WordNet

a rise in the temperature of the body; frequently a symptom of infection (同)febrility, febricity, pyrexia, feverishness
intense nervous anticipation; "in a fever of resentment"
highly excited; "a fevered imagination"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉《しばしばa fever》(身体の異常な)『熱』,発熱 / 〈U〉『熱病』 / 〈U〉〈C〉(…に対する)『興奮』,熱狂《+『for』+『名』》
(比較変化なし)《名詞の前にのみ用いて》熱のある,熱病にかかった / 熱にうかされたような,興奮した / (憎しみなどが)異常に強い

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/25 08:46:25」(JST)

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Far East scarlet-like fever or scarlatinoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the gram negative bacillus Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. In Japan it is called Izumi fever.^[1]

History

The first outbreak of this disease was reported from the Pacific coastal areas (Primorsky Krai) of Russia in the 1950s.

Etiology

The cause of this disease is Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype O1. 95% are subtype O1b.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis has been divided into 6 genetic groups: group 1 has only been isolated from the Far East.^[2]

Pathophysiology

The clinical features of this disease appear to be due—at least in part—to the production of a superantigen—YpM (yersina pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen). This is present in almost all strains from the Far East but only 20% of European isolates.^[3] The antigen was discovered in 1993 and is encoded by a 456 base gene. The protein has 151 amino acids with a signal sequence of 20 amino acids. The mitogenic antigens are scattered across the protein but two cysteine residues (residues 32 and 129) which form a disulphide bridge are critical.

The G+C content of this gene is 35%—lower than the genomic average (47%) suggesting that this gene has been acquired from some other organism.^[3] The organism from which this gene originated has not yet been identified. This gene seems likely to have been introduced into the genome by a bacteriophage given the nearby presence of a phage integration site but the mechanism of entry into the genome is not currently known.

Clinical features

These include^[4]^[5]

erythematous skin rash usually of the face, elbows and knees
skin desquamation
exanthema
hyperaemic tongue
toxic shock syndrome

Other features include mesenteric lymphadenitis and arthritis. Renal failure while rare may occur.

Relapses occur in up to 50% of patients.

Differential diagnosis

The main differential diagnosis is scarlet fever.^[6]

References

^ Sato K, Ouchi K, Taki M (1983) Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children, resembling Izumi fever and Kawasaki syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis 2: 123–126
^ Fukushima H Matsuda Y, Seki R, Tsubokura M, Takeda N, Shubin FN, Paik IK, Zheng XB (2001) Geographical heterogeneity between Far Eastern and Western countries in prevalence of the virulence plasmid, the superantigen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen, and the high-pathogenicity island among Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol 39:3541–3547
^ ^a ^b Yoshino K, Ramamurthy T, Nair GB, Fukushima H, Ohtomo Y, Takeda N, Kaneko S, Takeda T (1995) Geographical heterogeneity between Far East and Europe in prevalence of ypm gene encoding the novel superantigen among Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol 33(12) 3356–3358
^ Zalmover IIu, Znamenskiĭ VA, Ignatovich VO, Vishniakov AK, Serov GD (1969) Clinical aspects of Far Eastern scarlatina-like fever. Voen Med Zh 1:47–51
^ Solozhenkin VG (1978) Scarlet fever-like disease in children. Pediatriia (1):27–28
^ Antonov VS (1978) Differential diagnosis of scarlet fever-like forms of pseudotuberculosis and scarlet fever in children. Pediatriia 52(1):6–9

UpToDate Contents

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1. 周期性発熱症候群およびその他の自己炎症性疾患：概要 periodic fever syndromes and other autoinflammatory diseases an overview
2. 成人における不明熱の病因 etiologies of fever of unknown origin in adults
3. 免疫能の正常な患者における発熱および発疹 fever and rash in the immunocompetent patient
4. 成人における不明熱に対するアプローチ approach to the adult with fever of unknown origin
5. 術後発熱 postoperative fever

English Journal

Familial Mediterranean fever is no longer a rare disease in Japan.

