WordNet

immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies (同)vaccinum
make inactive; "they deactivated the file" (同)deactivate
the virus causing poliomyelitis

PrepTutorEJDIC

牛痘種,痘苗(牛痘を起こすビールスで,天然痘予防のために人体に接種される) / (伝染病の病原菌から作った)ワクチン
…‘を'不活発にする / 〈血清など〉‘を'不活性化する

UpToDate Contents

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1. ポリオワクチン poliovirus vaccination
2. 旅行者のための予防接種 immunizations for travel
3. 急性灰白髄炎の世界的根絶 global poliomyelitis eradication
4. 小児や青年への標準的予防接種 standard immunizations for children and adolescents
5. ポリオおよび前角細胞への感染性疾患 polio and infectious diseases of the anterior horn

English Journal

National choices related to inactivated poliovirus vaccine, innovation and the endgame of global polio eradication.

Thompson KM, Duintjer Tebbens RJ.Author information Kid Risk, Inc., 10524 Moss Park Rd., Ste. 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832, USA.AbstractAchieving the goal of a world free of poliomyelitis still requires significant effort. Although polio immunization represents a mature area, the polio endgame will require new tools and strategies, particularly as national and global health leaders coordinate the cessation of all three serotypes of oral poliovirus vaccine and increasingly adopt inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). Poliovirus epidemiology and the global options for managing polioviruses continue to evolve, along with our understanding and appreciation of the resources needed and the risks that require management. Based on insights from modeling, we offer some perspective on the current status of plans and opportunities to achieve and maintain a world free of wild polioviruses and to successfully implement oral poliovirus vaccine cessation. IPV costs and potential wastage will represent an important consideration for national policy makers. Innovations may reduce future IPV costs, but the world urgently needs lower-cost IPV options.
Expert review of vaccines.Expert Rev Vaccines.2014 Feb;13(2):221-34. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2014.864563. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Achieving the goal of a world free of poliomyelitis still requires significant effort. Although polio immunization represents a mature area, the polio endgame will require new tools and strategies, particularly as national and global health leaders coordinate the cessation of all three serotypes of
PMID 24308581

A mucosal adjuvant for the inactivated poliovirus vaccine.

Steil BP1, Jorquera P2, Westdijk J3, Bakker WA3, Johnston RE2, Barro M2.Author information 1Global Vaccines, Inc., P.O. Box 14827, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Electronic address: bsteil@globalvaccines.org.2Global Vaccines, Inc., P.O. Box 14827, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.3Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), P.O. Box 450, 3720AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands.AbstractThe eradication of poliovirus from the majority of the world has been achieved through the use of two vaccines: the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and the live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Both vaccines are effective at preventing paralytic poliomyelitis, however, they also have significant differences. Most importantly for this work is the risk of revertant virus from OPV, the greater cost of IPV, and the low mucosal immunity induced by IPV. We and others have previously described the use of an alphavirus-based adjuvant that can induce a mucosal immune response to a co-administered antigen even when delivered at a non-mucosal site. In this report, we describe the use of an alphavirus-based adjuvant (GVI3000) with IPV. The IPV-GVI3000 vaccine significantly increased systemic IgG, mucosal IgG and mucosal IgA antibody responses to all three poliovirus serotypes in mice even when administered intramuscularly. Furthermore, GVI3000 significantly increased the potency of IPV in rat potency tests as measured by poliovirus neutralizing antibodies in serum. Thus, an IPV-GVI3000 vaccine would reduce the dose of IPV needed and provide significantly improved mucosal immunity. This vaccine could be an effective tool to use in the poliovirus eradication campaign without risking the re-introduction of revertant poliovirus derived from OPV.
Vaccine.Vaccine.2014 Jan 23;32(5):558-63. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.101. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
The eradication of poliovirus from the majority of the world has been achieved through the use of two vaccines: the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and the live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Both vaccines are effective at preventing paralytic poliomyelitis, however, they also have s
PMID 24333345

Systematic review of human papillomavirus vaccine coadministration.

Noronha AS1, Markowitz LE1, Dunne EF2.Author information 1Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States.2Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States. Electronic address: dde9@cdc.gov.AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended in early adolescence, at an age when other vaccines are also recommended. Administration of multiple vaccines during one visit is an opportunity to improve uptake of adolescent vaccines. We conducted a systematic review of safety and immunogenicity of HPV vaccines coadministered with other vaccines. Our review included 9 studies, 4 of quadrivalent HPV vaccine and 5 of bivalent HPV vaccine; coadministered vaccines included: meningococcal conjugate, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, combined hepatitis A and B, tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap), and inactivated poliovirus vaccines. Studies varied in methods of data collection and measurement of immunogenicity and safety. Noninferiority of immune response and an acceptable safety profile were demonstrated when HPV vaccine was coadministered with other vaccines.
Vaccine.Vaccine.2014 Jan 8. pii: S0264-410X(13)01768-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.037. [Epub ahead of print]
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended in early adolescence, at an age when other vaccines are also recommended. Administration of multiple vaccines during one visit is an opportunity to improve uptake of adolescent vaccines. We conducted a systematic review of safety and immunogenici
PMID 24412351