バクテリオクロロフィル、微生物葉緑素

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a substance in photosensitive bacteria that is related to but different from chlorophyll of higher plants

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/10/11 00:15:14」(JST)

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Bacteriochlorophyll a. R is phytyl or geranylgeranyl.

Bacteriochlorophylls are photosynthetic pigments that occur in various phototrophic bacteria. They were discovered by C. B. van Niel in 1932. They are related to chlorophylls, which are the primary pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Groups that contain bacteriochlorophyll conduct photosynthesis, but do not produce oxygen. They use wavelengths of light not absorbed by plants or Cyanobacteria. Different groups contain different types of bacteriochlorophyll:

Pigment	Bacterial group	in vivo infrared absorption maximum (nm)
Bacteriochlorophyll a	Purple bacteria, Heliobacteria, Green Sulfur Bacteria, Chloroflexi, Chloracidobacterium thermophilum^[1]	805, 830-890
Bacteriochlorophyll b	Purple bacteria	835-850, 1020-1040
Bacteriochlorophyll c	Green sulfur bacteria, Chloroflexi, C. thermophilum	745-755
Bacteriochlorophyll c_s	Chloroflexi	740
Bacteriochlorophyll d	Green sulfur bacteria	705-740
Bacteriochlorophyll e	Green sulfur bacteria	719-726
Bacteriochlorophyll f	Green sulfur bacteria (currently found only through mutation; natural may exist)^[2]	700-710
Bacteriochlorophyll g	Heliobacteria	670, 788

Bacteriochlorophylls a, b, and g are bacteriochlorins, meaning their molecules have a bacteriochlorin macrocycle ring with two reduced pyrrole rings (B and D). Bacteriochlorophylls c, d, e, and f are chlorins, meaning their molecules have a chlorin macrocycle ring with one reduced pyrrole ring (D).

Chemical structures comparing porphin, chlorin, bacteriochlorin, and isobacteriochlorin. Note relocation of C=C double bond between the two bacteriochlorin isomers. There are two π electrons (symbolized by π e⁻) for every double bond in the macrocycle.

References

^ Bryant DA, et al. (2007-07-27), "Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum: An Aerobic Phototrophic Acidobacterium", Science, 317 (5837): 523–526, PMID 17656724, doi:10.1126/science.1143236
^ Vogl K, et al. (2012-08-10). "Bacteriochlorophyll f: properties of chlorosomes containing the "forbidden chlorophyll"". Front. Microbiol. 3: article 298, pages 1–12. PMC 3415949 . PMID 22908012. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00298.

English Journal

Characterisation of the LH2 spectral variants produced by the photosynthetic purple sulphur bacterium Allochromatium vinosum.

Carey AM1, Hacking K2, Picken N2, Honkanen S2, Kelly S2, Niedzwiedzki DM3, Blankenship RE4, Shimizu Y5, Wang-Otomo ZY5, Cogdell RJ2.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2014 Aug 8. pii: S0005-2728(14)00560-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.07.022. [Epub ahead of print]
This study systematically investigated the different types of LH2 produced by Allochromatium (Alc.) vinosum, a photosynthetic purple sulphur bacterium, in response to variations in growth conditions. Three different spectral forms of LH2 were isolated and purified, the B800-820, B800-840 and B800-85
PMID 25111749

Roseibium aquae sp. nov., isolated from a saline lake.

Zhong ZP1, Liu Y2, Liu HC2, Wang F3, Zhou YG2, Liu ZP4.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol.2014 Aug;64(Pt 8):2812-8. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.065508-0. Epub 2014 May 27.
A Gram-staining-negative bacterium, strain DSG-S4-2(T), was isolated from Dasugan Lake, a saline lake (salinity 3.1 %, w/v) in Qaidam basin, Qinghai, China and its taxonomic position was determined by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain DSG-S4-2(T) were non-spore-forming rods, 0.5-0.8 µm
PMID 24867169

Youngimonas vesicularis gen. nov., sp. nov., of the family Rhodobacteraceae, isolated from surface seawater, reclassification of Donghicola xiamenensis Tan et al. 2009 as Pseudodonghicola xiamenensis gen. nov., comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Donghicola Yoon et al. 2007.

Hameed A1, Shahina M2, Lin SY2, Nakayan P3, Liu YC2, Lai WA2, Hsu YH2.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol.2014 Aug;64(Pt 8):2729-37. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.060962-0. Epub 2014 May 20.
A Gram-staining-negative, non-pigmented, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterium, devoid of bacteriochlorophyll, designated strain CC-AMW-E(T), was isolated from surface seawater off the coast at Kending, Taiwan. Strain CC-AMW-E(T) shared 95.7 and 93.9 % 16S rRNA gene
PMID 24844264