Migita K1,2, Izumi Y3, Jiuchi Y3, Iwanaga N3, Kawahara C4, Agematsu K5, Yachie A6, Masumoto J7, Fujikawa K8, Yamasaki S9, Nakamura T10, Ubara Y11, Koga T12, Nakashima Y12, Shimizu T12, Umeda M12, Nonaka F13, Yasunami M14, Eguchi K15, Yoshiura K16, Kawakami A12.
Arthritis research & therapy.Arthritis Res Ther.2016 Jul 30;18:175. doi: 10.1186/s13075-016-1071-5.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations and prevalence of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in Japanese patients with unexplained fever and rheumatic manifestations.METHODS: We enrolled 601 patients with unexplained fever or suspected FMF throughout Japan betwe
PMID 27473114

Cerebral Infarction and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Caused by Central Nervous System Aspergillus Infection.

Muraoka S1, Araki Y2, Izumi T2, Takeuchi K2, Okamoto S2, Wakabayashi T2.
World neurosurgery.World Neurosurg.2016 Jun;90:705.e9-705.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.021. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
BACKGROUND: The mortality rate of central nervous system (CNS) Aspergillus infection is >90%. Most cases with ruptured aneurysmal formation resulting from CNS aspergilloma invasion into the arterial wall are difficult to treat with surgical therapy, antifungal drugs, or steroid administration. Th
PMID 26996735

[Two Cases of Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection].

Sasaki Y1, Izumi K1, Kawanishi Y1.
Hinyokika kiyo. Acta urologica Japonica.Hinyokika Kiyo.2016 May;62(5):249-52.
In this report, we describe two cases of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). The first case was in a 70-year-old man who received a splenectomy in 2012 due to pancytopenia induced by hepatic cirrhosis. He presented with fever and fatigue. A blood test and abdominal ultrasonography were p
PMID 27320116

Japanese Journal

Association of BAK1 single nucleotide polymorphism with a risk for dengue hemorrhagic fever

BMC medical genetics 17, 43, 2016-07
NAID 120005838211

Drug-induced Pneumonitis Following the Administration of TAS-102

Internal Medicine 55(19), 2855-2859, 2016
NAID 130005605850

肺葉内肺分画症内に発生した扁平上皮癌の一例

日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 30(6), 731-736, 2016
NAID 130005410891

「泉熱」

　　[★]

英: Izumi fever
同: 異型猩紅熱 atypical scarlet fever
関: 猩紅熱

[Sato1983-1] Sato K, Ouchi K, Taki M (1983) Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children, resembling Izumi fever and Kawasaki syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis 2: 123–126

[Fukushima2001-2] Fukushima H Matsuda Y, Seki R, Tsubokura M, Takeda N, Shubin FN, Paik IK, Zheng XB (2001) Geographical heterogeneity between Far Eastern and Western countries in prevalence of the virulence plasmid, the superantigen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen, and the high-pathogenicity island among Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol 39:3541–3547

[Yoshino1995-3] Yoshino K, Ramamurthy T, Nair GB, Fukushima H, Ohtomo Y, Takeda N, Kaneko S, Takeda T (1995) Geographical heterogeneity between Far East and Europe in prevalence of ypm gene encoding the novel superantigen among Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains. J Clin Microbiol 33(12) 3356–3358

[Zalmover1969-4] Zalmover IIu, Znamenskiĭ VA, Ignatovich VO, Vishniakov AK, Serov GD (1969) Clinical aspects of Far Eastern scarlatina-like fever. Voen Med Zh 1:47–51

[Solozhenkin1978-5] Solozhenkin VG (1978) Scarlet fever-like disease in children. Pediatriia (1):27–28

[Antonov1978-6] Antonov VS (1978) Differential diagnosis of scarlet fever-like forms of pseudotuberculosis and scarlet fever in children. Pediatriia 52(1):6–9

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案内

Izumi fever