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In biology, "polyphagia" is a type of phagy, referring to an animal that feeds on many kinds of food.

Polyphagia or hyperphagia refers to excessive hunger or increased appetite.^[1] It derives from the Greek words πολύς (polys) which means "very much", and φαγῶ (phago) meaning "eat".

In medicine[edit source | edit]

In medicine, polyphagia (sometimes known as hyperphagia) is a medical sign meaning excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. Disorders such as diabetes, Kleine-Levin Syndrome (a malfunction in the hypothalamus), the genetic disorders Prader-Willi Syndrome and Bardet Biedl Syndrome can cause hyperphagia (compulsive hunger).^[2]

Causes[edit source | edit]

Causes of increased appetite include:^[3]

Anxiety
Certain drugs
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperthyroidism
Hypoglycemia
Premenstrual syndrome
Prader-Willi syndrome
Bulimia
Graves' disease

Diabetic ketoacidosis[edit source | edit]

Polyphagia usually occurs early in the course of diabetic ketoacidosis.^[4] However, once insulin deficiency becomes more severe and ketoacidosis develops, appetite is suppressed.^[5]

References[edit source | edit]

^ Berthoud HR, Lenard NR, Shin AC (2011). "Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity.". Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 300 (6): R1266–77. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00028.2011. PMC 3119156. PMID 21411768.
^ OMIM::Prader-WilliOMIM::Bardet-Biedl
^ NIH Medline plus
^ Elliott RE, Jane JA, Wisoff JH (2011). "Surgical management of craniopharyngiomas in children: meta-analysis and comparison of transcranial and transsphenoidal approaches.". Neurosurgery 69 (3): 630–43; discussion 643. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e31821a872d. PMID 21499159.
^ Masuzaki H, Tanaka T, Ebihara K, Hosoda K, Nakao K (2009). "Hypothalamic melanocortin signaling and leptin resistance--perspective of therapeutic application for obesity-diabetes syndrome.". Peptides 30 (7): 1383–6. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.008. PMID 19394382.

External links[edit source | edit]

Diseases and conditions associated with Polyphagia

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2. レプチンの生理学 physiology of leptin
3. 肥満の病因 pathogenesis of obesity

English Journal

Alpha(1) receptor antagonist in the median raphe nucleus evoked hyperphagia in free-feeding rats.

Mansur SS, Terenzi MG, Neto JM, Faria MS, Paschoalini MA.SourceDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Centre of Biological Sciences - CCB, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-970, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
Appetite.Appetite.2011 Oct;57(2):498-503. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
Serotonergic neurons in the median raphe nucleus (MnR) are stimulated by α(1)-adrenergic agonists and inhibited by α(2)-agonists. This study investigated the effect of the blockade of the MnR α(1)-adrenergic receptors of free feeding rats as an attempt to elucidate the functional role of these re
PMID 21745511

Seasonal Regulation of the Growth Hormone/Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Axis in the American Black Bear (Ursus americanus).

Blumenthal S, Morgan-Boyd R, Nelson R, Garshelis DL, Turyk ME, Unterman T.Source1UIC College of Medicine and Jesse Brown VAMC.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab.2011 Jul 5. [Epub ahead of print]
The American black bear maintains lean body mass for months without food during winter denning. We asked whether changes in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I (GH/IGF-I) axis may contribute to this remarkable adaptation to starvation. Serum IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay
PMID 21730258

Japanese Journal

Rapamycin Protects Against High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6J Mice

CHANG Geng-Ruei,CHIU Yi-Shin,WU Ying-Ying,CHEN Wen-Ying,LIAO Jiunn-Wang,CHAO Te-Hsin,MAO Frank Chiahung
Journal of pharmacological sciences 109(4), 496-503, 2009-04-20
… However, RAPA-treated mice were hyperphagic, demonstrating an increase in food intake. …
NAID 10025735571

Fluvoxamine Inhibits Weight Gain and Food Intake in Food Restricted Hyperphagic Wistar Rats(Pharmacology)

SHINOZAKI Tomokazu,KIMURA Masaki,HOSOYAMADA Makoto,SHIBASAKI Toshiaki
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 31(12), 2250-2254, 2008-12-01
… The effects of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), were studied in normophagic and food-restriction-induced hyperphagic middle-aged Wistar rats. … Hyperphagic middle-aged Wistar rats were subjected to 10d of food restriction; …
NAID 110007005024