Surewicz WK2, Sigurdson CJ1,6.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2017 Mar 8;7:43295. doi: 10.1038/srep43295.
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Quantitative neuropathology: an update on automated methodologies and implications for large scale cohorts.

Walker L1, McAleese KE2, Johnson M2, Khundakar AA2, Erskine D2, Thomas AJ2, McKeith IG2, Attems J3.
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Detection, inhibition and disintegration of amyloid fibrils: the role of optical probes and macrocyclic receptors.

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Japanese Journal

Beta-synuclein mutants (V70M, P123H) self-aggregate and stimulate alpha-synuclein aggregation in vitro

Seikagaku 77, 1043, 2005
NAID 80017518157

beta-Synuclein reduces proteasomal inhibition by alpha-synuclein but not gamma-synuclein

J Biol Chem 280, 7562-7569, 2005
NAID 30016366840

Forcing nonamy-loidogenic beta-synuclein to fibrillate

Biochemistry 44, 9096-9107, 2005
NAID 30010901905

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「βシヌクレイン」「β-シヌクレイン」
関連記事	「synuclein」「beta」「be」

「βシヌクレイン」

Synuclein, beta
Identifiers
Symbol	SNCB
External IDs	OMIM: 602569 MGI: 1889011 HomoloGene: 2320 GeneCards: SNCB Gene
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• phospholipase inhibitor activity; • calcium ion binding;
Cellular component	• nucleoplasm; • cytoplasm; • mitochondrion; • Golgi apparatus; • inclusion body; • synapse;
Biological process	• synaptic transmission; • dopamine metabolic process; • negative regulation of catalytic activity; • negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process; • synapse organization;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	v; t; e;