関: antisera、antiserum、immune serum

WordNet

blood serum containing antibodies against specific antigens; provides immunity to a disease
secure against; "immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda"; "immune from criminal prosecution"
a person who is immune to a particular infection
relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection) (同)resistant
(usually followed by `to'
relating to the condition of immunity; "the immune system"

PrepTutorEJDIC

抗血清(抗毒(免疫)素・凝集素のような抗体を含む血清)
免疫の / 《補語にのみ用いて》(影響・攻撃・義務・税などを)免れている《+『against』(『from, to』)+『名』》
serumの複数形
serial / series / sermon

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/03/08 09:45:52」(JST)

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This article deals exclusively with applications of antiserum. For an explanation of its production, see "polyclonal antibodies".

Antiserum (plural: antisera) is blood serum containing polyclonal antibodies. Antiserum is used to pass on passive immunity to many diseases. Passive antibody transfusion from a previous human survivor is the only known effective treatment for Ebola infection (but with little success rate).^[1]

The most common use of antiserum in humans is as antitoxin or antivenom, to treat envenomation.

How it works

Antibodies in the antiserum bind the infectious agent or antigen. The immune system then recognizes foreign agents bound to antibodies and triggers a more robust immune response. The use of antiserum is particularly effective against pathogens which are capable of evading the immune system in the unstimulated state but which are not robust enough to evade the stimulated immune system. The existence of antibodies to the agent therefore depends on an initial "lucky survivor" whose immune system by chance discovered a counteragent to the pathogen, or a "host species" which carries the virus but does not suffer from its effects. Further stocks of antiserum can then be produced from the initial donor or from a donor organism that is inoculated with the pathogen and cured by some stock of preexisting antiserum

References

^ Mupapa K, Massamba M, Kibadi K, Kuvula K, Bwaka A, Kipasa M, Colebunders R, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ. 1999. Treatment of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever with Blood Transfusions from Convalescent Patients. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 179(suppl 1):S18-23.~~~~

External links

Antisera at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 免疫系の臨床検査評価 laboratory evaluation of the immune system
2. 特異的抗体欠損 specific antibody deficiency
3. 免疫不全症の内科的マネージメント medical management of immunodeficiency
4. 小児における免疫性血小板減少症（ITP）：初期マネージメント immune thrombocytopenia itp in children initial management
5. 自然免疫系の概要 an overview of the innate immune system

English Journal

Improved vaccine efficacy of tumor exosome compared to tumor lysate loaded dendritic cells in mice.

Gu X1, Erb U, Büchler MW, Zöller M.
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2015 Feb 15;136(4):E74-84. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29100. Epub 2014 Aug 5.
Leukemia immunotherapy frequently does not meet expectation, one of the handicaps being tumor exosome (TEX)-promoted immunosuppression. We here asked, using the mouse myeloid leukemia WEHI3B and the renal cell carcinoma line RENCA, whether dendritic cell (DC) vaccination suffices to counterregulate
PMID 25066479

Passive transfer of affinity-purified anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) from sera of patients with myocarditis induces experimental myocarditis in mice.

Caforio AL1, Angelini A2, Blank M3, Shani A3, Kivity S3, Goddard G4, Doria A5, Schiavo A6, Testolina M6, Bottaro S7, Marcolongo R8, Thiene G2, Iliceto S6, Shoenfeld Y9.
International journal of cardiology.Int J Cardiol.2015 Jan 20;179:166-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.165. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
BACKGROUND: Human autoimmune myocarditis is characterized by an increased frequency of serum organ and disease-specific anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) in affected patients. To assess whether AHA are directly pathogenic, we used the passive transfer technique of AHA from patients to normal Balb/c mi
PMID 25464438

Occult hepatitis B virus infection with positive hepatitis B e antigen.

Han Z1, Liu Y2, Pan J2, Bi Y3, Liu J2, Zhou YH4.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.Clin Chim Acta.2015 Jan 1;438:266-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.09.007. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a marker to indicate active replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Occult HBV infection (OBI), referred to persistence of HBV DNA in serum and/or liver without detectable serum hepatitis B surface (HBsAg), usually has low HBV DNA levels. The presence of
PMID 25218700

Japanese Journal

Involvement of IL-18 in the Expansion of Unique Hepatic T Cells with Unconventional Cytokine Profiles during Schistosoma mansoni Infection

Adachi Keishi,Nakamura Risa,Osada Yoshio,Senba Masachika,Tamada Koji,Hamano Shinjiro
PLoS ONE 9(5), e96042, 2014-05-13
… In the liver, various unique immune cells distinct from those of conventional immune competent organs or tissues exist, resulting in a unique immunological environment. … During the transition phase, when MCPHT cells increase, IL-18 secretion was up-regulated in the liver and sera. …
NAID 120005447072

Involvement of Fcα/μR (CD351) in autoantibody production

Yoshizawa Yuichi,Honda Shin-ichiro,Shibuya Akira,本多伸一郎,渋谷彰
Molecular immunology 57(2), 216-219, 2014-02
… Antibody exerts various immune responses via binding to Fc receptors expressed on immune cells. … Fcamr−/−Faslpr/lpr mice showed significantly lower titers of IgG autoantibodies against double strand (ds) DNA, histone and cardiolipin in the sera than did Fcamr+/+Faslpr/lpr mice. …
NAID 120005368002

Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis Vaccine Expressing the Fusion Protein CMX in Cattle from Goiás State, Brazil

DA SILVA Duanne Alves,CAVALCANTI Marcos Antônio Rocha,MUNIZ DE OLIVEIRA Fábio,TRENTINI Monalisa Martins,JUNQUEIRA-KIPNIS Ana Paula,KIPNIS André
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2014
… Before each immunization, blood was collected to obtain sera for antibody analysis. … We discuss the potential of mc2-CMX to induce immune response in cattle. …
NAID 130003391313